A5055795069- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Family Support in Illness
- Resilience and Mental Health
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Aging and Gerontology Research
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Identity, Memory, and Therapy
University of Cape Town
2014-2024
South African Medical Research Council
2023
Groote Schuur Hospital
2018-2022
Planned Parenthood
2020-2022
University of Pennsylvania
2021
Concordia University
2017
University of Missouri–St. Louis
2016
Westmead Hospital
2003
Armada (Poland)
2002
Recent studies demonstrate that infection with the HIV-1 is associated accelerated aging effects in adults according to a highly accurate epigenetic biomarker of known as clock. However, it not yet whether age acceleration occurs early adolescence perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) youth.
The aim of this study was to apply the HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) criteria for diagnosing HAND in HIV-infected adults, a cohort youth thus establish whether system is able detect spectrum (ND) youth.We used comprehensive pediatric battery, an assessment functional competence, and American Academy Neurology ND cross-sectional (n = 86) HIV-negative controls 34) could (6-16 years).Compared well-matched control group youth, performed significantly more poorly on tests Verbal...
The South African endemic plant Sceletium tortuosum has a long history of traditional use as masticatory and medicine by San Khoikhoi people subsequently European colonial farmers psychotropic in tincture form. Over the past decade, attracted increasing attention for its possible applications promoting sense wellbeing relieving stress healthy individuals treating clinical anxiety depression. pharmacological actions standardized extract (Zembrin) have been reported to be dual PDE4 inhibition...
To describe the effect of HIV on white matter integrity and neurocognitive function in children vertically infected with HIV, compared to a HIV-negative healthy control group.Cross-sectional.We 75 HIV-infected aged 6-16 years, including antiretroviral therapy (ART) those who were ART-naive, 30 controls diffusion tensor imaging neuropsychological battery sensitive fronto-striatal pathology. In secondary analysis, we 'slow progressor' ART-naive children, ART without diagnosis encephalopathy...
In the antiretroviral era, youth perinatally infected with HIV (PHIV+) are surviving into adulthood and at risk for emotional behavioural problems. Few studies of these problems have been conducted in low- middle-income countries even fewer sub-Saharan Africa. The aims this study were to provide a quantitative description group PHIV+ (n = 78) South Africa compared demographically matched HIV-negative controls 30) identify correlates A cross-sectional was employing participants from community...
The impact of HIV and antiretrovirals (ART) on long-term mental health in perinatally infected children has not been well studied sub-Saharan Africa where is most prevalent.Cape Town, South Africa.We investigated measures, including depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, motivation, disruptive behavior, functioning adolescents (PHIV+) stable ART within the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort. Two hundred four living with (median age 10 years; mean CD4 953) a...
In Brief IMPLICATIONS: this case report, we describe the postoperative occurrence of electrocardiogram changes suggestive for Brugada syndrome in a patient receiving continuous epidural bupivacaine infusion. After withdrawal bupivacaine, were reversible. The patient's history was unremarkable except an incomplete right bundle branch block. We conclude that local anesthetics, particularly have potential to induce serious arrhythmias patients with syndrome.
To describe the structural brain changes, neurocognitive and mental health associations in adolescents perinatally infected with HIV-1 infection.Cross-sectional.Two hundred four acquired HIV 44 uninfected frequency-matched controls aged 9-11 years were enrolled within Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort. Diffusion tensor imaging MRI was done to determine fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, grey white matter volumes, cortical thickness surfractional anisotropy area. Correlation...
Addressing women's low uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) requires improved understanding their product preferences. Such preferences should be contextualized according to other aspects reproductive health, including contraception practices. We investigated across 10 PrEP modalities currently available or under study and examined associations between modality Heterosexually active women recently engaged in care at Connecticut Planned Parenthood centers (n = 563) completed an...
To investigate the association between neurocognitive impairment, neuroimaging, and systemic inflammation in perinatally infected adolescents living with HIV (PHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Systemic may be one mechanism driving impairment despite ART, but this has not been investigated adolescence when brain is undergoing rapid development.Cape Town, South Africa.Baseline data were drawn from Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort. PHIV ART >6 months completed a comprehensive...
Accurate assessment of HIV-associated cognitive disorders in perinatally infected children and adolescents is challenging. Assessments general intellectual functioning, or global cognition, may not provide information regarding domain-specific strengths weaknesses, therefore fail to detect, impaired trajectories development within particular domains. We compare the efficacy scores that composite domain detecting a sample HIV-infected children, demographically matched HIV negative control...
Women experiencing incarceration (WEI) in the United States are disproportionately impacted by HIV, yet HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is underutilized women States. In order to inform an intervention promote PrEP initiation during and facilitate linkage care following release from incarceration, we conducted individual, semistructured qualitative interviews with WEI (N = 21) key stakeholders 14). While had little or no previous knowledge about PrEP, they viewed it as something that...
Behavioural health risks, including substance use, early sexual debut, bullying and suicidality, are common during adolescence, but may be complicated among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents. However, there few data exploring these behaviours in sub-Saharan Africa. We compared behavioural risks (any self-report of activity, others or a positive urine toxicology screen) perinatally-infected adolescents ages 9–14 years to that an HIV-uninfected comparator group; explored the effect on...
Perinatal HIV infection has adverse cognitive consequences into adolescence. However, there are no screening tools that assess risk for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in adolescent populations. Such needed urgently clinical care resource-poor settings with a high prevalence of HIV.To investigate the performance International Dementia Scale (IHDS) as tool perinatally adolescents.The current study is quantitative, quasiexperimental design.Perinatally HIV-infected adolescents aged 9-12...