A5065769287- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Forest ecology and management
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Plant Surface Properties and Treatments
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Botanical Research and Applications
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Wood Treatment and Properties
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
Cornell University
2016-2025
New York State College of Agriculture & Life Sciences
2019
Fujian Normal University
2015
Chinese University of Hong Kong
2015
Ithaca College
1988-2015
Carnegie Institution for Science
2011
Chengdu Institute of Biology
2010
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2010
Nanjing University
2010
Chengdu University of Technology
2010
Subject classification:- Earth Sciences: Paleontology Biological Ecology Botany Physiology, Biomechanics, and Morpholog.
Allometry, the study of growth rate an organism's parts in relation to whole, has produced various results research on animals. This text applies allometry studies evolution, morphology, physiology and reproduction plants. The author covers a broad spectrum plant life, from unicellular algae towering trees, including fossil as well extant taxa. He examines between organic size variations form, metabolism, draws zoological literature develop allometric techniques for peculiar problems height,...
A general allometric model has been derived to predict intraspecific and interspecific scaling relationships among seed plant leaf, stem, root biomass. Analysis of a large compendium standing organ biomass sampled across broad sampling taxa inhabiting diverse ecological habitats supports the relations predicted by defines boundary conditions for above- below-ground partitioning. These canonical are insensitive phyletic affiliation (conifers versus angiosperms) variation in averaged local...
This text provides a comprhensive synthesis of modern evolutionary biology as it relates to plants. It recounts the saga plant life from its origins radiation flowering Through computer-generated walks book arrives at forms strikingly similar actual living plants and those distant past, showing how might have evolved. concludes with an extended consideration molecular paleontology.
Angiosperm leaves manifest a remarkable diversity of shapes that range from developmental sequences within shoot and crown response to microenvironment variation among species between communities orders or families. It is generally assumed because photosynthetic are critical plant growth survival, in their shape reflects natural selection operating on function. Several non-mutually exclusive theories have been proposed explain leaf diversity. These include: thermoregulation especially arid...
The allometric relationships for plant annualized biomass production ("growth") rates, different measures of body size (dry weight and length), photosynthetic (or pigment concentration) per cell) are reported multicellular unicellular plants representing three algal phyla; aquatic ferns; terrestrial herbaceous dicots; arborescent monocots, dicots, conifers. Annualized rates growth G scale as the 3/4-power mass M over 20 orders magnitude (i.e., proportional to M(3/4)); length L cell or...
Abstract The softening of fleshy fruits, such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), during ripening is generally reported to result principally from disassembly the primary cell wall and middle lamella. However, unsuccessful attempts prolong fruit firmness by suppressing expression a range wall-modifying proteins in transgenic fruits do not support simple model. ‘Delayed Fruit Deterioration’ (DFD) previously unreported cultivar that provides unique opportunity assess contribution metabolism...
The mechanical behaviour of large foliage leaves in response to static and dynamic forces is reviewed the context a few basic engineering principles illustrated terms species drawn from variety vascular plant lineages. When loaded under their own weight or subjected externally applied forces, petioles simultaneously bend twist, thus mechanically operate as cantilevered beams. stresses that develop reach maximum intensities either at surface very near centroid axes, where they are...
The allometry of tree height with respect to trunk diameter and the distance from top (i.e. taper) were determined for 27 Robinia pseudoacacia trees differing in age size growing an open field. allometric (scaling) exponent was > 1 small young decreased 2/3 then 1/2 as increased. Similarly, taper near tips old trunks converged onto values toward base mature trunks. These observations indicate that a single 'optimal mechanical design principle' elastic, stress or geometric self-similarity)...
Abstract We adopted previous N : P stoichiometric models for zooplankton relative growth to predict the rates of leaves μ L vascular plants assuming that annual leaf in dry mass is dictated by how nitrogen allocated proteins and phosphorus rRNA. This model simplified provided scales as some power function across different species. approach successfully predicted 131 species based on observation that, these species, scaled, average, 3/4 , i.e. ∝ . When juxtaposed with prior allometric theory...
The size-dependent variations of plant height L and mass M with respect to basal stem diameter D are important the analysis a broad range ecological evolutionary phenomena. Prior examination some world's largest trees suggests that scaling relationships alpha D(2/3) D(8/3) hold true, ostensibly as functional adaptations for mechanical stability. This concept remains engrained in literature form null hypotheses (or predictive models), despite numerous examples showing 2/3 8/3 rules violated...
Abstract Ecosystem properties result in part from the characteristics of individual organisms. How these traits scale to impact ecosystem‐level processes is currently unclear. Because metabolism a fundamental process underlying many individual‐ and population‐level variables, it provides mechanism for linking with large‐scale processes. Here we use ecosystem thermodynamics physiology biomass production energy use. Temperature‐corrected rates individual‐level show same body‐size dependence...
A central goal of comparative life-history theory is to derive the general rules governing growth, metabolic allocation, and biomass partitioning. Here, we use allometric predict relationships among annual leaf, stem, root growth rates (GL, GS, GR, respectively) across a broad spectrum seed plant species. Our model predicts isometric scaling all three organ rates: GL proportional GS GR. It also provides conceptual basis for understanding differences in absolute amounts allocated construct...
Although it is commonly assumed that closely related animals are similar in body size, the degree of similarity has not been examined across taxonomic hierarchy. Moreover, little known about variation or consistency size patterns geographic space evolutionary time. Here, we draw from a data set terrestrial, nonvolant mammals to quantify and compare spectrum, hierarchy, continental space, We employ variety statistical techniques including "sib‐sib" regression, phylogenetic autocorrelation,...
The Quaternary has been described as an important time for genetic diversification and speciation. This is based on the premise that climatic conditions fostered isolation of populations and, in some instances, allopatric However, ‘Quaternary Ice–Age speciation model’ rests two key assumptions: (i) biotic responses to climate change during were significantly different from those other periods Earth's history; (ii) mechanisms sufficient space foster These assumptions are addressed by...
More than 5,000 measurements from 1,943 plant species were used to explore the scaling relationships among foliar surface area and dry, water, nitrogen/phosphorus mass of mature individual leaves. Although they differed statistically, exponents for these variables numerically similar six groups (ferns, graminoids, forbs, shrubs, trees, vines) within 19 species. In general, at least one many was <1.0, such that increases in or more features influencing function (e.g., living leaf mass) failed...
The rapid diversification and ecological dominance of the flowering plants beg question "Why are there so many angiosperm species why they successful?" A number equally plausible hypotheses have been advanced in response to this question, among which most widely accepted highlights mutually beneficial animal-plant relationships that nowhere better developed nor more widespread than their biotic vectors for pollination dispersal. Nevertheless, consensus acknowledges other attributes unique or...
Scaling relations among plant traits are both cause and consequence of processes at organ-to-ecosystem scales. The relationship between leaf nitrogen phosphorus is particular interest, as elements essential for metabolism; their limited availabilities often constrain growth, general the two have been documented. Herein, we use a comprehensive dataset more than 9300 observations approximately 2500 species from 70 countries to examine scaling within across taxonomical groups biomes. Power law...