On a 23 ha urban watershed, 10 km East of Paris, rainwater tanks have been installed on 1/3 the private parcels to prevent stormwater sewer overflows. This paper investigates macroscopic effect harvesting runoff, and thus potential this technique for source control. The analysis is performed using SWMM 5 model, calibrated rainfall- runoff measures from two measurement campaigns, before after equipment. availability data-sets allows authors point out changes in catchment's behaviour. main...

A substantial database of annual metal runoff loads, obtained from a 14-month field exposure campaign on 12 different roofing materials at two sites within Paris conurbation, is presented herein. Thirteen metallic species have been considered. comparison among the various yields ranking their pollution potential, which highlights that aluminum, coated products, and stainless steel display lower emission levels, before zinc copper materials. Lead appear to release more species, tend do so in...

The practice of rainwater harvesting (RWH) is spreading rapidly in urban areas. This article studies the impact a possible generalization this for municipalities by proposing new method to quantify potential potable water savings (PPWS) using at level. proposed based on adaptation an already validated model assessing PPWS single buildings and use databases. Two concepts are introduced: (1) “building type” that allows gathering all sharing common features; (2) “equivalent building,” which...

At the building scale, green roof has demonstrated a positive impact on urban runoff (decrease in peak discharge and volume). This work aims to study if similar impacts can be observed at basin scale. It is particularly focused possibility solve some operational issues caused by storm water.For this purpose, methodology been proposed. combines: method estimate maximum area that covered roof, called roofing potential, an rainfall-runoff model able simulate hydrological behaviour of roof.This...

This document proposes a methodology for assessing the quality of water distribution service in context intermittent supply, based on comparison joint results from literature reviews and feedback drinking operators who had managed these networks, with standards defining service. The paper begins by reviewing proposing an analysis definition characterization supply (IWS), highlighting some important findings. diversity approaches used to address issue difficulty precise detailed history...

In Algeria, at the present time, there are no rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS) registered with public authorities as an alternative to water supply. This is explained by numerous factors, most important being inhabitants? acceptance. The aim of this article investigate current level acceptance RWHS a viable method for backing up supply system. Our hypothesis that can be improved increasing awareness benefits RWHS. For purposes study, located in northern Algeria was designed, and its were...

This paper is based on a prospective scenario of development rainwater harvesting (RWH) given large urban area (such as metropolitan or region). In such perspective, new method proposed to quantify the related potential potable water savings (PPWS) indicator this type by adapting reference model usually used building level. The four setting-up principles: gathering (definition buildings-types and municipalities-types), progressing (use an intermediate level), increasing (choice upper...

On constate aujourd'hui en France un mouvement de diversification des ressources eau domestique. Parmi celles-ci, la recuperation et l'utilisation l'eau pluie utilisee suscitent interet croissant. Longtemps cantonnee a zones depourvues d'infrastructures collectives, voire (jardins ouvriers, iles ou refuges haute montagne), elle se manifeste facon plus visible dans les urbanisees, nombre croissant projets concretise tant l'echelle maison individuelle, qu'a celle bâtiments collectifs (lycees,...

The collection, storage and use of rainwater from roofs reduce the need for potable water. However, if water suppliers are to decrease their infrastructure costs as well operational (due savings), system has provide most time a significant percentage demand. This paper adopts viewpoint investigates how reliable this source is in case housing estate, considering WC flushing only A estate was modelled different realistic input scenarios (water demand flushing, capacity, roof area, rainfall)...

Many studies have shown that roofing materials are an important source of metals in urban runoff. Today, the context European Water Directive (2000/60 CE), quantification these emissions is necessary, and thus development assessment tools needed. This study focuses on a small catchment (drained by separative sewer system). Atmospheric fallout, road runoff, roof runoff total at outlet were sampled. The aim (1) to verify contribution metallic flows Zn Pb scale (2) try model using some models...

The privatization of water supply and institutional restructuring management – through decentralization the penetration global firms in local regional markets have been promoted as solutions to increase economic efficiency achieve universal sanitation coverage. Yet a significant share service provision resources development remains responsibility public authorities. papers this issue with case evidence from Argentina, Chile, France, USA, other countries address critical questions that...

Abstract Within a very short period of time, the Buenos Aires metropolitan region has implemented number different water and sanitation service models: federal welfare model (Obras Sanitarias de la Nación, OSN, created in 1912), regional decentralized (1981), concessions to private sector (1993), new public organization (2006). Analysis various facets sustainability this Argentine cities demonstrates that it seems approach OSN model, but with territorial limitations some features inherited...

Since the end of 1990s, rainwater harvesting (RWH) has been growing in France. A first regulatory framework, constituted mainly by an Order 21 August, 2008, helped to strengthen this practice, but also introduced some limitations development RWH. Considering social demand and possible issues for water resources, it is likely that framework will evolve. In order anticipate these changes, foreign case studies may be very instructive. Based on a detailed analysis eight countries all continents...

Résumé Depuis le début des années quatre-vingt-dix, les délégations de services urbains à compagnies privées se sont multipliées en Amérique latine. Si ce nouveau paradigme gouvernance urbaine fait parfois l’objet d’une résistance au niveau local conduisant freiner, voire ajourner certains projets, il est rare d’assister leur rejet après adoption. Tel pourtant cas deux échecs délégation survenus récemment dans secteur l’eau et l’assainissement Tucuman (Argentine) Cochabamba (Bolivie). Dans...

The source separation of human excreta (urine and/or feces) offers an alternative to conventional sanitation systems (flush toilets/public sewers) that is appealing in several respects, especially environmental terms and for agricultural purposes, as a natural fertilizer from local renewable resources. In France, the separate collection have previously been confined rural sphere mainly implemented at individual scale. However, since 2010s, experimental projects observed urban areas, scale...

Abstract The quantity of Potential for Potable Water Savings (PPWS) made using rainwater harvesting differs between municipalities within the same region. Three main parameters contribute to this difference: roof area, number inhabitants and use scenarios. This article proposes a spatial numerical analysis how these influence PPWS across in Paris agglomeration. A comparison location municipalities, value values previous was used understand observed difference. shows that (districts) have...

Due to global urbanization, urban areas are encountering many environmental, social, and economic challenges. Different solutions have been proposed implemented, such as nature-based green blue infrastructure. Taking into consideration exogenous factors that associated with these is a crucial question assess their possible effects. This study examines the explanatory evolution until year 2054 of several in Île-de-France region: wastewater heat-recovery, surface geothermal energy,...