Introduction Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s. s.) is one of the most widespread parasitic nematodes marine organisms, with humans as accidental hosts. While many studies have explored nematode biology and host interactions, role extracellular vesicles (EVs) signaling molecules in less understood. Materials methods Therefore, proteins present EVs A. (Anis-EVs) were identified. In addition, a cross-talk proteomic approach was used to identify differentially regulated (DRPs) proteome human...

SummaryDiet in the winter has a vital effect on survival and condition of honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony spring. The supplementation diet with vitamin C (ascorbic acid) total antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione content, activity 4 antioxidative enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), transferase (GST) brood developing spring was studied. Twelve stages, from newly hatched larvae to emerging adult worker bees were studied, allowing changes profile during...

Resiniferatoxin (RTX), a potent capsaicin analog, is being investigated as therapeutic agent for neurogenic conditions, particularly those affecting bladder control. However, the transcriptomic effects of RTX on urinary remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to characterize changes in porcine trigone region removed seven days post-treatment with intravesical administration (500 nmol per animal 60 mL 5% aqueous solution ethyl alcohol). High-throughput sequencing identified 126...

We studied a total of eight developmental stages capped brood and newly emerged workers Apis mellifera carnica colonies naturally parasitized with Varroa destructor. During winter early spring four were fed syrup containing 1.8 mg vitamin C kg(-1) (ascorbic acid group; group AA) while without the (control C). Selected elements antioxidative system analysed including antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione content enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase S-transferase)....

Ivermectin (IVM), an antiparasitic drug, has a positive effect against Anisakis simplex s.s. infection and been used for the treatment prevention of anisakiasis in humans. However, molecular mechanism action IVM on A. remains unknown. Herein, tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling extensive liquid chromatography coupled with spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis were to identify proteome vitro. During study, 3433 proteins, which 1247 had at least two protein unique peptides, identified. Comparative...

Anisakis simplex L3 larvae infect fish and other seafood species such as squids or octopuses; therefore, humans consuming raw undercooked may become accidental hosts for this parasite. These are induced to enter hypometabolism by cold temperature. It is assumed that sugars (in particular trehalose glycogen) instrumental survival under environmental stress conditions. To elucidate the mechanisms of response in A. simplex, we observed effects starvation temperature on glycogen content,...

The activity of glycogen phosphorylase and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes α-amylase, glucoamylase, trehalase, sucrase was studied in the development Carniolan honey bee, Apis mellifera carnica Pollman (Hymenoptera: Apidae), from newly hatched larva to freshly emerged imago worker drone. Phosphorolytic degradation significantly stronger than hydrolytic all developmental stages. Developmental profiles hydrolase were similar both sexes brood; high found unsealed larvae, lowest prepupae...

Abstract The pathogenesis of varroasis has not been fully explained despite intensive research. Earlier studies suggested that parasitic infections caused by Varroa destructor mites were accompanied immunosuppression in the host organism. objective this study was to analyse influence on one immune pathway Apis mellifera measured expression prophenoloxidase (proPO) gene and enzymatic activity gene’s product, phenoloxidase (EC 1.14.18.1). An evaluation done five developmental stages honey bee...

Trehalose and glycogen metabolism plays an important role in supporting life processes many nematodes, including Anisakis simplex. Nematodes, cosmopolitan helminths parasitizing sea mammals humans, cause a disease known as anisakiasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression genes encoding enzymes involved trehalose glycogen-trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS), trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), (GS), phosphorylase (GP)-in stage L3 L4 larvae A. mRNA all four genes,...

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a severe disease affecting the human venous system, accompanied by high morbidity and mortality rates caused early late complications. The study aimed at analyzing changes in transcriptome of femoral DVT porcine model based on formation thrombus vivo. was performed 11 castrated male pigs: A formed each left six animals; remaining five served as control group. Total RNA isolated from veins experimental animals. High-throughput sequencing used to analyze global...

Introduction: Anisakis simplex are parasitic nematodes that cause anisakiasis. The possibility of infection with this parasite is through consumption raw or undercooked fish products. A. infections often misdiagnosed, especially in subclinical cases do not present typical symptoms such as urticaria, angioedema, and gastrointestinal allergy. resulting allergic reactions range from rapid-onset potentially fatal anaphylactic to chronic, debilitating conditions. While there have been numerous...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental toxin widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics. correlation exists between BPA tissue contamination and occurrence pathological conditions, including cancer. First-passage detoxification high amounts liver promotes hepatotoxicity morphological alterations this organ, but there a lack knowledge about molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena. This prompted us to investigate changes transcriptomics 3-month-old female mice exposed (50...

Abstract The activities of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and phosphatase (TPP) were observed in muscles, individual parts the reproductive system haemolymph Ascaris suum . highest activity TPS was detected upper uterus, while lowest ovary oviduct nematode. Relatively high two remaining uterus. TPP lower length following ovary, central A. Besides TPP, trehalose also studied tissues except cuticle intestine. Glucose present all organs, but concentration found

Anisakis simplex s. is a parasitic nematode of marine mammals and causative agent anisakiasis in humans. The cuticle intestine the larvae are tissues most responsible for direct indirect contact, respectively, parasite with host. At L4 larval stage, tissues, such as intestine, fully developed functional, contrast to L3 stage. As such, this work provides first time tissue-specific proteome A. Statistical analysis (FC ≥ 2; p-value ≤ 0.01) showed that 107 proteins were differentially regulated...

The in vitro effect of ivermectin lethal dose on the activity trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and phosphatase (TPP) expression their mRNA (tps1, tps2, tpp genes) muscle adult female Ascaris suum was investigated. presence medium caused a decrease TPS TPP activities during experiment compared with start control groups. exception group worms grown for 8 hours IVM solution, which there little higher than control. Real-time qPCR analysis showed reduced tps1 unchanged after 20 incubation...

Abstract Trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) synthase (TPS; EC 2.4.1.15) was isolated from muscles of Ascaris suum by ammonium sulphate fractionation, ion-exchange DEAE SEPHACEL TM anion exchanger column chromatography and Sepharose 6B gel filtration. On sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE), 265-fold purified TPS exhibited a molecular weight 66 kDa. The optimum pH temperature the enzyme were 3.8–4.2 35°C, respectively. isoelectric point (pI) 5.4. studied not absolutely...

Glycogen and trehalose are important sources of energy in insects. The expression genes encoding the key metabolic enzymes-glycogen synthase (GS), glycogen phosphorylase (GP), trehalose-6-phosphate (TPS-1), soluble trehalase (Tre-1) membrane-bound (Tre-2)-was analyzed 12 developmental stages Apis mellifera worker brood. content GS GP proteins, TPS activity, total activity Tre-1 Tre-2 were determined. Transcript quantity was not always correlated with encoded or protein. correlation higher...

Abstract The content of carbohydrates in L3 and L4 larvae Anisakis simplex (defined by Rokicki J.) was studied. Glycogen trehalose were their major reserve sugars. concentration saccharides 2–3-times higher than larvae. glycogen 3.68 ± 1.24 mg/g tissue 11.68 1.21 Trehalose represented 16.17 % soluble sugars 43.04 contents maltose, polymers glucose (1.5-times) myoinositol (1.2-times) After starving the parasite for 48 h at 4°C, increased 5-fold that 20 %, while 37°C ca. 30 40 less freshly...