A5009637841- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Mineralogy and Gemology Studies
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
- Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
- Crystal Structures and Properties
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Glass properties and applications
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
- Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
- Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure
- Chemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous Solutions
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Landslides and related hazards
- Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
- Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Sports injuries and prevention
University of Cambridge
2013-2025
Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
2022-2025
Dalhousie University
2021-2024
Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2017
University of Liverpool
2017
University of Bayreuth
2016
California Institute of Technology
2016
Museums Victoria
2006
Monash University
2006
The University of Melbourne
1997
The thermodynamic properties of 154 mineral end‐members, 13 silicate liquid end‐members and 22 aqueous fluid species are presented in a revised updated data set. use temperature‐dependent thermal expansion bulk modulus, the high‐pressure equations state for solids fluids, allows calculation mineral–fluid equilibria to 100 kbar pressure or higher. A pressure‐dependent Landau model order–disorder permits extension disordering transitions high pressures, and, particular, alpha–beta quartz...
The thermodynamic properties of 254 end-members, including 210 mineral 18 silicate liquid end-members and 26 aqueous fluid species are presented in a revised updated internally consistent data set. PVT the set phases now based on modified Tait equation state (EOS) for solids Pitzer & Sterner (1995) gaseous components. Thermal expansion compressibility linked within EOS (TEOS) by thermal pressure formulation using an Einstein temperature to model dependence both bulk modulus way. new has led...
Abstract This paper provides methods and a description of Pascal computer program, thermocalc , for various thermodynamic calculations using the dataset presented in earlier papers this series (Holland & Powell, 1985; Powell Holland, 1985). The involves uncertainties on parameters therefore allows to be calculated results, example geothermometry geobarometry. Recommendations are made activities used rocks, particular emphasis being placed preventing underestimates these at small mole...
Abstract We discuss the use of regression diagnostics combined with nonlinear least-squares to refine cell parameters from powder diffraction data, presenting a method which minimizes residuals in experimentally-determined quantity (usually 2θ hkl or energy, E ). Regression diagnostics, particularly deletion are invaluable detection outliers and influential data could be deleterious regressed results. The usual practice simple inspection calculated alone often fails detect seriously dataset,...
We present, as a progress report, revised and much enlarged version of the thermodynamic dataset given earlier (Holland & Powell, 1985). This new set includes data for 123 mineral fluid end‐members made consistent with over 200 P–T–X CO2 – f O2 phase equilibrium experiments. Several improvements advances have been made, in addition to increased coverage phases: are now presented three groups ranked according reliability; large number iron‐bearing phases has included through experimental...
Abstract New activity–composition ( a – x ) relations for minerals commonly occurring in metapelites are presented use with the internally consistent thermodynamic dataset of Holland & Powell , Journal Metamorphic Geology 29 333–383). The include broader consideration Fe 2 O 3 minerals, changes to formalism several phases and order–disorder all ferromagnesian where Fe–Mg mixing occurs on multiple sites. chlorite, biotite, garnet, chloritoid, staurolite, cordierite, orthopyroxene,...
Abstract Improved activity–composition relationships for biotite, garnet and silicate liquid are used to construct updated P – T grids pseudosections high‐grade metapelites. The biotite model involves Ti charge‐balanced by hydrogen deprotonation on the hydroxyl site, following substitution , where HD represents site. Relative equivalent biotite‐breakdown melting reactions in K 2 O–FeO–MgO–Al O 3 –SiO –H (KFMASH), those O–TiO –O (KFMASHTO) occur at temperatures close 50 °C higher. A further...
Phase diagrams involving solid solutions are calculated by solving sets of non‐linear equations. In calculating P–T projections and compatibility diagrams, the equations used for each equilibrium relationships an independent set reactions between end‐members phases in equilibrium. Invariant points univariant lines can be directly, as coordinates diagrams. T–x / P–x pseudosections – drawn particular bulk compositions relationship augmented mass balance Lines pseudosections, where mode one...
Abstract Mixing properties for muscovite–celadonite–ferroceladonite solid solutions are derived from combining available experimental phase equilibrium data with tabulated thermodynamic mineral end‐members. When a partially ordered solution model is assumed, the enthalpy of mixing among end‐members nearly ideal, although Gibbs energies muscovite–celadonite and muscovite–ferroceladonite asymmetric due to an asymmetry in entropy mixing. Thermodynamic consistency achieved on phengite...
Abstract A set of thermodynamic models is presented that, for the first time, allows partial melting equilibria to be calculated metabasic rocks. The consist new activity–composition relations combined with end‐member properties from Holland & Powell dataset, version 6. They allow forward modelling in system Na O–CaO–K O–FeO–MgO–Al O –SiO –H O–TiO –Fe . In particular, are silicate melt broadly trondhjemitic–tonalitic composition, and augitic clinopyroxene Si–Al mixing on tetrahedral...
Abstract A thermodynamic model for haplogranitic melts in the system Na 2 O–CaO–K O–Al O 3 –SiO –H (NCKASH) is extended by addition of FeO and MgO, with data additional end‐members liquid incorporated Holland & Powell (1998) internally consistent dataset. The resulting dataset, software thermocalc , then used to calculate melting relationships metapelitic rock compositions. main forms this are P – T X pseudosections calculated particular compositions composition ranges. these full‐system...
In a thermodynamic description of mineral solid solution, it is customary to select minimal group end-members that constitutes an independent set, and yet in practical calculations commonly occurs different set or subset required. Given the simplification symmetric formalism, straightforward derive enthalpies formation dependent as well interaction energies between new terms those original set. For example, simplified ternary solution Fe-free Ca-amphiboles might be described with tremolite,...
Abstract Thermobarometry, the estimation of pressure–temperature ( P – T ) conditions metamorphism, can be undertaken by using pseudosection calculations as well conventional methods. Conventional thermobarometry uses only equilibrium thermodynamics balanced reactions between end‐members minerals, combined with observed compositions minerals. In contrast, pseudosections involve a forward calculation mineral equilibria for given rock composition. When related to data such assemblages,...
Abstract A recent thermodynamic model for the Na–Ca clinoamphiboles in system Na 2 O–CaO–FeO–MgO–Al O 3 –SiO –H O–O (NCFMASHO), is improved, and extended to include cummingtonite–grunerite orthoamphiboles, anthophyllite gedrite. The clinoamphibole NCMASH adopted, but extension into FeO‐ Fe ‐bearing systems revised provide consistency better agreement with natural assemblage data. new involves order–disorder of Fe–Mg between M2, M13 M4 sites amphibole structure, calibrated using experimental...
Other| December 01, 1996 Thermodynamics of order-disorder in minerals; II, Symmetric formalism applied to solid solutions Tim Holland; Holland University Cambridge, Department Earth Sciences, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Roger Powell Melbourne, Australia American Mineralogist (1996) 81 (11-12): 1425–1437. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1996-11-1215 Article history first online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add Manager Share Icon Twitter...
A new thermodynamic model is presented for calculating phase relations in peridotite, from 0·001 to 60 kbar and 800°C liquidus temperatures, the system NCFMASOCr. This large enough simulate melting of natural peridotite basaltic liquids. Calculations program thermocalc illustrate mantle relationships conditions, specifically composition KLB-1. The garnet–spinel transition zone intersects solidus at 21·4–21·7 kbar, where both Fe3+ Cr increase spinel stability, expanding width transition....
A new set of thermodynamic models is presented for calculating phase relations in bulk compositions extending from peridotite to granite, 0·001 70 kbar and 650°C liquidus temperatures, the system K2O–Na2O–CaO–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O–TiO2–Fe2O3–Cr2O3 (KNCFMASHTOCr). The may be used calculate equilibria partial melting a large range mantle crustal compositions. They provide good fit experimental relation topologies melt across compositional model. Compared with preliminary model Jennings, E. S....
Abstract Rocks of basic and intermediate bulk composition occur in orogenic terranes from all geological time periods are thought to represent significant petrological components the middle lower continental crust. However, former lack appropriate thermodynamic models for silicate melt, amphibole clinopyroxene that can be applied such lithologies at high temperature has inhibited effective phase equilibrium modelling their evolution during amphibolite‐ granulite facies metamorphism. In this...
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common debilitating injury that can cause instability of the knee. We aimed to investigate best management strategy between reconstructive surgery and non-surgical treatment for patients with non-acute ACL persistent symptoms instability.We did pragmatic, multicentre, superiority, randomised controlled trial in 29 secondary care National Health Service orthopaedic units UK. Patients symptomatic knee problems (instability) consistent an were...