Owing to their high safety and reversibility, aqueous microbatteries using zinc anodes an acid electrolyte have emerged as promising candidates for wearable electronics. However, a critical limitation that prevents implementing chemistry at the microscale lies in its spontaneous corrosion acidic causes capacity loss of 40% after ten-hour rest. Widespread anti-corrosion techniques, such polymer coating, often retard kinetics plating/stripping lack spatial control microscale. Here, polyimide...

Highly flexible bismuth Hall sensors on polymeric foils are fabricated, and the key optimization steps that required to boost their sensitivity bulk value identified. The sensor can be bent around wrist or positioned finger realize an interactive pointing device for wearable electronics. Furthermore, this technology is of great interest rapidly developing market -eMobility, eMotors magnetic bearings.

Abstract Future electronic skin aims to mimic nature’s original both in functionality and appearance. Although some of the multifaceted properties human may remain exclusive biological system, electronics opens a unique path that leads beyond imitation could equip us with unfamiliar senses. Here we demonstrate giant magnetoresistive sensor foils high sensitivity, unmatched flexibility mechanical endurance. They are <2 μm thick, extremely flexible (bending radii <3 μm), lightweight (≈3...

Magnetic sensors are widely used in our daily life for assessing the position and orientation of objects. Recently, magnetic sensing modality has been introduced to electronic skins (e-skins), enabling remote perception moving However, integration density is limited vector properties field cannot be fully explored since can only perceive components one or two dimensions. Here, we report an approach fabricate high-density integrated active matrix sensor with three-dimensional (3D) capability....

Choreographing the adaptive shapes of patterned surfaces to exhibit designable mechanical interactions with their environment remains an intricate challenge. Here, a novel category strain-engineered dynamic-shape materials, empowering diverse multi-dimensional shape modulations that are combined form fine-grained microarchitectures is introduced. Using micro-origami tessellation technology, heterogeneous materials provided strategic creases featuring stimuli-responsive micro-hinges morph...

We present fuel-free locomotion of magnetic spherical Janus motors driven by magnetically induced thermophoresis--a self-diffusive propulsion an object in any liquid media due to a local temperature gradient. Within this approach ac field is applied induce thermophoretic motion the objects via heating cap particles, while additional dc used orient and guide their on long time scale. Full control over achieved specific properties ultrathin 100-nm-thick Permalloy (Py, Fe₁₉Ni₈₁ alloys) films...

Inorganic nanomembranes are shapeable (flexible, printable, and even stretchable) transferrable to virtually any substrate. These properties build the core concept for new technologies, which transform otherwise rigid high-speed devices into their counterparts. This research is motivated by eagerness of consumer electronics towards being thin, lightweight, flexible, wearable. The realization this requires all building blocks as we know them from (e.g., active elements, optoelectronics,...

We fabricated [Co/Cu] multilayers revealing a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect on free-standing elastic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membranes. The GMR performance of rigid silicon and PDMS is similar does not change with tensile deformations up to 4.5%. Mechanical imposed the sensor are totally reversible, due elasticity This remarkable upon stretching relies wrinkling layers top membrane.

We demonstrate magnetosensitive e-skins for magnetic cognition, body position tracking, and touchless object manipulation.

Detection and analysis of magnetic nanoobjects is a crucial task in modern diagnostic therapeutic techniques applied to medicine biology. Accomplishment this calls for the development implementation electronic elements directly fluidic channels, which still remains an open nontrivial issue. Here, we present novel concept based on rolled-up nanotechnology fabrication multifunctional devices, can be straightforwardly integrated into existing architectures. We apply strain engineering roll-up...

A novel method relying on strain engineering to realize arrays of on-chip-integrated giant magneto-impedance (GMI) sensors equipped with pick-up coils is put forth. The geometrical transformation an initially planar layout into a tubular 3D architecture stabilizes favorable azimuthal magnetic domain patterns. This work creates solid foundation for further development CMOS compatible GMI sensorics magnetoencephalography. Encephalography techniques, especially those based the detection...

High-performance giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensorics are realized, which printed at predefined locations on flexible circuitry. Remarkably, the magnetosensors remain fully operational over complete consumer temperature range and reveal a magnetoresistance up to 37% sensitivity of 0.93 T−1 130 mT. With these specifications, magnetoelectronics can be controlled using active electronics for realization smart packaging energy-efficient switches.

Smart biomimetics, a unique class of devices combining the mechanical adaptivity soft actuators with imperceptibility microelectronics, is introduced. Due to their inherent ability self-assemble, biomimetic microelectronics can firmly yet gently attach an inorganic or biological tissue enabling enclosure of, for example, nervous fibers, guide growth neuronal cells during regeneration. Living species possess adapt shape life cycle, e.g., through growth, replication, healing, motion. Imitating...

Artificial electronic skins (e-skins) comprise an integrated matrix of flexible devices arranged on a soft, reconfigurable surface. These sensors must perceive physical interaction spaces between external objects and robots or humans. Among various types sensors, magnetic the configuration are preferable for such position sensing. However, sensor matrices efficiently map field with real-time encoding positions motions objects. This paper reports ultrathin system comprising 2 × 4 array...

Abstract Today’s smallest energy storage devices for in-vivo applications are larger than 3 mm and lack the ability to continuously drive complex functions of smart dust electronic microrobotic systems. Here, we create a tubular biosupercapacitor occupying mere volume 1/1000 (=1 nanoliter), yet delivering up 1.6 V in blood. The geometry this nano-biosupercapacitor provides efficient self-protection against external forces from pulsating blood or muscle contraction. Redox enzymes living...

Abstract Advances in microelectronics have enabled the use of miniaturized computers for autonomous intelligence at size a dust particle less than one square millimeter across and few hundred micrometers thick, creating an environment ubiquitous computing. However, mismatch between microbatteries has emerged as fundamental barrier against take‐off tiny intelligent systems requiring power anytime anywhere. Mainstream microbattery structures include stacked thin films on chip or electrode...

Abstract As substantial progress has been made to miniaturize intelligent microsystems the sub‐square‐millimeter scale, there is a desperate need move beyond existing microbattery technologies offer adequate energy at same footprint. A micro‐origami technology able wind up flat layer stack into Swiss roll presents promising approach in this regard because it mimics most successful way make energy‐dense full‐sized batteries. Here, an on‐chip Swiss‐roll current collector via process developed...

Zn batteries show promise for microscale applications due to their compatibility with air fabrication but face challenges like dendrite growth and chemical corrosion, especially at the microscale. Despite previous attempts in electrolyte engineering, achieving successful patterning of devices has remained challenging. Here, using photolithography is enabled by incorporating caffeine into a UV-crosslinked polyacrylamide hydrogel electrolyte. Caffeine passivates anode, preventing while its coordination

The magnetic microstructure of rolled-up nanomembranes is revealed both theoretically and experimentally. Two types are considered, one with a non-magnetic spacer layer the other without. Experimentally, by using different materials tuning dimensions nanomembranes, domain patterns consisting spiral-like azimuthally magnetized domains observed, which in qualitative agreement theoretical predictions. Inorganic stretchable,1 shapeable,2 transferrable to virtually any substrate.3, 4 These...

The first printable magnetic sensor relying on the giant magnetoresistance effect (GMR) is demonstrated. It prepared in form of magneto-sensitive inks adherent to any kind arbitrarily shaped surface. fabricated exhibits a room-temperature GMR up 8% showing great potential for contactless switching hybrid electronic circuits (discrete semiconductor and elements) applied surface by regular painting.

We report an ultrasensitive label-free DNA biosensor with fully on-chip integrated rolled-up nanomembrane electrodes. The hybridization of complementary strands (avian influenza virus subtype H1N1) is selectively detected down to attomolar concentrations, unprecedented level for miniaturized sensors without amplification. Impedimetric detection such a shows 4 orders magnitude sensitivity improvement over its planar counterpart. Furthermore, it observed that the impedance response proposed...

A novel fabrication method for stretchable magnetoresistive sensors is introduced, which allows the transfer of a complex microsensor systems prepared on common rigid donor substrates to prestretched elastomeric membranes in single step. This direct printing boosts potential magnetoelectronics terms miniaturization and level complexity, provides strain-invariant up 30% tensile deformation.