We report the fabrication and characterization of a reversible resonant frequency tunable antenna based on liquid metal actuation. The is composed coplanar waveguide fed monopole stub printed copper-clad substrate, tunnel-shaped microfluidic channel linked to metal. gallium-based can be injected withdrawn from in response an applied air pressure. treated with hydrochloric acid eliminate oxide layer, associated wetting/sticking problems, that arise exposure ambient environment. Elimination...

IV knee walk-out in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) on a Sapphire substrate is analyzed using dynamic radio frequency (RF) load-lines acquired with large signal network analyzer (LSNA) for both continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed-IV/RF excitations. When thermal effects traps are bypassed pulsed-IV biasing pulsed-RF excitations, the observed CW found to be effectively suppressed device delivers maximum output power expected class A operation. It also demonstrated measurements...

In this article, we have reviewed various advanced broadband and pulsed measurement techniques which been developed for sampler-based NVNAs. We seen that the RF modulation capability of sampler based NVNAs was not limited by IF bandwidth its receiver. Two methods pulsed-RF, pulsed-bias measurements were also presented. The method on concept multiple recordings enables one to achieve pulsed-RF with 0 dB desensitization (no dynamic range degradation) even very low duty cycles. Real-time active...

We report an oxidized liquid metal droplet-based energy harvester that converts acoustic into electrical by modulating double layer originates from the deformation of droplet. Gallium-based alloy has been developed for various applications owing to outstanding material properties, such as its high conductivity (metallic property) and unlimited deformability (liquid property). In this study, we demonstrated harvesting using between wave-modulated droplet two electrodes. The proposed consisted...

We report a liquid metal microstrip antenna on printing paper whose resonant frequency was tunable by folding the paper. The gallium-based alloy used as metal, which is instantly oxidized in ambient air. easily wettable surfaces, while it non-wettable laser-printed toner surfaces. An with 3 mm wide and 39 long copper-liquid overlapped-feedline linked to rectangle-shaped patch (40 × 31 mm2) designed. pattern printed using laser printer. A soaked roller rolled paper, resulting where there no...

We present the performance of an RF amplifier and digital modulation techniques in presence high-power electromagnetic interference (EMI) to provide existing next generation communication systems with critical information. An advanced measurement setup comprised a large-signal network analyzer is used characterize adverse effects EMI on device characteristics power schemes. Furthermore, our analysis incorporated hybrid numerical tools, such as S-parameter method carry out extensive schemes...

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) is an emerging new technology for wireless personal area networks (WPAN) and based on IEEE 802.153a standard. The frequency range of operation between 3.1-10.6 GHz, which divided into several band groups. LNA in our paper operable at the first group UWB that 3.1-4.8 GHz range. designed laid out a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process with 1.8-V power supply. Simulation shows achieves 2-GHz bandwidth minimum gain variation, two voltage modes 20dB 15dB respectively noise figure...

In this work, a high efficiency p-HEMT radio frequency power amplifier (PA) is designed using new multiharmonic real-time active load-pull the large signal network analyzer. This technique synthesizes set of instantaneous load mismatches to quickly find optimal harmonic impedances, so as achieve PA in shortened design cycle. At 2 GHz demo implemented with demonstrated added (PAE) 68.5% for 18.0 dBm output power, while achieving maximum PAE 75% below 1 dB compression point 18.6 power.

Real-time active load-pull (RTALP) characterization of power transistors with a large signal network analyzer (LSNA) has the benefit greatly accelerating design amplifiers. However RTALP been so far limited to devices operating under CW excitations and constant biasing was therefore mostly applicable small memory effects. In TDMA communication or radar systems, amplifiers are excited by pulsed modulated RF signals operate biasing. For such applications measurement modulated/pulsed biasing/RF...

Model-based nonlinear embedding is applied for the first time to design of an asymmetrically-driven class-F Chireix power amplifier (PA). The model a 15 W GaN HEMT used determine optimum load impedances fundamental and multi-harmonics required at package reference planes such that two intrinsic transistors operate with recently reported ideal current-based combiner. A symmetric circuit topology so phase offset combiner maintained through from packaged nodes up drive generators. Unlike...

A new pulsed-IV pulsed-RF measurement system using a large signal network analyzer (LSNA) is proposed to address the problem of desensitization afflicting conventional systems. Several extraction methods entire spectrum measured by are presented extract non-desensitized S-parameters transistor. The comparison calculated least-square fitting in time domain with those only fundamental tone reveals significant increase dynamic range achieved scheme.

To accelerate the speed of RF power amplifier design, a novel ultra-fast real-time active load-pull measurement based on large signal network analyzer (LSNA) is presented. Real-time conventionally uses single-tone excitation at transistor's output to achieve time varying load impedance. However this approach still requires multiple measurements different levels map Smith Chart and determine optimal termination. This paper proposes modulated two-tone method for mapping in single 10 ms LSNA...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A novel pulsed class-B load–pull measurement system is developed to characterize GaN HEMTs targeting the design of high-efficiency or class-C power amplifiers operating under a pulsed-bias and pulsed-RF (pulsed-<emphasis emphasistype="boldital">IV</emphasis>/RF) condition. Based on large-signal network analyzer, test uses an active method provide stable open-loop loads into drain at <formula...

We investigated frequency tunability of a microfluidic-based antenna using on-demand manipulation gallium-based liquid metal alloy. The fluidic was fabricated by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and filled with the alloy (Galinstan®). It is composed digital number "7"-shaped feedline, square-shaped "6"-shaped patterns, which are all implemented metal. adhered to channel surface due its viscous oxide layer originating from gallium forming when it exposed air environment. treated hydrochloric acid...

A versatile real-time multi-harmonic active load-pull system based on the large signal network analyzer (LSNA) is developed for design of class F RF power amplifiers (PA). The approach previously demonstrated fundamental-impedance tuning extended here to higher harmonic impedances and a supportive theory provided. method GaN HEMT device. added efficiency 80.96% at 2 GHz.

The linearization of RF power amplifiers (PA) can benefit from the availability generalized Volterra coeflicients characterizing its non-linear response. In this work a large-signal network analyzer is used to acquire amplitude and phase 3rd intermodulation terms Y <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m3-</sub> xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m3+<sub> an LDMOSFET PA. frequency dependence difference between Y_m3-...

The modeling and balancing of IQ modulators the development linearization techniques for power amplifiers (PA) such as output baseband modulation (OBM) benefit from availability linear nonlinear MIMO Volterra system parameters involving both RF signals. A triggered LSNA is reported this purpose. By synchronizing measurements with generation modulation, signals a stable envelope can be acquired. Applied to an modulator facilitates measurement correlation between I Q at RF, effectively...

A large-signal measurement-based methodology to design oscillators using the Kurokawa theory is presented in this paper. Measurements of negative input resistance and device line a 2.5GHz HEMT oscillator versus frequency power, its optimization real-time active load-pull (RTALP) for 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> 3 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> harmonics are performed with large signal network...

This study presents a measurement-based methodology to efficiently design harmonic-loaded oscillator at targeted frequency using the novel multi-harmonic real-time active load-pull (RT-ALP) technique. Owing speed of RT-ALP technique procedure is quasi-interactive. Simulations were first used stable negative resistance around 2.5 GHz series feedback with variable tapped capacitor tune in desired band. The device lines then measured for characterising negative-resistance versus input power...

To provide a proper load impedance termination under class-B operation, for pulsed-IV biasing and pulsed-RF (pulsed-IV/RF) excitations, an adaptive harmonic active is presented. Pulsed-IV/RF measurement the technique of choice characterization modeling RF devices as it guarantees that transistor not afflicted by low-frequency memory effects. It also promising to assist with design efficient pulsed power-amplifiers TDMA or radar applications. In this work multi-harmonic load-pull used CW...