A5079005571- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Plant and animal studies
- Forensic and Genetic Research
Stanford University
2015-2024
Palo Alto Institute
2015-2024
Center for Innovation
2016-2024
Wildlife Conservation Society
2021
Hudson Institute
2019
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2019
National Institute of Anthropology and History
2016
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina
2016
National Centre for Biological Sciences
2013
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
2013
Abstract Efforts to maximise crop yields are fuelling agricultural intensification, exacerbating the biodiversity crisis. Low‐intensity practices, however, may not sacrifice if they support biodiversity‐driven ecosystem services. We quantified value native predators provide farmers by consuming coffee's most damaging insect pest, coffee berry borer beetle ( Hypothenemus hampei ). Our experiments in Costa Rica showed birds reduced infestation ~ 50%, bats played a marginal role, and farmland...
Costa Rican birds of a feather lost together Evolutionary history is when land converted for farming, and recently evolved species may cope better with changing use. Frishkoff et al. compared bird diversity over 12 years in three different kinds landscape tropical Central America. They mapped their data onto the evolutionary tree found that more branches were intensive agricultural landscapes than mixed landscapes. In turn, forest reserves. This not just because loss; fact, contained similar...
Amphibians are a bellwether for environmental degradation, even in natural ecosystems such as Yellowstone National Park the western United States, where species have been actively protected longer than anywhere else on Earth. We document that recent climatic warming and resultant wetland desiccation causing severe declines 4 once-common amphibian native to Yellowstone. Climate monitoring over 6 decades, remote sensing, repeated surveys of 49 ponds indicate decreasing annual precipitation...
Abstract Ecosystem properties result in part from the characteristics of individual organisms. How these traits scale to impact ecosystem‐level processes is currently unclear. Because metabolism a fundamental process underlying many individual‐ and population‐level variables, it provides mechanism for linking with large‐scale processes. Here we use ecosystem thermodynamics physiology biomass production energy use. Temperature‐corrected rates individual‐level show same body‐size dependence...
Although it is commonly assumed that closely related animals are similar in body size, the degree of similarity has not been examined across taxonomic hierarchy. Moreover, little known about variation or consistency size patterns geographic space evolutionary time. Here, we draw from a data set terrestrial, nonvolant mammals to quantify and compare spectrum, hierarchy, continental space, We employ variety statistical techniques including "sib‐sib" regression, phylogenetic autocorrelation,...
Summary: We present Serial SimCoal, a program that models population genetic data from multiple time points, as with ancient DNA data. An extension of SIMCOAL, it also allows simultaneous modeling complex demographic histories, and migration between populations. Further, we incorporate statistical package to calculate relevant summary statistics, which, for the first users investigate power provided by, conduct hypothesis-testing with, explore sample size limitations Availability: Source...
Paleontological information was used to evaluate and compare how Rocky Mountain mammalian communities changed during past global warming events characterized by different durations (350, ∼10,000–20,000, 4 million years) per-100-year rates (1.0°C, 0.1°C, 0.06–0.08°C, 0.0002–0.0003°C per 100 years). Our goals were determine whether biotic changes observed today are characteristic of or accelerated relative what took place clarify the possible trajectory faunal change that climate may initiate....
Multiple episodes of rapid and gradual climatic changes influenced the evolution ecology mammalian species communities throughout Cenozoic. Climatic change abundance, genetic diversity, morphology, geographic ranges individual species. Within these responses interacted to catalyze immigration, speciation, extinction. Combined they affected long-term patterns community stability, functional turnover, biotic diversity. Although relative influence climate on particular evolutionary processes is...
Abstract Land‐use change and climate are driving a global biodiversity crisis. Yet, how species' responses to correlated with their land‐use is poorly understood. Here, we assess the linkages between on birds in Neotropical forest agriculture. Across > 300 species, show that affiliation drier climates associated an ability persist colonise Further, species shift habitat use along precipitation gradient: prefer regions, but agriculture more wetter zones. Finally, forest‐dependent avoid...
Significance Removing megafauna from contemporary ecosystems changes vegetation and small mammal communities over ecological time scales. We show that similar dynamics seem to operate millennial scales but only if the megafaunal loss includes ecosystem engineers in settings also contain plant species susceptible release. Under such conditions, extinction can initiate quickly lead new, lasting states. This implies should some currently at risk for actually become extinct, their characteristic...
We review the expanding role of molecular genetics in emergence a vibrant and vital integrative biogeography. The enormous growth over past several decades number variety molecular-based phylogenetic population studies has become core information used by biogeographers to reconstruct causal connections between historical evolutionary ecological attributes taxa biotas, landscapes seascapes that contain them. A proliferation different approaches, sequences, genomes have provided for...
Before environmental DNA (eDNA) can establish itself as a robust tool for biodiversity monitoring, comparison with existing approaches is necessary, yet lacking terrestrial mammals. Moreover, much unknown regarding the nature, spread and persistence of shed by animals into environments, or optimal experimental design understanding these potential biases. To address some challenges, we compared detection mammals using eDNA analysis soil samples against confirmed species observations from...
Habitat conversion is a major driver of the biodiversity crisis, yet why some species undergo local extinction while others thrive under novel conditions remains unclear. We suggest that focusing on species' niches, rather than traits, may provide predictive power needed to forecast change. first examine two Neotropical frog congeners with drastically different affinities deforestation and document how thermal niche explains tolerance. The more deforestation-tolerant associated warmer...
Abstract Species conservation can be improved by knowledge of evolutionary and genetic history. Tigers are among the most charismatic endangered species garner significant attention. However, their history genomic variation remain poorly known, especially for Indian tigers. With 70% world’s wild tigers living in India, such is critical. We re-sequenced 65 individual tiger genomes representing extant subspecies with a specific focus on from India. As suggested earlier studies, we found strong...
Understanding how climatic change impacts biological diversity is critical to conservation. Yet despite demonstrated effects of perturbation on geographic ranges and population persistence, surprisingly little known the genetic response species. Even less over ecologically long time scales pertinent understanding interplay between microevolution environmental change. Here, we present a study variation by directly tracking size in two geographically widespread mammal species (Microtus...
One of the longest running debates in ecology is whether chance or determinism structures biotic communities, and this question often studied by looking for presence absence community inertia (lack change) over time space. Results have been equivocal. We adopted three tactics a fresh approach: ( i ) allowing answer to vary with geographic, temporal, taxonomic scale study, ii using appropriate reference points amount random biological systems, iii robust approach measurement inertia. examined...
Traits that enable species to persist in ecological environments are often maintained over time, a phenomenon known as niche conservatism. Here we argue niches function at levels above species, notably the level of genus for mammals, and conservatism is also evident level. Using proxy geographic range size, explore changes realized North American mammalian genera families across major climatic transition represented by last glacial–interglacial transition. We calculate mean variance size...