G. C. Hilton
A5009147998- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design
- Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
- Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Superconductivity in MgB2 and Alloys
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
National Institute of Standards and Technology
2015-2024
Sensors (United States)
2009-2024
Quantum Devices (United States)
2013-2023
Paul Scherrer Institute
2015-2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova
2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I
2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
2023
University of Genoa
2023
Institut Laue-Langevin
2023
Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian
2020-2022
(abridged for arXiv) We report results from the BICEP2 experiment, a cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimeter specifically designed to search signal of inflationary gravitational waves in B-mode power spectrum around $\ell\sim80$. The telescope comprised 26 cm aperture all-cold refracting optical system equipped with focal plane 512 antenna coupled transition edge sensor 150 GHz bolometers each temperature sensitivity $\approx300\mu\mathrm{K}_\mathrm{CMB}\sqrt{s}$. observed South Pole...
We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2, Keck Array, and BICEP3 CMB polarization experiments up to including 2018 observing season. add additional Array observations at 220 GHz 95 previous 95/150/220 dataset. The Q/U maps now reach depths 2.8, 8.8 μK_{CMB} arcmin 95, 150, GHz, respectively, over effective area ≈600 square degrees ≈400 150 GHz. achieve a signal-to-noise ratio on polarized dust emission exceeding that Planck 353 take auto- cross-spectra between...
This Letter reports the results from a haloscope search for dark matter axions with masses between 2.66 and 2.81 μeV. The excludes range of axion-photon couplings predicted by plausible models invisible axion. unprecedented sensitivity is achieved operating large-volume at subkelvin temperatures, thereby reducing thermal noise as well excess ultralow-noise superconducting quantum interference device amplifier used signal power readout. Ongoing searches will provide nearly definitive tests...
SCUBA-2 is an innovative 10000 pixel bolometer camera operating at submillimetre wavelengths on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). The has capability to carry out wide-field surveys unprecedented depths, addressing key questions relating origins of galaxies, stars and planets. With two imaging arrays working simultaneously in atmospheric windows 450 850 microns, vast increase count means that maps sky 100-150 times faster than previous SCUBA instrument. In this paper we present...
We describe the design of a new polarization sensitive receiver, spt-3g, for 10-meter South Pole Telescope (spt). The spt-3g receiver will deliver factor ~20 improvement in mapping speed over current spt-pol. sensitivity enable advance from statistical detection B-mode anisotropy power to high signal-to-noise measurements individual modes, i.e., maps. This lead precise (~0.06 eV) constraints on sum neutrino masses with potential directly address mass hierarchy. It allow separation lensing...
We present constraints on cosmological and astrophysical parameters from high-resolution microwave background maps at 148 GHz 218 made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) in three seasons of observations 2008 to 2010. A model primary secondary foreground is fit map power spectra lensing deflection spectrum, including contributions both thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect kinematic (kSZ) effect, Poisson correlated anisotropy unresolved infrared sources, radio correlation between tSZ...
Gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background generates a curl pattern in observed polarization. This "B-mode" signal provides measure projected mass distribution over entire observable Universe and also acts as contaminant for measurement primordial gravity-wave signals. In this Letter we present first detection gravitational B modes, using first-season data from polarization-sensitive receiver on South Pole Telescope (SPTpol). We construct template B-mode by combining E-mode...
We present cosmological parameters derived from the angular power spectrum of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation observed at 148 GHz and 218 over 296 deg2 with Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) during its 2008 season. ACT measures fluctuations scales 500 < ℓ 10, 000. fit a model for lensed CMB, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich (SZ), foreground contribution to spectra, including thermal kinetic SZ, Poisson radio infrared point sources, clustered sources. At = 3000, about half comes primary CMB...
We present measurements of the $E$-mode polarization angular auto-power spectrum ($EE$) and temperature-$E$-mode cross-power ($TE$) cosmic microwave background (CMB) using 150 GHz data from three seasons SPTpol observations. report power spectra over spherical harmonic multipole range $50 < \ell \leq 8000$, detect nine acoustic peaks in $EE$ with high signal-to-noise ratio. These are most sensitive to date $TE$ at $\ell > 1050$ 1475$, respectively. The observations cover 500 deg$^2$, a...
We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map covering 9400 sq. deg. reconstructed CMB measurements made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) 2017 to 2021. In combination with BAO (from SDSS and 6dF), we obtain amplitude of matter fluctuations $\sigma_8 = 0.819 \pm 0.015$ at 1.8% precision, $S_8\equiv\sigma_8({\Omega_{\rm m}}/0.3)^{0.5}=0.840\pm0.028$ Hubble constant $H_0= (68.3 1.1)\, \text{km}\,\text{s}^{-1}\,\text{Mpc}^{-1}$ 1.6% precision. A joint...
A search for dark matter axions with masses $>10\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{eV}/{\mathrm{c}}^{2}$ has been performed using the HAYSTAC experiment's squeezed state receiver to achieve subquantum limited noise. This work includes details of design and operation experiment previously used in mass ranges 16.96--17.12 $17.14--17.28\text{ (4.100--4.140 GHz 4.145--4.178 GHz) as well upgrades facilitate an extended at higher masses. These include improvements data acquisition...
We have developed a new type of x-ray detector based on superconducting transition-edge thermometer operated near 100 mK. A quantum interference device is used to measure the current through thermometer, and negative electrothermal feedback improve energy resolution shorten thermal time constant. mounted scanning electron microscope titanium Kα (4.5 keV) fluorescence x rays with better than 14 eV full width at half-maximum. Using two other devices, we measured an for Joule heat pulses 2.6 1...
We report on 23 clusters detected blindly as Sunyaev–ZEL'DOVICH (SZ) decrements in a 148 GHz, 455 deg2 map of the southern sky made with data from Atacama Cosmology Telescope 2008 observing season. All SZ detections announced this work have confirmed optical counterparts. Ten are new discoveries. One newly discovered cluster, ACT-CL J0102−4915, redshift 0.75 (photometric), has an decrement comparable to most massive systems at lower redshifts. Simulations cluster recovery method reproduce...
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope was designed to measure small-scale anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background and detect galaxy clusters through Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. instrument is located on Cerro Toco Desert, at an altitude of 5190 meters. A six-meter off-axis Gregorian telescope feeds a new type cryogenic receiver, Millimeter Bolometer Array Camera. receiver features three 1000-element arrays transition-edge sensor bolometers for observations 148 GHz, 218 277 GHz. Each detector...
We perform state tomography of an itinerant squeezed the microwave field prepared by a Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA). use second JPA as pre-amplifier to improve quantum efficiency quadrature measurement (QM) from 2% 36 +/- 4%. Without correcting for detection inefficiency we observe minimum variance which is 69 8% vacuum. reconstruct state's density matrix maximum likelihood method and infer that has less than 40% vacuum, with uncertainty mostly caused calibration systematics.
We report on the design and performance of BICEP2 instrument its three-year data set. was designed to measure polarization cosmic microwave background (CMB) angular scales 1 5 degrees ($\ell$=40-200), near expected peak B-mode signature primordial gravitational waves from inflation. Measuring B-modes requires dramatic improvements in sensitivity combined with exquisite control systematics. The telescope observed South Pole a 26~cm aperture cold, on-axis, refractive optics. also adopted new...
We present measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum made by Atacama Cosmology Telescope at 148 GHz and 218 GHz, as well cross-frequency between two channels. Our results clearly show second through seventh acoustic peaks in CMB spectrum. The these higher-order provide an additional test {\Lambda}CDM cosmological model. At l > 3000, we detect excess primary anisotropy CMB. lower multipoles 500 < find evidence for gravitational lensing 2.8{\sigma} level. also a low...
We present constraints on cosmological parameters based a sample of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-selected galaxy clusters detected in millimeter-wave survey by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope. The cluster used this analysis consists 9 optically-confirmed high-mass comprising high-significance end total identified 455 square degrees sky surveyed during 2008 at 148 GHz. focus most massive systems to reduce degeneracy between unknown astrophysics and cosmology derived from SZ surveys. describe scaling...
We report on the development of a microwave superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) multiplexer to read out arrays low-temperature detectors. In this frequency-division multiplexer, resonators with different frequencies couple common transmission line and each resonator couples dissipationless SQUID. demonstrate multiple designs, high-Q values (4100–18 000), noise as low 0.17μΦ0∕Hz, naturally linear readout scheme based flux modulation. This multiplexing approach is compatible...
The European Research Council has recently funded HOLMES, a new experiment to directly measure the neutrino mass. HOLMES will perform calorimetric measurement of energy released in decay 163Ho. eliminates systematic uncertainties arising from use external beta sources, as experiments with spectrometers. This was proposed 1982 by A. De Rujula and M. Lusignoli, but only detector technological progress allowed design sensitive experiment. deploy large array low temperature microcalorimeters...