The impact of heavy metal toxicity on the shoot and root lengths, total protein, fiber characteristics, moisture content nutrient composition spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was evaluated. Plants were grown in pots containing soil treated with different concentrations (mg/kg) lead (Pb; 300, 400 500), cadmium (Cd; 0.5, 1 1.5) zinc (Zn; 250, 500, 700) as well mixtures Cd Pb (0.5/300, 1/400, 1.5/500), Zn (0.5/250, 1/500, 1.5/700), (300/250, 400/500, 500/700). Soil contaminated by long-term...

Continuous application of phosphate (P) mineral to soil renders apatite addition during each crop growing season which is great concern from a sustainable agriculture viewpoint. Use efficient solubilizing microbes (PSB) one the most effective ways solubilize this in soil. The current study targeted hydroxyapatite mines explore, isolate and characterize P solubilizers Efficiency isolated rock (hydroxyapatite) tri-calcium (TCP) as well indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)...

Sulfur deficiency arising due to intensive cultivation, use of sulfur free fertilizers and reduction in atmospheric depositions has become a major issue limiting crop production many parts the world. Elemental could be good source available S, but its slow oxidation is problem for efficient as fertilizer. Main objective study was assess effect organic amendments (OA) elemental (ES) on microbial activities, availability soil. A laboratory incubation experiment carried out 56 days period using...

Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem. Pathogenic microorganisms develop antibiotic as result of exposure to inappropriate quantity antibiotics and accumulation mutations. Bio-friendly nanomaterial scan be developed antimicrobial agents. Present study aimed investigate the activity biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from carrot extract three different regions namely Gilgit, Haripur Sheikhupura Pakistan, having significant difference in climate altitude. UV–visible...

Some soil microbes, with their diverse inhabitance, biologically active metabolites, and endospore formation, gave them characteristic predominance recognition among other microbial communities. The present study collected ten samples from green land, agricultural marshy sites of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. After culturing on described media, the bacterial isolates were identified through phenotypic, biochemical phylogenetic analysis. Our analysis revealed three isolates, A6S7, A1S6,...

The current study focuses on the usage of bio synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles to increase tissue culture efficiency important forage grass Panicum virgatum. Zinc being a micronutrient enhanced callogenesis and regeneration virgatum at different concentrations. Here, we through Cymbopogon citratus leaves extract evaluate effect plant ability in switchgrass. X-ray diffraction (XRD) attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) validate phase purity green synthesize...

Medicinal plants play important role in the public health sector worldwide. Natural products from medicinal are sources of unlimited opportunities for new drug leads because their unique chemical diversity. Researchers have focused on exploring herbal as potential treatment cancer, cardiac and infectious diseases. Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) is an plant found northwest Himalayan regions Pakistan. It a poisonous used remedy against snake bites scorpion stings. In this study, two bioactive...

Allium cepa L. is a commonly consumed vegetable that belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family and contains nutrients antioxidants in ample amounts. In spite of valuable food applications onion bulb, its peel outer fleshy layers are generally regarded as waste exploration their nutritional therapeutic potential still progress with very slow progression rate. The present study was designed purpose doing comparative analysis antioxidant two parts cepa, i.g., bulb (edible part) dry peels (inedible...

Abstract An ethnobotanical study was conducted to document indigenous medicinal plants and their usage from knowledgeable elderly persons in Razzar Gadoon valley of Swabi Allai Tanawal Hazara region Pakistan during 2016-2019. Several systematic field visits questionnaire surveys were carried out selected sites the area gather relevant information local community. Rapid assessment method adopted for data collection by interviewing people having enough knowledge use treatment different...

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is Gram negative, rod shaped, facultative anaerobic bacterium, belongs to enterobacteriaceae family that causes typhoid fever in humans. This bacterium has become a super bug due acquisition of multi drug resistance. Bacteria transmitted through food and water contaminated with human feaces. Present study reports the screening Adhatoda vasica, Amaranthus hybridus Aloe barbadensis their evaluation against multi-drug resistant Typhi. Qualitative analysis ten...

The acquisition of multi-drug resistance (MDR) genes by pathogenic bacterial bugs and their dispersal to different food webs has become a silent pandemic. multiplied use antibacterial therapeutics during COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the process among emerging pathogens. Wild migratory birds play an important role in spread MDR pathogens gene flow due consumption contaminated water. Escherichia fergusonii is pathogen family Enterobacteriaceae commonly causes disease human animals. present...

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium spp., the filamentous fungi. Food and feed contamination with zearalenone has adverse effects on health economy. ZEA degradation through microorganisms providing promising preventive measure. The current study includes isolation of 47 bacterial strains from 100 different food rumen samples. Seventeen isolates showed maximum activity reduction. A isolate, RS-5, reduced concentration up to 78.3% ELISA analysis 74.3% as determined...

This paper presents the impact of mean maximum temperature on Chitral river basin situated at district and high altitude (>6000 m) peaks Hindukush range under changing climate in Pakistan. The analysis River as one tributary Kabul River—the second largest Pakistan—revealed that change has a profound influence snow/glacial melt comparison to monthly rainfall. is because studied faded by snow glacial receives lot snowfall from winter (DecFeb) pre-monsoon (April-May). In monsoon period...

The COVID-19 being a preconized global pandemic by the World Health Organization needs persuasive immediate research for possible medications. present study was carried out with specific aim to computationally evaluate and identify compounds derived from Bacillus species as plausible inhibitors against 3-chymotrypsin-like main protease (3CLpro) or (MPro), which is key enzyme in life-cycle of coronavirus. were isolated crude extracts species. Among compounds, novel inhibitory leads identified...

Regulation of gene expression stages within a cellular creature deals with all the complexities and functionalities organism. These genetic information processing activities inside cell can imitate specific operations carried out by different combinations semiconductor devices. Appropriate regulation is basis correct system biological functionality living organisms. Any biochemical aberrations (mutations) in cycle which are not diminished genetically result progressive dysfunction....

Phosphorus (P) is considered one of the most important nutrients for plant growth.It used as a fertilizer either commercially available or in form manure, and also plays key role growth livestock.Animal manure sources P. The concentration P varies with age livestock, diet, bedding type.It depends on livestock species.P found animal exists organic inorganic form.In general, 45-90% nature other supposed to be [1].Composted richer than fresh [2].However, fresh, non-composted has higher nitrogen...

It is proved that the variable conductance of calcium ions (Ca+2) through nerve membrane protein channel, labelled as gCa, in Morris-Lecar macro circuit model, can be further modelled a voltage-dependent one port memristor element. In this representation gCa memristor, properties nonlinear time invariant are proven to equivalent Chua's memristive one-port model.

Abstract The current study was focused on the usage of bio synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles to increase tissue culture efficiency important forage grass Panicum virgatum . Zinc being a micronutrient enhanced callogenesis and regeneration at different concentrations. Here, we through Cymbopogon citratus leaves extract evaluate influence quality plant in switchgrass. X-ray diffraction (XRD) attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) validate phase purity green...

Abstract Cranes are the large and attractive Creatures of nature with long necks, legs, life-span. Adults both sexes same similar color patterns. Demoiselle cranes spend most their lifespan on dry grasses. They also found around stream, rivers, shallow lakes, natural wetlands, depressions. To evaluate current status habitat use major threats a study was conducted in tehsil Domel district Bannu. Line transect method water quality tests (temperature, PH, contamination E-coli bacteria) were...