Understanding tissue biodistribution and clearance of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) is necessary for its risk assessment. Both fed intraperitoneally injected ZnO-NPs (2.5 g/kg) were absorbed into circulation (within 30 min post-dosing), then biodistributed to the liver, spleen, kidney. Intraperitoneally remained in serum 72 h could more effectively spread heart, lung, testes, whereas began 6 after oral administration. Compared with microparticles (ZnO-MPs), exhibited much higher...

Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are being increasingly used as constituents in cosmetics, biosensors, bioimaging, photothermal therapy, and targeted drug delivery. This elevated exposure to Au-NPs poses systemic risks humans, particularly associated with the biodistribution of their potent interaction biological barriers. We treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells comprehensively examined expression levels tight junction (TJ) proteins such occludin, claudin-5, junctional adhesion...

// Chen-Wei Liu 1 , Ching-Hao Li 2,3 Yi-Jen Peng 4 Yu-Wen Cheng 5 Huei-Wen Chen 6 Po-Lin Liao 5,6 Jaw-Jou Kang and Mao-Hsiung Yeng 7 Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Center, Taipei, Taiwan 2 Department Physiology, School Medicine, College Taipei University, 3 Sciences, Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Pharmacy, Toxicology, Pharmacology, Correspondence: Yen, email: Kang, Keywords : Snail, Nanog, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell, Smad, Akt,...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Shikonin exhibits a wide range of anti‐inflammatory actions. Here, we assessed its effects on maturation murine bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BM‐DCs) and allergic reactions in model asthma. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cultured BM‐DCs were used to investigate the shikonin expression cell surface markers their stimulation T‐cell proliferation cytokine production. The therapeutic potential was evaluated airway disease. KEY RESULTS dose‐dependently inhibited major...

Blue light-induced phototoxicity plays an important role in retinal degeneration and might cause damage as a consequence of smartphone dependency. Here, we investigated the effects periodic exposure to blue light-emitting diode cell model rat model. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells were subjected light vitro on activation key apoptotic pathways examined by measuring levels Bcl-2, Bax, Fas ligand (FasL), Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD), caspase-3 protein. treatment RPE...

Abstract Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major microvascular complication of diabetes, leads to retinal vascular leakage, neuronal dysfunction, and apoptosis within the retina. In this study, we combined STZ with whole-body hypoxia (10% O 2 ) for quicker induction early-stage in C57BL/6 mice. We also compared effects high glucose condition (1% low by using pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which are crucial component outer blood-retinal barrier damage is related retinopathy. retina DM/hypoxic...

Abstract The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that highly expressed in multiple organs and tissues. Whereas AhR mediates the metabolism of xenobiotic endogenous compounds, its novel function cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains controversial. Autophagy also participates tumour progression through functions cell homeostasis facilitates adaptation to EMT progression. In present study, we found AhR-regulated autophagy positively...

Abstract Development of the cerebellum requires precise regulation granule neuron progenitor (GNP) proliferation. Although it is known that primary cilia are necessary to support GNP proliferation, exact molecular mechanism governing dynamics within GNPs remains elusive. Here, we establish pivotal roles for centrosomal kinase TTBK2 (Tau tubulin kinase-2) and E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 in We show highly expressed proliferating under Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling, coinciding with active...

The study used clinical data to develop a prediction model for breast cancer survival. Breast prognostic factors were explored using machine learning techniques. We conducted retrospective from the Taipei Medical University Clinical Research Database, which contains electronic medical records three affiliated hospitals in Taiwan. included female patients aged over 20 years who diagnosed with primary and had between January 1, 2009 December 31, 2020. divided into training external testing...

Aim: The extensive development of nanoparticles (NPs) and their widespread employment in daily life have led to an increase environmental concentrations substances that may pose a biohazard humans. aim this work was examine the effects zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs) on host's pulmonary immune system response nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) infection. Materials & Methods: A murine infection model employed assess inflammation bacterial clearance exposure ZnO-NPs. molecular mechanisms...

Abstract Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited photoreceptor-degenerative disease, and neuronal degeneration in RP exacerbated by glial activation. Cassia seed (Jue-ming-zi) a traditional herbal medicine commonly used to treat ocular diseases Asia. In this report, we investigated the retina-protective effect of chrysophanol, active component seed, N -methyl- -nitrosourea (MNU)-induced mouse model RP. We determined that chrysophanol inhibited functional morphological features MNU-induced...

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, has been studied extensively in carcinogenesis through the genomic pathway. In recent years, AHR also reported to exert positive or negative effects on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), crucial step tumor malignant progression. However, detailed mechanism remains controversial. Analysis of AHR-expression levels non-small cell lung cancer lines and tissues revealed an inverse correlation between protein invasion...

N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E) and other bisretinoids are components of lipofuscin accumulate in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells-these adducts recognized the pathogenesis degeneration. Further, blue light-emitting diode (LED) light (BLL)-induced toxicity plays an important role Here, we demonstrate that low-luminance BLL enhances phototoxicity A2E-laden RPE cells rats. were subjected to synthetic A2E, effects on activation apoptotic biomarkers examined by measuring levels...

The explosive development of nanotechnology has caused an increase in unintended biohazards humans and the ecosystem. Similar to particulate matter, nanoparticles (NPs) are strongly correlated with incidences cardiovascular diseases, yet mechanisms behind this correlation remain unclear. Within testing concentrations 0.1–10 μg/ml, which did not cause a marked drop cell viability, zinc oxide NPs (ZnO-NPs) induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) messenger RNA, protein expression...

Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia) is an indigenous traditional herb in Southern Asia. Its powdered root has been processed to produce health supplements, but no detailed toxicology report available. In this study, neither mutagenicity nor clastogenicity was noted, and acute oral LD50 more than 6 g/kg b.w. After 4-week subacute 13-week subchronic exposure paradigms (0, 0.6, 1.2, 2 b.w./day), adverse effects attributable test compound were not observed with respect body weight, hematology,...

Blue light is part of the natural spectrum that emits high energy. Currently, people are frequently exposed to blue from 3C devices, resulting in a growing incidence retinopathy. The retinal vasculature complex, and vessels not only serve metabolic needs sublayers, but also maintain electrolyte homeostasis by forming inner blood-retinal barrier (iBRB). iBRB, which primarily composed endothelial cells, has well-developed tight junctions. However, with exposure light, risks targeting cells...

Glial activation and neuroinflammatory processes play important roles in the pathogenesis of brain abscess neurodegenerative diseases. Activated glial cells can secrete various proinflammatory cytokines neurotoxic mediators, which contribute to exacerbation neuronal cell death. The inhibition has been shown alleviate conditions. present study was investigate specific HDAC8 inhibitor WK2-16, especially its effects on responses through inactivation. WK2-16 significantly reduced gelatinolytic...

Glaucoma is considered a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive visual field defects that may lead to blindness. Although controlling intraocular pressure (IOP) the mainstay of glaucoma treatment, some patients have unmet needs due unclear pathogenic mechanisms. Recently, there has been growing evidence neuroinflammation potential target for development novel antiglaucoma agents. In this study, we investigated protective effects and cellular mechanisms H7E, small molecule...

Daxx, a human cell death-associated protein, was isolated as Tcf4-interacting using yeast two-hybrid screen. Co-immunoprecipitation in HEK-293T cells and screen Y190 were performed to identify the interaction between Tcf4 with Daxx map binding regions of Tcf4. In nucleus, reduced DNA activity repressed transcriptional activity. Overexpression altered expression genes downstream Tcf4, including cyclin D1 Hath-1, induced G1 phase arrest colon cancer cells. A reduction protein also observed...

Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for glaucoma that has been found to induce matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activation and result in eventual retinal dysfunction. Proinflammatory cytokines such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were also be involved disease progression by mediating MMP-9 production. We previously reported fungal derivative theissenolactone C (LC53) could exert ocular protective effects suppressing...

High endogenous levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) contribute to hypoxia signaling pathway inhibition following exposure the potent AhR ligand benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and could alter cellular homeostasis disease condition. Increasing evidence indicates that might compete with nuclear translocator (ARNT) for complex formation hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) transactivation, which several physiological variables. Nuclear coactivator 2 (NcoA2) is a transcription regulates factor...