A5051764425- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Université Laval
2016-2025
North Carolina Central University
2025
Montreal Heart Institute
2010-2024
Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec
2014-2023
Lung Institute
2022
Hôtel-Dieu de Québec
2021
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2018
Boston Children's Hospital
2018
Harvard University
2018
Centre hospitalier de l'Université Laval
2004-2016
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is vital for proper thermogenesis during cold exposure in rodents, but until recently its presence adult humans and contribution to human metabolism were thought be minimal or insignificant. Recent studies using PET with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) have shown the of BAT humans. However, whether contributes cold-induced nonshivering has not been proven. Using 11C-acetate, 18FDG, 18F-fluoro-thiaheptadecanoic acid (18FTHA), a fatty tracer, we quantified oxidative...
In humans, the prevalence, mass, and glucose-uptake activity of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG)-detected brown adipose tissue (BAT), which are expectedly enhanced by a cold stimulus, also appear modulated other factors that still have to be disentangled.The objective study was investigate determining (18)F-FDG-detected BAT in humans.We retrospectively analyzed all (18)F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography examinations performed between January 2007 December 2008 at our...
The most common pathology associated with obesity is insulin resistance, which results in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Several studies have implicated mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway obesity. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E–binding (eIF4E-binding) proteins (4E-BPs), repress by binding to eIF4E, are downstream effectors mTOR. We report that combined disruption 4E-BP1 and 4E-BP2 mice increased their sensitivity diet-induced Increased adiposity was...
Recent studies examining brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism in adult humans have provided convincing evidence of its thermogenic potential and role clearing circulating glucose fatty acids under acute mild cold exposure. In contrast, early indications suggest that BAT is defective obesity type 2 diabetes, which may important pathological therapeutic implications. Although many mammalian models demonstrated the phenotypic flexibility this through chronic exposure, little known about...
Both brown adipose tissue (BAT) and skeletal muscle activation contribute to the metabolic response of acute cold exposure in healthy men even under minimal shivering. Activation intracellular lipolysis is associated with BAT upon men. Although glucose uptake per volume important, bulk turnover during mediated by when shivering minimized.Cold stimulates sympathetic nervous system (SNS), triggering cold-defence responses mobilizing substrates fuel thermogenic processes. these processes have...
Spontaneous glucose uptake by brown adipose tissue (BAT) is lower in overweight or obese individuals and diabetes. However, BAT metabolism has not been previously investigated patients with type 2 diabetes during controlled cold exposure. Using positron emission tomography 11C-acetate, 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (18FDG), 18F-fluoro-thiaheptadecanoic acid (18FTHA), a fatty tracer, oxidative perfusion nonesterified (NEFA) turnover were determined men well-controlled age-matched control subjects...
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of cold on brown adipose tissue (BAT) energy substrate utilization in vivo using positron emission tomography tracers [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (glucose uptake), 14(R,S)-[18F]fluoro-6-thiaheptadecanoic acid [nonesterified fatty (NEFA) uptake], and [11C]acetate (oxidative activity). measurements were performed rats adapted 27°C, which acutely subjected (10°C) for 2 6 hours, chronically 10°C 21 days, returned 27°C hours. Cold exposure...
The estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha) is an orphan member of the superfamily nuclear hormone receptors expressed in tissues that preferentially metabolize fatty acids. Despite molecular characterization ERRalpha and identification target genes, determination its physiological function has been hampered by lack a natural ligand. To further understand vivo ERRalpha, we generated analyzed Estrra-null (ERRalpha-/-) mutant mice. Here show ERRalpha-/- mice are viable, fertile display no...
Abstract Adipose tissue located within the abdominal cavity has been suggested to be functionally and metabolically distinct from that of subcutaneous compartment. These differences could play a role in obesity‐related complications. The aim this study was compare gene expression profiles visceral adipose tissues 10 nondiabetic, normolipidemic obese men. Affymetrix human U133A arrays (10 for fat samples samples) were used. Differential confirmed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction subset...
We report here the cloning and functional analysis of a novel homologue mitochondrial carriers predominantly expressed in central nervous system referred to as BMCP1 (brain mitochondrialcarrier protein-1). The predicted amino acid sequence this carrier indicates level identity 39, 31, or 30%, toward oxoglutarate carrier, phosphate adenine nucleotide translocator, respectively, 34, 38, 39% with uncoupling proteins UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, respectively. Northern mouse, rat, human tissues demonstrated...
Leptin regulates food intake in adult mammals by stimulating hypothalamic anorexigenic pathways and inhibiting orexigenic ones. In developing rodents, fat stores are low, yet circulating leptin levels high do not appear to regulate intake. We determined whether two appetite-related neuropeptides [neuropeptide Y (NPY) proopiomelanocortin (POMC)] behavior sensitive [3 mg/kg body weight (BW), ip] neonates. measured the effects of 1) acute administration (3 BW, ip, 3 h before testing) on...
A precise understanding of neural circuits controlling lipid mobilization and thermogenesis remains to be determined. We have been studying the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) contributions white adipose tissue (WAT) lipolysis largely in Siberian hamsters. Central melanocortins are implicated control outflow WAT, and, moreover, melanocortin 4 receptors (MC4-R) appear principally involved. previously found that acute third ventricular melanotan II (MTII; an MC3/4-R agonist) injections...
Abstract In rodents, brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in producing heat to defend against the cold and can metabolize large amounts of dietary fatty acids (DFA). The BAT DFA metabolism humans is unknown. Here we show that mild stimulation (18 °C) results a significantly greater fractional extraction by relative skeletal muscle white non-cold-acclimated men given standard liquid meal containing long-chain acid PET tracer, 14( R , S )-[ 18 F]-fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic (...
Muscle-derived thermogenesis during acute cold exposure in humans consists of a combination cold-induced increases skeletal muscle proton leak and shivering. Daily results an increase brown adipose tissue oxidative capacity coupled with decrease the shivering intensity. Improved coupling between electromyography-determined activity whole-body heat production following acclimation suggests maintenance ATPase-dependent ATPase independent thermogenesis. Although daily did not change fibre...