In Brief BACKGROUND: Sugammadex is a modified γ cyclodextrin compound, which encapsulates rocuronium to provide for rapid reversal of residual neuromuscular blockade. We tested the hypothesis that sugammadex would more moderately profound rocuronium-induced blockade than commonly used cholinesterase inhibitors, edrophonium and neostigmine. METHODS: Sixty patients undergoing elective surgery procedures with standardized desflurane–remifentanil–rocuronium anesthetic technique received either...

In Brief BACKGROUND: Pregabalin is a gabapentinoid compound, which has been alleged to possess anxiolytic, analgesic, and anticonvulsant properties. We hypothesized that premedication with oral pregabalin would produce dose-related reductions in acute (state) anxiety increases sedation (sleepiness) before induction of general anesthesia. A secondary objective was determine if reduce postoperative pain. METHODS: One hundred eight ASA I–III outpatients undergoing elective surgery were randomly...

Three different anesthetic techniques were compared in 146 healthy outpatients undergoing ambulatory surgery. In Groups I and II, anesthesia was induced with propofol (1.5-2.0 mg/kg, intravenously [iv]) maintained nitrous oxide (N2O) 60% oxygen either a infusion, 75-160 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 IV, or sevoflurane, 1%-2% end-tidal, respectively. Group III, 1%-4% end-tidal N2O oxygen. addition to at total gas flow of 3 L/min, all patients received fentanyl, 2-3 micrograms/kg vecuronium, 0.1 mg/kg...

Non-opioid analgesics are often used to supplement opioids for the management of perioperative pain. In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, we examined effects acetaminophen and a cyclooxygenase type-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, when administered alone or in combination, before elective otolaryngologic surgery 112 healthy outpatients. Subjects were assigned 1 4 study groups: Group 1, placebo (vitamin C, 500 mg per os [PO]); 2, 2000 PO; 3, celecoxib 200 4, PO. All patients...

There is no agreement as to appropriate fluid resuscitation in patients undergoing liposuction. This has assumed greater significance, surgeons have undertaken larger volume aspirations (> or = 4 liters) and the potential complications of hypovolemia overload materialized. prospective study 53 consecutive healthy liposuction using a superwet technique served develop general guidelines for safe perioperative management, especially regard large-volume aspirations. In this context, "aspirate"...

Autonomic reflex dysfunction in patients with diabetes is associated an increased incidence of hypotension after induction anesthesia. Whether this finding can be extrapolated to autonomic from other causes (e.g., advanced age, hypertension, altered ventricular function) has not been established.The authors investigated whether a more generalized patient group (26 consecutively consenting day-surgery older than 39 yr) was similarly the occurrence induction. Preoperative tests function...

Background The antiepileptic drug carbamazepine (CBZ) is a potent inducer of human metabolism, resulting in serious interactions with many commonly prescribed drugs. molecular mechanisms underlying this response are not well understood, however, and the spectrum CBZ-inducible genes liver has been thoroughly investigated. Methods availability ribonucleic acid from 2 epileptic patients treated CBZ 7 control subjects enabled us to study global induction drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters,...

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to compare the relative efficacy of prophylactic ondansetron, 4 mg intravenously (IV), when administered before induction anesthesia or at end surgery an outpatient population high risk developing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Patients undergoing otolaryngologic were randomly assigned one three different treatment groups: Group I (placebo) received saline 5 mL prior again surgery; II ondansetron in III surgery. All...

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to compare the relative efficacy of prophylactic ondansetron, 4 mg intravenously (IV), when administered before induction anesthesia or at end surgery an outpatient population high risk developing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Patients undergoing otolaryngologic were randomly assigned one three different treatment groups: Group I (placebo) received saline 5 mL prior again surgery; II ondansetron in III surgery. All...

Recently, the Food and Drug Administration increased celecoxib dosage recommendation from 200 mg to 400 for acute pain management. No studies have directly compared analgesic efficacy of different doses prevention postoperative pain. In this prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, we oral when administered premedication outpatients undergoing minor ear-nose-throat surgery. A total 93 healthy were assigned 1 3 study groups: control (placebo; n = 30), (n or 33). The drug was...

We designed this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to compare the analgesic effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors rofecoxib and celecoxib with acetaminophen when administered before outpatient otolaryngologic surgery in 240 healthy subjects. Patients were assigned one four groups: Group 1, control (vitamin C 500 mg); 2, 2 g; 3, 200 mg; or 4, 50 mg. The first oral dose medication was 15–45 min surgery, a second same given on morning after surgery. Recovery times, side...

The optimal dose and timing of 5-HT3 antagonist administration for prophylaxis against postoperative nausea vomiting (PONV) remains controversial. Although antagonists seem to be most effective when administered near the end surgery, there are no data on comparative efficacy or costs associated with dolasetron ondansetron at operation. In this double-blinded study, 200 outpatients undergoing otolaryngologic procedures a standardized general anesthetic received 4 (O4) 8 mg (O8) 12.5 (D12.5)...

Background Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are commonly administered as part of a multimodal regimen for pain management in the ambulatory setting. This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was designed to compare analgesic effect oral rofecoxib, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, and acetaminophen when alone or combination prior outpatient otolaryngologic surgery. Methods A total 143 healthy outpatients undergoing elective surgery were assigned one four groups: group 1 =...

We evaluated the effect of transdermal scopolamine on incidence postoperative nausea and vertigo after outpatient ear surgery (exploratory tympanotomy, mastoidectomy, or endolymphatic sac oval round window surgery) in a double-blind, placebocontrolled study. A patch containing either (n = 19) placebo 20) was placed behind nonsurgical 2 h before surgery. Anesthesia induced with thiopental (4–6 mg/kg intravenously [IV]), sufentanil(0.5 μg/kg IV), vecuronium (0.1 IV) maintained isoflurane...

In Brief Using a randomized, double-blind protocol design, we compared new lower-lipid emulsion of propofol (Ampofol®) containing 1%, soybean oil 5%, and egg lecithin 0.6% with the most commonly used formulation (Diprivan®) respect to onset action recovery profiles, as well intraoperative efficacy, when administered for induction maintenance general anesthesia part "balanced" anesthetic technique in 63 healthy outpatients. Anesthesia was induced sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg (or fentanyl 1 μg/kg) 2...

Propofol (Diprivan™; AstraZeneca, Wilmington, DE) is a commonly used drug for the induction of general anesthesia in ambulatory setting. With availability new bisulfite-containing generic formulation propofol, questions have arisen regarding its cost effectiveness and safety compared with Diprivan™. Two hundred healthy outpatients were randomly assigned, according to double-blinded protocol, receive either Diprivan™ or propofol 1.5 mg/kg IV as part standardized sequence. Maintenance...

This study compared the Macintosh blade direct laryngoscope, Glidescope, C-Mac d-Blade, and McGrath MAC X-blade video laryngoscopes in 2 cadaveric models with severe cervical spinal instability. We hypothesized that Glidescope laryngoscope would allow for intubation least amount of spine movement. Our secondary endpoints were glottic visualization success.In total, fresh cadavers underwent maximal surgical destabilization from craniocervical junction to cervicothoracic by a neurosurgical...

Abstract Background Multimodal perioperative analgesia including acetaminophen is recommended by current guidelines. The comparative efficacy of intravenous vs oral in sinus surgery unknown. We aimed to determine whether or results superior postoperative following surgery. Methods This was a prospective randomized trial with blinded endpoint assessments conducted at single large academic medical center. Subjects undergoing functional endoscopic were addition standard anesthetic and surgical...

A new self-tuning regulator for control of mean arterial blood pressure using sodium nitroprusside is presented. In addition to adapting various patient response gains and time constants, the controller can accommodate variations in pure delays, a problem that has not been addressed fully previously proposed controllers. The algorithm derivation based on incorporating self-turning with an adaptive discrete delay compensator. derivation, however, general potentially be applied other...

To determine the optimal dose of nicardipine (N) for maintenance hemodynamic stability during postinduction period, we designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study using four different doses N administered after standardized anesthetic induction sequence. A total 106 patients were assigned to one following treatment groups: saline (control), 0.5 mg (N0.5), 1 (N1), 2 (N2), and 4 (N4). The medication was intravenously (I.V.) in 2.5 mL over 30 s min before...

To determine the optimal dose of nicardipine (N) for maintenance hemodynamic stability during postinduction period, we designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study using four different doses N administered after standardized anesthetic induction sequence. A total 106 patients were assigned to one following treatment groups: saline (control), N0.5 mg (N0.5), N1 (N1), N2 (N2), and N4 (N4). The medication was intravenously (IV) in 2.5 mL over 30 s 2 min before...

Background The cuffed oropharyngeal airway is a modified Guedel-type oral with cuff at its distal end. objectives of this study were to compare the ability and laryngeal mask provide positive-pressure ventilation during general anesthesia, assess their relative ease use reduce total fresh gas flow rates. Methods In prospective, randomized study, (n = 25) or device was inserted after induction anesthesia intravenously using 2 mg/kg propofol. While maintained sevoflurane nitrous oxide, leak...