The ability of lignin-degrading microorganisms to attack degradable plastics was investigated in pure shake flask culture studies. plastic used this study produced commercially by using the Archer-Daniels-Midland POLYCLEAN masterbatch and contained pro-oxidant 6% starch. known bacteria Streptomyces viridosporus T7A, S. badius 252, setonii 75Vi2 fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium were used. Pro-oxidant activity accelerated placing a sheet into drying oven at 70°C under atmospheric pressure...

A new, quantitatively significant intermediate formed during lignin degradation by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A was isolated and characterized. In -inoculated cultures, the intermediate, an acid-precipitable, polyphenolic, polymeric (APPL), accumulated in growth medium. The APPL a water-soluble polymer probably consisting of heterogeneous mixture molecular weight components ≥20,000. APPLs were precipitable from culture filtrates after they had been acidified to pH <3 5. Noninoculated...

Streptomyces setonii strain 75Vi2 was grown at 45 °C in liquid media containing yeast extract and trans-cinnamic acid, p-coumaric ferulic or vanillin. Gas chromatography, thin-layer mass spectrometry showed that cinnamic acid catabolized via benzaldehyde, benzoic catechol; p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzoic protocatechuic acid; vanillin, vanillic acid. When vanillin used as the initial growth substrate, it guaiacol, catechol. The inducible ring-cleavage dioxygenases catechol...

Extracellular culture concentrates were prepared from Streptomyces viridosporus T7A, badius 252, and setonii 75Vi2 shake flask cultures. Ten-day-heat-treated (70 degrees C) starch-polyethylene degradable plastic films incubated with shaking active or inactive enzyme for 3 weeks (37 C). Active illustrated changes in the films' Fourier transform infrared spectra, mechanical properties, polyethylene molecular weight distributions.

The wild-type ligninolytic actinomycete Streptomyces viridosporus T7A and two genetically manipulated strains with enhanced abilities to produce a water-soluble lignin degradation intermediate, an acid-precipitable polymeric (APPL), were grown on lignocellulose in solid-state fermentation cultures. Culture filtrates periodically collected, analyzed for APPL, assayed extracellular lignocellulose-catabolizing enzyme activities. Isoenzymes by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis activity staining...

Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of pretreating defatted soy flakes with ultrasound on protein isolate (SPI) yield and functionality. Defatted dispersed into water (16%, w/w) were sonicated for 30, 60 120 s at ultrasonic amplitudes 21 84 µm pp (peak peak amplitude in µm), representing low high power, respectively. The power densities 0.30 2.56 W mL −1 , SPI increased by 13 34%, after sonication higher level improved solubility 34% pH 7.0, while decreasing emulsification...

The lignocellulose-degrading abilities of 11 novel actinomycete strains isolated from termite gut were determined and compared with that the well-characterized actinomycete, Streptomyces viridosporus T7A. Lignocellulose bioconversion was followed by (i) monitoring degradation [14C]lignin- [14C]cellulose-labeled phloem Abies concolor to 14CO2 14C-labeled water-soluble products, (ii) determining lignocellulose, lignin, carbohydrate losses resulting growth on a lignocellulose substrate prepared...

The goal of this study was to develop a fungal process for ethanol production from corn fiber. Laboratory-scale solid-substrate fermentation performed using the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium in 1 L polypropylene bottles as reactors via incubation at 37 degrees C up 3 days. Extracellular enzymes produced situ by P. degraded lignin and enhanced saccharification polysaccharides percentage biomass weight loss Klason reduction were 34 41%, respectively. Anaerobic following 2 day...

The degradation performance of 11 types commercially produced degradable starch-polyethylene plastic compost bags was evaluated in municipal yard waste sites at Iowa State University (Ames) and Carroll, Dubuque, Grinnell, Iowa. Masterbatches for production were provided by Archer Daniels Midland Co. (Decatur, Ill.), St. Lawrence Starch Ltd. (Mississauga, Ontario, Canada), Fully Compounded Plastics Ill.). Bags differed starch content (5 to 9%) prooxidant additives (transition metals a type...

Degradation of ground and hot-water-extracted corn stover ( Zea mays ) lignocellulose by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A generates a water-soluble lignin degradation intermediate termed acid-precipitable polymeric (APPL). The further catabolism T7A-APPL S. T7A, badius 252, setonii 75Vi2 was followed for 3 weeks in aerated shake flask cultures at 37°C yeast extract-glucose medium containing 0.05% (wt/vol) T7A-APPL. APPL Phanerochaete chrysosporium stationary low-nitrogen 1% glucose Metabolism...

Lignocellulose degradation by Streptomyces viridosporus results in the oxidative depolymerization of lignin and production a water-soluble polymer, acid-precipitable polymeric (APPL). The effects culture pH on cellulose metabolism APPL S. are reported. Dry, ground, hot-water-extracted corn ( Zea mays ) lignocellulose was autoclaved 1-liter reagent bottles (5 g per bottle) inoculated with 50-ml volumes cells suspended buffers specific (pH 6.0 to 9.2 at 0.4 unit intervals). Four replicates...

Forty-two actinomycete strains were isolated by enrichment techniques from soils and other lignocellulose-containing natural habitats. Isolates screened for their lignocellulose-decomposing abilities using a substrate weight loss – 14 C-labeled lignocellulose degradation assay which determined the relative of each isolate to attack lignin versus glucan components lignocellulose. Six Streptomyces selected further study, based upon decompose significantly both The examined under defined...

Streptomyces setonii (strain 75Vi2) was grown at 45 °C in liquid media containing simple aromatic compounds as principal carbon sources. Thin-layer chromatography, UV spectrophotometry, and gas chromatography were used to show that S. converted benzoic acid, guaiacol, vanillic acid catechol; p-hydroxybenzoic protocatechuic acid; m-hydroxybenzoic gentisic acid. Presence of the ring-cleavage enzymes catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase shown both...

Microbial decomposition of lignocellulose in soil was studied using radioisotope techniques. Natural lignocelluloses containing 14 C either their lignin or cellulose (glucan) components were prepared by feeding plants l -[U- C]phenylalanine d C]glucose, respectively, through cut stems. Detailed chemical and chromatographic characterization labeled from three hardwood softwood species showed that those the [ C]glucose incorporation method contained specifically cellulosic components, whereas...

Four thermotolerant actinomycetes from soil, identified as Streptomyces albulus 321, sioyaensis P5, viridosporus T7A, and sp. V7, were grown at 45°C in media containing either benzoic acid or hydroxyl- methoxyl-substituted acids the principal carbon sources. Benzoic was converted to catechol; p -hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, veratric protocatechuic acid; m -hydroxybenzoic gentisic acid. Catechol, acid, cleaved by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, gentisate respectively....