Lithologically diverse shales were collected from two different proliferous basins, namely, the Korba (SM) and Raniganj Basin (BK) in India, experimented with at an isothermal condition using CO2 N2 as probe gases low-pressure gas adsorption method, demonstrating disparity between shale pore attributes surface roughness. The is one of potential sites for storage production India needs to be explored terms statistics. Literature reviews demonstrate that characteristics changes depth, organic...

Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as persistent toxicants in the recent decade. MPs are reported to present different samples such soil, water, wastewater, and human including placenta, urine etc. Recent studies its presence drinking water. water is of concern research because associated with several toxicities animal models human. The presented review focused on understanding abundance, sources, detection, analysis, biotechnological approaches for degradation. paper discusses distribution,...

Kashi is known as ancient living city of the world and famous abode Lord Shiva. Rishi Maharshi all sects religion do Yog sadhana here since beginning weather Sage Agastya in Satyug or Vyas Dwapar. There are many scriptural descriptions related to genesis worship Shiva also about creation Kashi. Poet Charu Sheel Singh records his poem spiritual cultural centre ‘city death’. The rare combination mystical, mythical, historical philosophical imagination Prof. creates a which not entirely new but...

The Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistor (FeFET) is an emerging Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technology enabling novel data-centric architectures that go far beyond von Neumann principles. Nevertheless, FeFET devices exhibit significant variations can severely restrict their applicability. Temperature further exacerbates variation effects because it degrades ferroelectric parameters. Hence, indispensable to investigate and model design-time variations, run-time stochastic due spatial...

Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is an emerging learning paradigm that has gained a lot of attention due to its ability train with fewer data, lightweight implementation, and resiliency against errors. Similar the brain, HDC can learn patterns in one iteration from small training data by similarity metric such as Hamming distance. Ferroelectric Field-Effect-Transistor (FeFET) based Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) been demonstrated excellent candi-date for this metric. However,...

For the first time, we propose a novel circuit for dynamic 2-input XNOR gate that merely employs two n-type Fully-Depleted Silicon on Insulator (nFDSOI) FETs along with one additional precharging pFDSOI FET. Our design exploits threshold voltage (V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> ) tuning feature (i.e., 1ow-V and high-V states) of FDSOI FET using back bias as input. The front is used second proposed reduces number...

Neuromorphic and in-memory computing architectures using emerging nonvolatile memories (e-NVMs) have emerged as promising solutions for area-and energy-efficient deep neural network (DNN) accele-rators. However, the inherent nonideal behavior of e-NVMs such limited tuning precision (for multibit synapses), nonlinearity, temporal (cycle-to-cycle), spatial (device-to-device) variability significantly degrades performance DNN accelerators. Recently, binary networks (BNNs), with 1-bit weights...

In this paper, we propose a non-traditional design of dynamic logic circuits using Fully-Depleted Silicon on Insulator (FDSOI) FETs. FDSOI FET allows the threshold voltage ( <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V_t</i> ) to be adjustable (i.e., low-Vt and high-Vt states) by back gate bias. Our utilizes front gates an as input terminals proposes (like; NAND, NOR, AND, OR, XOR, XNOR) half adder full adder). It requires...

In this article, we have developed a comprehensive modeling framework to explain the switching characteristics of BEOL-compatible ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) with an amorphous IGZO channel. Our TCAD-based framework, calibrated against measurement data, jointly incorporates: 1) distributed channel; 2) physics-based nucleation-limited dynamics model for multidomain polarization ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

Monolithic 3D integration represents a major breakthrough in the quest for high-density, energy-efficient systems. Ferroelectric thin-film transistors (Fe-TFT) have garnered increasing attention due to their outstanding capability realizing brain-inspired computing and compatibility with back-end-of-the-line (BEOL) fabrication process. Nevertheless, monolithic ICs inevitability suffer from excessive temperatures which degrade device characteristics degrading system performance. In this work,...

&lt;p&gt;We have developed a comprehensive modeling framework to explain the switching characteristics of BEOL-compatible FeFET with an amorphous IGZO channel. Our TCAD-based framework, calibrated against measurement data, jointly incorporates a) distributed channel, b) physics- based nucleation-limited dynamics model for multi- domain ferroelectric polarization (PFE) and c) domain-domain interaction. To our knowledge, this is first demonstration physics-based FeFET. reproduces explains...

Monolithic 3-D (M3D) integration of logic circuits and memory devices has been the most desired strategy for overcoming von Neumann bottleneck. Amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${a}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -IGZO) is a suitable low-temperature material M3D integration. A ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) addresses nonvolatile challenges...

Ternary content addressable memory (TCAM), widely used in network routers and high-associativity caches, is gaining popularity machine learning data-analytic applications. Ferroelectric FETs (FeFETs) are a promising candidate for implementing TCAM owing to their high ON/OFF ratio, non-volatility, CMOS compatibility. However, conventional single-gate FeFETs (SG-FeFETs) suffer from relatively write voltage, low endurance, potential read disturbance, face scaling challenges. Recently,...

With the rapidly expanding applications of artificial intelligence (AI), quest for hardware acceleration to foster high-speed and energy-efficient AI computation has become ever more important. In this work, we first explore performance energy advantages employing classical with conventional systolic multiply-accumulate (MAC) arrays. We then highlight growing importance monolithic 3D integration as a transformative strategy, moving beyond constraints von Neumann architectures. also discuss...

&lt;p&gt;Today's data-centric applications are incompatible with the predominant compute-centric computer architectures. The small on-chip memories of architecture demand many energy-costly data transfers exposing von-Neumann bottleneck. Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistor (FeFET) is an emerging Non-Volatile Memory technology enabling novel architectures that go far beyond von-Nuemann principles. FeFETs very promising for a wide range starting from to in-memory computing and even...

With the emergence of Internet Things (IoT), deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used in different domains, such as computer vision, healthcare, social media, and defense. The hardware-level architecture a DNN can be built using an in-memory computing-based design, which is loaded with weights well-trained model. However, hardware-based systems vulnerable to model stealing attacks where attacker reverse-engineers (REs) extracts In this work, we propose energy-efficient defense technique...