Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) was first reported as a pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor in 1994 with little notice, but it has received increasing attention recent years due to accumulating evidence indicating that NAMPT is pleiotropic protein such growth factor, cytokine, an enzyme and visfatin. Now, been accepted official name of this protein. Because NAMPT's multiple functions variety physiological processes, their dysregulations have implicated the pathogenesis number...

c-myc Gene Regulation in Rectal Cancer Cells 20467 (3435).Butyrate is a known inhibitor of histone deacetylase (34).Interestingly, butyrate causes an increase expression fetai hemoglobin vivo and may be valuable the treatment sickle cell disease ~-t~alassemia (36).Treatment SW837 cells with 2 mM sodium rapid decline RNA.This butyrate-induced decrease can blocked by protein synthesis inhibitors, suggesting that induction activity which has negative effect on RNA abundance (21).In current...

The Clustered Regions of Interspersed Palindromic Repeats-Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9), a viral defense system found in bacteria and archaea, has emerged as tour de force genome editing tool. CRISPR/Cas9 is much easier to customize optimize because the site selection for DNA cleavage guided by short sequence RNA rather than an engineered protein systems zinc finger nucleases (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector (TALEN), meganucleases. Although it still suffers from some off-target effects,...

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a pleiotropic protein implicated in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome, aging, cancer, coronary heart diseases, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, and sepsis. However, underlying molecular mechanisms NAMPT these physiological pathological processes are not fully understood. Here, we provide experimental evidence that Nampt gene homozygous knockout (Nampt-/-) resulted lethality at an...

Bone degenerative disorders like osteoporosis may be initiated by age-related shifts in anabolic and catabolic responses that control bone homeostasis. Although there are studies suggesting metabolic changes occur with stem cell differentiation, the molecular mechanisms governing energy metabolism epigenetic modification not understood fully. Here we reported key role of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), which is rate-limiting enzyme salvage pathway NAD biosynthesis from...

Metformin has been considered a potential adjunctive therapy in treating poorly controlled type 1 diabetes with obesity and insulin resistance, owing to its potent effects on improving sensitivity. However, the underlying mechanism of metformin's vascular protective remains obscure. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), key regulator cellular redox state induced by high-glucose concentration, decreases thioredoxin reductase activity mediates apoptosis oxidative stress. Here we report that...

The dysregulation of vascular endothelial cells by thrombin has been implicated in the development a number pathologic disorders such as inflammatory conditions, cancer, diabetes, coronary heart disease. However, transcriptional regulation is not completely understood. In present study, Illumina RNA-seq was used to profile transcriptome human pulmonary microvascular (HMVEC-L) treated with for 6 h gain insight into thrombin's direct effects on function. Out 100 million total reads from paired...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune-disease of unknown origin that primarily affects the joints and ultimately leads to their destruction. Growing evidence suggests synvovial fibroblasts play important roles in initiation perpetuation RA but underlying molecular mechanisms are not understood fully. In present study, Illumina RNA sequencing was used profile two human normal control rheumatoid (RASFs) transcriptomes gain insights into RA. We found besides known inflammatory...

// Peixin Huang 1 , Sean M. Riordan Daniel P. Heruth Dmitry N. Grigoryev 1,2,3 Li Qin Zhang and Shui Qing Ye 1,2 Division of Experimental Translational Genetics, Department Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals Clinics, University Missouri Kansas City School Medicine, City, MO, USA 2 Biomedical Health Informatics, 3 Laboratory Studies Personalized "Northern" BioPharm Cluster at Moscow Institute Physics Technology, Region, Russian Federation Correspondence to: Ye, email: Keywords :...

Recently, we and others have found that hyperfiltration-associated increase in biomechanical forces, namely, tensile stress fluid flow shear (FFSS), can directly distinctly alter podocyte structure function. The ultrafiltrate over the major processes cell body generates FFSS to podocytes. Our previous work suggests cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-PGE 2 -PGE receptor (EP2) axis plays an important role mechanoperception of To address mechanotransduction perceived stimulus through EP2, cultured...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a lung condition characterized by impaired gas exchange with systemic release of inflammatory mediators, causing pulmonary inflammation, vascular leak and hypoxemia. Existing biomarkers have limited effectiveness as diagnostic therapeutic targets. To identify disease-associating variants in ARDS patients, whole-exome sequencing was performed on 96 detecting 1,382,399 SNPs. By comparing these exome data to those the 1000 Genomes Project, we...

Abstract Systemic sepsis is a known risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants, disease characterized by dysregulated angiogenesis and impaired vascular alveolar development. We have previoulsy reported that systemic endotoxin dysregulates pulmonary resulting simplification mimicking BPD neonatal mice, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. undertook an unbiased discovery approach to identify novel signaling pathways programming sepsis-induced deviant lung...

Caedibacter taeniospiralis, an obligate bacterial endosymbiont of Paramecium tetraurelia, confers a killing trait upon its host paramecium. Type 51 R bodies (refractile inclusion bodies) are synthesized by these endosymbionts and required for expression the trait. The nucleotide sequence genetic determinants type body synthesis assembly was determined C. taeniospiralis 47 116. Three independently transcribed genes (rebA, rebB, rebC) were characterized. To date only from to be sequenced DNA...

In cultured mammalian cells, an increase in the amount of tubulin monomer due to treatment with a microtubule-depolymerizing agent results rapid decline synthesis. This autoregulatory response is mediated through posttranscriptional mechanism which decreases stability message no change transcriptional activity genes. Conversely, microtubule-polymerizing drug, such as taxol, slight synthesis tubulin. Surprisingly, we find that two agents, colchicine and oryzalin, actually cause alpha-tubulin...

Accumulated to-date gene microarray data on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) represent a rich source for identifying new unsuspected targets and mechanisms of ARDS. The recently developed expression-based genome-wide association study (eGWAS) analysis GEO was successfully used expression comparatively noncomplex adipose tissue, 75 % which is represented by adipocytes. Although lung tissue more heterogenic does not possess prevalent cell type...

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) functions in NAD synthesis, apoptosis, and inflammation. Dysregulation of NAMPT has been associated with several inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The purpose this study was to investigate NAMPT's role using mouse cellular models. Collagen-induced (CIA) DBA/1J Nampt+/- mice evaluated by ELISA, micro-CT, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). In vitro Nampt loss-of-function gain-of-function studies on osteoclastogenesis were examined...

Abstract It is not clear as to whether weight bearing and ambulation may affect bone growth. Our goal was study the role of mechanical loading (one components ambulation) on endochondral ossification longitudinal Thus, we applied cyclical, biologically relevant strains for a prolonged time period (4 weeks) one tibia juvenile mice, while using contralateral an internal control. By end 4‐week period, mean tibial growth loaded tibiae significantly greater than that unloaded tibiae. The height...

The retinoblastoma gene (RB) encodes a tumor suppressor that is inactivated in number of different types cancer. We searched for gross alterations this tumors the central nervous system by using Southern blot hybridization. A common alteration was found several and mapped to region around exon 2. Nucleotide sequencing showed caused 799-bp deletion intron 2 RB probably due homologous recombination between two Alu repeats. Deletions type have not been previously gene. turned out be...

Many anticancer therapies cause serious cardiovascular complications that degrade quality of life and early mortality in treated patients. Specifically, doxorubicin is known as an effective agent causes cardiomyopathy There has been growing interest defining the role endothelial cells cardiac damage by doxorubicin. We have shown present study nuclei accumulate more intravenously administered than other cell types. Doxorubicin enhanced production transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) ligands...

Abstract The single alpha‐tubulin gene of Tetrahymena thermophila was isolated from a genomic library and shown to encode protein. Comparisons the rates evolution this with other sequences revealed that it belongs group more evolutionarily constrained proteins in animals, plants, protozoans versus rapidly evolving fungal variant animal alpha‐tubulins. must be used variety microtubule structures, we suggest equivalently conserved alpha‐tubulins organisms are because they, too,...

Immunoglobulins present in the blood plasma of mice infected with lactate-dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) were found to bind strongly presence 0.05% Tween 20 uncoated surfaces wells certain ELISA plates previously recognized high protein-binding capacity. The binding was readily distinguishable from non-specific background immunoglobulins normal mouse plasma. components absorbed protein A and had molecular weights 150-300 kDa range. Binding purified IgG fraction progressively inhibited...