A5038492023- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Problem and Project Based Learning
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Innovative Teaching Methods
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Phosphodiesterase function and regulation
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Innovations in Medical Education
- Innovations in Educational Methods
- Tracheal and airway disorders
- Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Animal testing and alternatives
The University of Western Australia
2009-2024
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
2023
University of Minho
2023
Goa Medical College
2022
Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research
2002-2007
University of Ulster
1999
Belfast City Hospital
1999
Johns Hopkins University
1992-1994
Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Research Center
1994
Classification of muscarinic receptors in the central airways has revealed coexistence M2 and M3 this tissue, with subtype being predominant. Although have been linked to airway smooth muscle contraction, a functional role for tissue unclear. In nonairway muscle, stimulation receptor shown be associated inhibition adenylyl cyclase. present study, characterization canine tracheal confirmed that majority these were (89 +/- 3%), minor population (11 3%). studies, both isoproterenol forskolin...
1 The ability of guinea-pig trachea to release an epithelium-derived relaxant factor (EpDRF) was assessed in a co-axial bioassay system. 2 Histamine (100 μm) and methacholine (25 caused endothelium-dependent relaxation rat isolated aorta, presumably via the endothelium-derived (EDRF). In contrast, endothelium-denuded aorta did not relax response these agents. 3 EDRF detected system, consisting intact rabbit tube (EDRF donor) strip (assay preparation). These results indicated transfer from...
The Core Concepts of Pharmacology (CCP) initiative is developing educational resources to transform pharmacology education into a concept-based approach. This study evaluated the quality global educator-created MCQs in generating items for concept inventory (PCI) instrument and developed as resource learning fundamental concepts. A panel 22 experts recruited from CCP research team participated MCQ pilot database design evaluation. analysis framework included four assessment tools: item...
Human rhinovirus is a key viral trigger for asthma exacerbations. To date, murine studies investigating rhinovirus-induced exacerbation of allergic airways disease have employed systemic sensitisation/intranasal challenge with ovalbumin. In this study, we combined human-rhinovirus infection clinically relevant mouse model aero-allergen exposure using house-dust-mite in an attempt to more accurately understand the links between and exacerbations asthma. Adult BALB/c mice were intranasally...
Pharmacology education currently lacks a research-based consensus on which core concepts all graduates should know and understand, as well valid reliable means to assess conceptual learning. The Core Concepts in Expert Group (CC-PEG) from Australia New Zealand recently identified set of pharmacology first step toward developing concept inventory-a tool learner attainment concepts. In the current study, CC-PEG used established methodologies define each then unpack its key components. working...
Pharmacology education currently lacks an agreed knowledge curriculum. Evidence from physics and biology indicates that core concepts are useful effective structures around which such a curriculum can be designed to facilitate student learning. Building on previous work, we developed novel, criterion-based method identify the of pharmacology education. Five novel criteria were developed, based literature search, separate in topics facts. Core big ideas, enduring, difficult, applicable across...
In human isolated bronchial preparations, the endothelin B (ET ) receptor‐selective agonist, sarafotoxin S6c (Stx6c; 1 nM) increased nerve‐mediated contraction in response to electrical field stimulation (EFS) at 0.5‐1 Hz from 19±4% 42±7% ( n = 9). This effect was blocked presence of ET antagonist, BQ‐788 (10 μ m ). These data are consistent with findings some animal species that ET‐1 and related peptides have marked neuromodulatory influences on cholinergic system. Furthermore, they provide...
An epithelium‐derived inhibitory factor (EpDIF) released by guinea‐pig tracheal epithelium was evaluated in a co‐axial bioassay system consisting of an epithelium‐intact tube surrounding endothelium‐denuded rat aortic strip. Histamine and several muscarinic agonists induced concentration‐dependent relaxation phenylephrine‐contracted aorta via the release EpDIF. However, other did not induce EpDIF from trachea. These included nicotinic cholinoceptor nicotine (25 μ m ),...
Airway relaxation in response to isoprenaline, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and electrical field stimulation (EFS) was compared under static dynamic conditions. The capacity of relaxants reduce airway stiffness and, thus, potentially contribute bronchodilation also investigated. Relaxation responses were recorded fluid filled bronchial segments from pigs conditions during volume oscillations simulating tidal twice manoeuvres. Bronchodilation assessed the reduction carbachol-induced lumen...
Pharmacology is a biomedical discipline taught in basic science and professional degree programs. In order to provide information that would facilitate pharmacology curricula be refined developed, approaches teaching updated, national survey was undertaken Australia investigated course content, summative assessment methods. Twenty-two institutions participated purpose-built online questionnaire, which enabled an evaluation of 147 courses 10 different degrees. To enable comparison, degrees...
Human bronchial rings were contracted with histamine (3 microM), and inhibitory responses obtained electrical field stimulation (EFS) in the presence of propranolol (1 atropine indomethacin microM). These nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) relaxations frequency-dependent to 32 Hz) inhibited by either tetrodotoxin or Nw-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 100 The selective cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) type IV inhibitors rolipram microM) Ro 20-1724 significantly potentiated NANC at each...
The aim of this study was to assess the influence endothelin-1 (ET-1) on cholinergic nerve-mediated contractions in rat isolated tracheal smooth muscle by use electrical-field stimulation (EFS) and [3H]choline efflux studies. EFS (80 V, 0.5 ms, 0.1-30 Hz for 10 s) evoked transient, frequency-dependent preparations. Contractions were abolished presence atropine or tetrodotoxin, which suggests they mediated acetylcholine (ACh) release from nerves. ETB receptor-selective agonist sarafotoxin S6c...
In healthy individuals, deep inspirations (DIs) taken prior to a bronchial challenge reduce the bronchoconstrictor response, which is termed "bronchoprotection". The mechanism(s) of DI-induced bronchoprotection unclear. forced oscillation technique was used assess effect DI on subsequent bronchoconstriction methacholine (MCh) in BALB/c mice. We assessed likely mechanisms for bronchoprotective effects including reduced airway narrowing (from changes resistance) and/or closure (changes tissue...
SUMMARY In this study, we assessed the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of a previously developed direct agglutination test (DAT) using freeze-dried antigen derived from Leishmania infantum promastigotes composed in prototype kit for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) diagnosis, named DAT-LPC. To evaluate DAT-LPC reproducibility, was used to analyse 207 serum samples VL patients 80 with other parasitic infections or healthy subjects four laboratories different public health...
In adults, respiratory movements, such as tidal and deep breaths, reduce airway smooth muscle force cause bronchodilation. Evidence suggests that these beneficial effects of oscillatory strain do not occur in children, possibly because reduced coupling the airways to lung tissue or maturational differences intrinsic response strain.The bronchodilator were compared isolated segments from immature (3-4 weeks 8-10 old) mature (18-20 pigs. The lumen fluid-filled bronchi was volume-oscillated...
Abstract Responsible conduct in learning and research (RCLR) was progressively introduced into the pharmacology curriculum for undergraduate science students at The University of Western Australia. In second year this curriculum, a lecture introduces to issues such as use animals teaching responsible research. Third student groups deliver presentations on topics including scientific integrity human subjects Academic staff attending these provide feedback participate discussions. Students...
<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> To explore the experiences of family physicians and pediatricians delivering immunizations, including perceived barriers supports. <h3>Design</h3> Qualitative study using focus groups. <h3>Setting</h3> Ten cities throughout British Columbia. <h3>Participants</h3> A total 46 or general practitioners, 10 pediatricians, 2 residents. <h3>Methods</h3> semistructured dialogue guide was used by a trained facilitator to participants’ views related immunization...