A5084218164- Gut microbiota and health
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter Research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Dye analysis and toxicity
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Digestive system and related health
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Immune cells in cancer
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
McMaster University
2019-2025
Population Health Research Institute
2019-2024
Aside from centrally induced trained immunity in the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood by parenteral vaccination or infection, evidence indicates that mucosal-resident innate immune memory can develop via a local inflammatory pathway following mucosal exposure. However, whether results integrating distally generated immunological signals vaccination/infection is unclear. Here we show subcutaneous Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induce alveolar macrophages (AMs) lung. Although BCG trains...
Chemicals in food are widely used leading to significant human exposure. Allura Red AC (AR) is a highly common synthetic colorant; however, little known about its impact on colitis. Here, we show chronic exposure of AR at dose found commonly consumed dietary products exacerbates experimental models colitis mice. While intermittent more akin typical exposure, mice for 12 weeks, does not influence susceptibility However, during early life primes heightened In addition, induces mild colitis,...
Elevated gut serotonin inhibits autophagy via mTOR promoting a disrupted microbiota and enhanced susceptibility to colitis.
Abstract Although the exact etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is unknown, studies have shown that dysregulated immune responses, genetic factors, gut microbiota, and environmental factors contribute to their pathogenesis. Intriguingly, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) seems be a molecule with increasingly strong implications in pathogenesis intestinal inflammation, affecting host physiology, including autophagy as well microbial composition function. 5-HT may also play...
Abstract Background The intestinal mucus layer in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract acts as a physical protective barrier against luminal contents and potential invaders. Goblet cells, specialized subset of epithelial play large role synthesizing secreting mucins, which are structural building blocks layer. terminal differentiation maturation these goblet cells regulated by sterile alpha motif (SAM) pointed domain ETS family transcription factor (SPDEF). cell biology is one most effective host...
Abstract Background The intestinal mucus layer prevents commensal microbes and luminal pathogens from interacting with invading into the underlying epithelium. Goblet cells are predominantly responsible for maintaining this through production secretion of mucins. Alterations in goblet cell responses observed various gastrointestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). differentiation maturation is controlled by several genes. Recently it was shown that SAM pointed domain...
Alterations in goblet cell biology constitute one of the most effective host responses against enteric parasites. In gastrointestinal (GI) tract, millions bacteria influence these by binding to pattern recognition receptors such as toll-like (TLRs). Studies suggest that gut microbiota also interacts bidirectionally with parasites, including Trichuris muris. Here, we study roles T. muris-altered and TLR2-SPDEF axis parasitic defense. acute muris infection, observed altered composition, which,...
Macrophage adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) limits the development of experimental colitis. AMPK activation inhibits NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages during inflammation, while increased NOX2 expression is reported models colitis inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Although there are reductions activity IBD, it remains unclear whether targeted inhibition presence...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses several debilitating chronic gastrointestinal (GI) inflammatory disorders, including Crohn's and ulcerative colitis. In both conditions, mucosal inflammation is a key clinical presentation associated with altered serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) signaling. This 5-HT signaling also found across various animal models of Of the 14 known receptor subtypes, type 7 (5-HT
Abstract Background Akkermansia muciniphila, an anaerobic gram-negative bacteria, accounts for ~3% of human gut microbiota. Despite its mucolytic nature, A. muciniphila has been shown to stimulate mucin production, enhance anti-inflammatory regulatory T cell proliferation and improve barrier integrity. Interestingly, inverse relationship established between several disease states including inflammatory bowel (IBD) suggesting it may have protective effects. However, the precise role mechanism...
Abstract Background Goblet cells (GCs) are the major source of mucin which main components mucus layer that represents front line innate defense in gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Hyperplasia GCs and increased production observed many enteric nematode infections such as Trichuris muris infection. Increased contributes to parasite clearance by trapping inhibiting motility. The GI tract contains trillions commensal microbes, these microbes control from activating different signaling cascades....
Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterised by chronic intestinal inflammation, is hypothesised to arise from the interplay between susceptibility genes, immune system, environmental factors, and gut microbiota. Akkermansia muciniphila a symbiotic bacterium that accounts for 1-5% of human fecal This microbe has been hailed as next-generation probiotic, principally with regard its plethora beneficial host interactions, including ability influence mucin secretion...
Abstract Background Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), an enteric signalling molecule mainly produced by the enterochromaffin (EC) cells of intestinal epithelium regulates various processes gut. Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1) is rate-limiting enzyme 5-HT biosynthesis in EC cells. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and experimental colitis, there are alterations content microbiota composition Previously we reported, Tph1-deficient (Tph1-/-) mice with reduced gut exhibit susceptibility...