A5076370624- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Climate variability and models
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Plant responses to water stress
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Online Learning and Analytics
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
- Digital Rights Management and Security
- Innovative Teaching Methods
- Digital and Traditional Archives Management
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
University of Technology Sydney
2015-2025
Australian National University
2005-2024
Library of Congress
2015
The University of Adelaide
2007
University of Tasmania
2007
Boise Bible College
2006
Film Independent
2002
University of California, Los Angeles
2002
Angiosperm leaves manifest a remarkable diversity of shapes that range from developmental sequences within shoot and crown response to microenvironment variation among species between communities orders or families. It is generally assumed because photosynthetic are critical plant growth survival, in their shape reflects natural selection operating on function. Several non-mutually exclusive theories have been proposed explain leaf diversity. These include: thermoregulation especially arid...
Abstract Heatwaves are likely to increase in frequency and intensity with climate change, which may impair tree function forest C uptake. However, we have little information regarding the impact of extreme heatwaves on physiological performance large trees field. Here, grew Eucalyptus parramattensis for 1 year experimental warming (+3°C) a field setting, until they were greater than 6 m tall. We withheld irrigation month dry surface soils then implemented an heatwave treatment 4 consecutive...
Abstract Laboratory studies on artificial leaves suggest that leaf thermal dynamics are strongly influenced by the two‐dimensional size and shape of associated boundary layer thickness. Hot environments therefore said to favour selection for small, narrow or dissected leaves. Empirical evidence from real under field conditions is scant traditionally based point measurements do not capture spatial variation in heat load. We used imagery measure time constant (τ) summer leaf‐to‐air temperature...
• Transient lulls in air movement are rarely measured, but can cause leaf temperature to rise rapidly critical levels. The high heat capacity of thick leaves damp this rapid change temperature. However, little is known about the extent which increased thickness reduce thermal damage, or how would need be have biological significance. We evaluated quantitatively contribution small increases reduction damage during critically low wind speeds under desert conditions. employed a numerical model...
Vast areas in the interior of Australia are exposed to regular but infrequent periods heavy rainfall, interspersed with long at high temperatures, little is known carbon budget these remote or how they respond extreme precipitation. In this study, we applied three methods partition net ecosystem photosynthesis into gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R e ) during two years contrasting rainfall. The first year was wet (>250 mm above average rainfall), while precipitation fell...
Abstract One application of plant physiological heat tolerance measurements is the assessment vulnerability to increasing environmental temperatures under climatic change. A thermal safety margin (TSM), difference between and temperature, a common metric for vulnerability. However, there are biological methodological aspects consider when evaluating that have potential substantially alter assessments. Two such include leaf air temperature relationship scale at which data collected. We grew...
Land surface phenology (LSP), the study of seasonal vegetation dynamics from remote sensing imagery, provides crucial information for plant monitoring and reflects responses ecosystems to climate change. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product (MCD12Q2) global LSP information, but it has large spatial gaps in many regions, especially where rainfall influences more than temperature. This aimed improve coverage retrieval these ecosystems. To do so, we used a...
In 1997, Australia implemented a gun buyback program that reduced the stock of firearms by around one-fifth (and nearly halved number gun-owning households). Using differences across states, we test whether reduction in availability affected homicide and suicide rates. We find led to drop firearm rates almost 80%, with no significant effect on non-firearm death The homicides is similar magnitude but less precise. results are robust variety specification checks instrumenting state-level rate.
Abstract Aim Understanding species ability to withstand heat stress is paramount for predicting their response increasing temperatures and decreasing rainfall. Arid systems are subject climatic extremes, where plants, being immobile, live on the frontline of climate change. Our aim was investigate whether: (1) warming tolerance [ WT = difference between a physiological thermal damage threshold ( T 50 ) maximum temperature within its distribution hab )] desert plants higher at high latitudes,...
Summary The frequency and severity of heatwave events are increasing, exposing species to conditions beyond their physiological limits. Species respond heatwaves in different ways, however it remains unclear if plants have the adaptive capacity successfully hotter more frequent heatwaves. We exposed eight tree populations from two climate regions grown under cool warm temperatures repeated moderate (40°C) extreme (46°C) assess Leaf damage maximum quantum efficiency photosystem II ( F v / m )...
Plants are foundational to terrestrial ecosystems and because they sessile, particularly reliant on physiological plasticity respond weather extremes. However, variation in conserved transcriptomic responses temperature extremes not well described across plants from contrasting environments. Beyond molecular responses, photosystem II (PSII) thermal tolerance traits widely used assay plant tolerance. To explore options for improving the prediction of capacity we investigated stress 20 native...
• This study investigates the functional significance of heterophylly in Ginkgo biloba, where leaves borne on short shoots are ontogenetically distinct from those long shoots. Short compact, with minimal internodal elongation; their supplied water through mature branches. Long extend canopy and have significant expanding receive a shoot that is itself maturing. Morphology, stomatal traits, hydraulic architecture, Huber values, transport efficiency, situ gas exchange laboratory-based...
Abstract Most plant thermal tolerance studies focus on single critical thresholds, which limit the capacity to generalise across and predict heat stress under natural conditions. In animals microbes, landscapes describe more realistic, cumulative effects of temperature. We tested this in plants by measuring decline leaf photosynthetic efficiency ( F V / M ) following a combination temperatures exposure times then modelled these physiological indices alongside recorded environmental...
ABSTRACT Single‐vein leaves have the simplest hydraulic design possible, yet even this linear water delivery system can be modulated to improve physiological performance. We determined optimal distribution of transport capacity that minimizes pressure drop per given investment in xylem permeability along needle for a length without change total delivery, or maximizes difference between petiole and tip. This theory was tested by comparative analysis three pine species differ their needles [...
Summary In gender dimorphic species, reproductive allocation (RA, the ratio of to vegetative biomass) is predicted be greater in female plants than male plants. Empirical research on plant species supports this hypothesis. To date, 44 angiosperms for which RA has been reported literature, females males 40 equal four, and no it males. many instances where differential occurs, sexual dimorphism morphological or physiological traits reported. This often attributed differing costs reproduction...
Despite the importance of leaf traits that protect against critically high temperatures, relationships among such have not been investigated. Further, while some trait are well documented across biomes, little is known about associations within a biome. This study investigated between nine leaves excessively temperatures in 95 Australian arid zone species. Seven morphological were measured: area, length, width, thickness, mass per water content, and an inverse measure pendulousness. Two...
Sexual dimorphism in dioecious plant species is widely attributed to the differential impacts of reproduction on male v. female plants. We investigated sexual reproductive, morphological and physiological traits Maireana pyramidata (Benth.) Paul G.Wilson (Chenopodiaceae), a dioecious, semi-arid shrub endemic Australia. estimated reproductive allocation for each sex by calculating relative biomass allocated flowers fruits per gram leaf tissue, based one branch sample plant. Morphological...
There are numerous structural and cultural barriers to the progression of women marginalized groups leadership in academia, especially Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics Medicine (STEMM). A range interventions have been described address this inequity, with varying success. Here, we suggest that sponsorship could be one effective intervention propose an institutional action plan implement a program academia. We outline why strategy, if implemented through deliberate by...
Heatwaves are increasingly occurring out-of-season, which may affect plants not primed for the event. Further, heat stress often coincides with water and/or nutrient stress, impairing short-term physiological function and potentially causing downstream effects on reproductive fitness. We investigated response of water-stressed arid-zone Solanum oligacanthum orbiculatum to spring vs summer under differing conditions. Heat events were imposed in open-topped chambers situ desert To assess...