Mullite (3Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO ) is becoming increasingly important in electronic, optical, and high‐temperature structural applications. This paper reviews the current state of mullite‐related research at a fundamental level, within framework phase equilibria, crystal structure, synthesis, processing, properties. Phase equilibria are discussed terms problems associated with nucleation kinetics mullite large variations observed solid‐solution range. The incongruent melting behavior now widely...

Valves on the plant epidermis called stomata develop according to positional cues, which likely involve putative ligands (EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTORS [EPFs]) and receptors (ERECTA family receptor kinases TOO MANY MOUTHS [TMM]) in Arabidopsis . Here we report direct, robust, saturable binding of bioactive EPF peptides ERECTA family. In contrast, TMM exhibits negligible EPF1 but EPF2. The forms homomers vivo. On other hand, associates with not itself. While exhibit complex redundancy,...

Enamel forms the outer surface of teeth, which are complex shape and loaded in a multitude ways during function. has previously been assumed to be formed from discrete rods markedly aniostropic, but marked anisotropy might expected lead frequent fracture. Since fracture is not observed, we measured enamel organization using histology, imaging, mechanics modalities, compared with crystalline hydroxyapatite (Hap), its major component. was approximately three times tougher than geologic Hap,...

▪ Abstract Molecular biomimetics can be defined as mimicking function, synthesis, or structure of materials and systems at the molecular scale using biological pathways. Here, inorganic-binding polypeptides are used building blocks to control assembly formation functional inorganic hybrid for nano- nanobiotechnology applications. These selected via phage cell surface display technologies modified by biology tailor their binding multifunctionality properties. The potential this approach in...

Despite extensive recent reports on combinatorially selected inorganic-binding peptides and their bionanotechnological utility as synthesizers molecular linkers, there is still only limited knowledge about the mechanisms of peptide binding to solid surfaces. There is, therefore, much work that needs be carried out in terms both fundamentals solid-binding kinetics effects primary secondary structures recognition materials. Here we discuss constraints imposed FliTrx-selected gold-binding upon...

The adsorption kinetics of an engineered gold binding peptide on surface was studied by using both quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy systems. originally selected as a 14-amino acid sequence cell display then to have 3-repeat form (3R-GBP1) with improved characteristics. Both sets data for 3R-GBP1 were fit Langmuir models extract thermodynamics parameters. In SPR, the onto shows biexponential behavior this is explained effect bimodal topology...

With the use of differential thermal analysis, X‐ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopic techniques, we showed that γ‐Al 2 O 3 type spinel phase is solely responsible for 980°C exotherm in kaolinite‐to‐mullite reaction series. Transmission characterization indicated formation preceded by a separation amorphous dehydroxylated kaolinite matrix. Chemical analysis energy dispersive spectroscopy revealed nearly pure Al composition.

Abstract We have used the FliTrx cell surface display system to identify disulfide‐constrained dodecapeptides binding semiconducting metal oxides Cu 2 O and ZnO. Sequence analysis of inserts revealed that two populations exhibit similar, yet subtly different patterns amino acid usage. Both sets binders were enriched in arginine, tryptophan, glycine with a higher degree positional preference case binders. Tyrosine, proline, serine underrepresented both populations. Peptides electrodeposited...

Prevention of bacterial colonization and consequent biofilm formation remains a major challenge in implantable medical devices. Implant-associated infections are not only cause implant failures but also their conventional treatment with antibiotics brings further complications due to the escalation multidrug resistance variety species. Owing unique properties, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained significant attention as effective agents combat microorganisms. These been shown exhibit...

We report selection and characterization of hydroxyapatite-binding heptapeptides from a peptide−phage library demonstrate the effects two peptides, with different binding affinities structural properties, on mineralization calcium phosphate mineral. In vitro studies carried out using one strong- weak-binding peptide, HABP1 HABP2, respectively, revealed that former exhibited drastic outcome kinetics particle morphology. Strong-binding peptide yielded significantly larger crystals, as observed...

Self-assembly of proteins on surfaces is utilized in many fields to integrate intricate biological structures and diverse functions with engineered materials. Controlling at bio-solid interfaces relies establishing key correlations between their primary sequences resulting spatial organizations substrates. Protein self-assembly, however, remains an engineering challenge. As a novel approach, we demonstrate here that short dodecapeptides selected by phage display are capable self-assembly...

Direct molecular detection of biomarkers is a promising approach for diagnosis and monitoring numerous diseases, as well cornerstone modern medicine drug discovery. Currently, clinical applications are limited by the sensitivity, complexity low selectivity available indirect methods. Electronic 1D 2D nano‐materials such carbon nanotubes graphene, respectively, offer unique advantages sensing substrates simple, fast ultrasensitive biomolecular binding. Versatile methods, however, have yet to...

Abstract The biological control of inorganic crystal formation, morphology, and assembly is interest to biologists biotechnologists studying hard tissue growth regeneration, as well materials scientists using biomimetic approaches for the material fabrication assembly. Biomimetics requires an accurate understanding natural mechanisms at molecular level. Such can be derived from use metal surfaces study surface recognition by proteins together with combinatorial genetics techniques selection...

Abstract Motivation: The discovery of solid-binding peptide sequences is accelerating along with their practical applications in biotechnology and materials sciences. A better understanding the relationships between binding affinities or specificities will enable further design novel peptides selected properties interest both engineering medicine. Results: bioinformatics approach was developed to classify by vivo techniques according inorganic properties. Our performs all-against-all...