A5088701893- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Genetics and Physical Performance
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Historical and Scientific Studies
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Genetic and rare skin diseases.
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
University of Michigan
2018-2023
University of Calgary
2014-2016
Living hominoids are distinguished by upright torsos and versatile locomotion. It is hypothesized that these features evolved for feeding on fruit from terminal branches in forests. To investigate the evolutionary context of hominoid adaptive origins, we analyzed multiple paleoenvironmental proxies conjunction with fossils Moroto II site Uganda. The data indicate seasonally dry woodlands earliest evidence abundant C4 grasses Africa based a confirmed age 21 million years ago (Ma). We...
The effects of obesity on bone metabolism are complex, and may be mediated by consumption a high fat diet and/or obesity-induced metabolic dysregulation. To test the hypothesis that both (HF) diet-induced disease independently decrease skeletal acquisition, we compared HF mass microarchitecture in two mouse strains: (DIO)-susceptible C57BL/6J (B6) DIO-resistant FVB/NJ (FVB). At 3 wks age weaned 120 female FVB B6 mice onto normal (N, 10% Kcal/fat) or (45% euthanized them at 6, 12 20 weeks (N...
Mammals show a predictable scaling relationship between limb bone size and body mass. This has genetic basis which likely evolved via natural selection, but it is unclear how much the correlation these traits in turn impacts their capacity to evolve independently. We selectively bred laboratory mice for increases tibia length independent of mass, test hypothesis that with mass constrains evolutionary change length.Over 14 generations, we produced mean 9-13%, while was unchanged, random-bred...
Abstract Objectives Humans exhibit significant ecogeographic variation in bone size and shape. However, it is unclear how significantly environmental temperature influences cortical trabecular bone, making difficult to recognize adaptation versus acclimatization past populations. There some evidence that cold‐induced loss results from sympathetic nervous system activation can be reduced by nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) via uncoupling protein (UCP1) brown adipose tissue (BAT). Here we test...
Abstract Limb bone size and shape in terrestrial mammals scales predictably with body mass. Weight‐bearing limb bones these species have geometries that enable them to withstand deformations due loading, both within between species. Departures from the expected scaling of mass occur become specialized for different types locomotion. For example, adapted frequent running jumping behaviors hind are long relation mass, but narrower cross‐sections than predicted their length. The Longshanks...
The ability of a bone to withstand loads depends on its structural and material properties. These tend differ among species with different modes locomotion, reflecting their unique loading patterns. evolution derived limb morphologies, such as the long limbs associated jumping, may compromise overall strength. We evaluated mechanical properties in Longshanks mouse, which was selectively bred for increased tibia length relative body mass. combined analyses 3D shape cross-sectional geometry...
Mammals show a predictable scaling relationship between limb bone size and body mass. This has genetic basis which likely evolved via natural selection, but it is unclear how much the correlation these traits in turn impacts their capacity to evolve independently. We selectively bred laboratory mice for increases tibia length independent of mass, test hypothesis that with mass constrains evolutionary change length. Over 14 generations, we produced mean 9-13%, while was unchanged, random-bred...
Abstract Objectives Morphological intraspecific variation is due to the balance between skeletal plasticity and genetic constraint on skeleton. Osteogenic responses external stimuli, such as locomotion, have been well documented interspecifically across primate order, but less so at level. Here, we examine differences in cross‐sectional variability of femur, humerus, radius, tibia Pan troglodytes versus Gorilla gorilla gorilla. We investigate whether there are sex, species, bone, trait...
ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français étrangers, laboratoires publics privés.
Chronic cold stress is associated with accelerated age‐related bone loss in circumpolar human populations, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Cold exposure upregulates sympathetic nervous system, which can cause via osteoblast beta‐adrenergic receptors. However, activation also increases nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) uncoupling protein‐1 (UCP1) brown adipose tissue, should increase body temperature, decrease activation, and reduce loss. The goal of this study to understand role...