A5089395081- Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Gut microbiota and health
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Comparative Animal Anatomy Studies
- Vasculitis and related conditions
- CNS Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Respiratory viral infections research
Duke University
2020-2024
Tacoma Community College
2020-2023
Duke Medical Center
2018-2022
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
2013-2022
University of Minnesota
2016-2021
University of Edinburgh
2020
Emory University
2018
Children's Center
2018
The assembly of Africa's iconic C4 grassland ecosystems is central to evolutionary interpretations many mammal lineages, including hominins. grasses are thought have become ecologically dominant in Africa only after 10 million years ago (Ma). However, paleobotanical records older than Ma sparse, limiting assessment the timing and nature biomass expansion. This study uses a multiproxy design document vegetation structure from nine Early Miocene site complexes across eastern Africa. Results...
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIA-U) can lead to poor visual outcomes and impact a child's quality of life (QOL) function. Our aim is identify risk markers JIA-U examine differences in the QOL children with JIA JIA-U.Rheumatology ophthalmology record reviews questionnaires were completed every 4-6 months on 287 JIA. We collected arthritis, uveitis, data. examined data through last study visit.There 52/287 (18%) who younger at arthritis diagnosis, had oligoarticular...
Child with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection typically have mild symptoms that do not require medical attention, leaving a gap in our understanding of the spectrum SARS-CoV-2-related illnesses viruses causes children.We conducted prospective cohort study children and adolescents (aged <21 years) SARS-CoV-2-infected close contact. We collected nasopharyngeal or nasal swabs at enrollment tested for SARS-CoV-2 using real-time polymerase chain reaction...
Living hominoids are distinguished by upright torsos and versatile locomotion. It is hypothesized that these features evolved for feeding on fruit from terminal branches in forests. To investigate the evolutionary context of hominoid adaptive origins, we analyzed multiple paleoenvironmental proxies conjunction with fossils Moroto II site Uganda. The data indicate seasonally dry woodlands earliest evidence abundant C4 grasses Africa based a confirmed age 21 million years ago (Ma). We...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Children with SARS-CoV-2 infection typically have mild symptoms that do not require medical attention, leaving a gap in our understanding of the spectrum illnesses virus causes children. METHODS We conducted prospective cohort study children and adolescents (<21 years age) SARS-CoV-2-infected close contact. collected nasopharyngeal or nasal swabs at enrollment tested for using real-time PCR assay. RESULTS Of 382 children, 289 (76%) were SARS-CoV-2-infected. more likely...
Highlights•Gut colonization precedes most mucosal barrier injury BSIs in HSCT recipients.•Antibiotics are associated with rising abundances of resistant strains the gut.•Detection vanA and ESBL genes predicts phenotypic resistance BSI strains.ABSTRACTThe gastrointestinal tract is predicted reservoir for bloodstream infections (BSIs) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Whole-genome sequencing comparative genomics have potential to improve our understanding dynamics gut that...
Certain anaerobic bacteria are important for maintenance of gut barrier integrity and immune tolerance may influence the risk graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study HSCT recipients to evaluate associations between receipt antibiotics with an spectrum activity GVHD outcomes. identified 1214 children adults who developed febrile neutropenia 7 days before 28 compared mortality...
The incidence of osteonecrosis the jaw (ONJ) in population is low, but specifics are unknown. Potential risk factors include bisphosphonate treatment, steroid osteoporosis, and head/neck radiation. This Dental Practice-Based Research Network study estimated ONJ odds ratios from exposure other using a key word search manual chart reviews electronic records for adults aged ≥ 35 yrs enrolled during 1995–2006 two large health-care organizations. We found 16 cases among 572,606 cohort members;...
Biomarkers in easily obtained specimens that accurately predict uveitis children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are needed. Aqueous humor has been studied for biomarkers, but is not routinely available. We evaluated tears from chronic anterior (CAU) biomarkers reported aqueous humor. In this pilot study, we used Schirmer strips to collect seven (nine eyes); three had JIA- associated (JIA-U) and four disease (I-CAU). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was identify...
The Effects of Youngsters' Eyesight on Quality Life (EYE-Q) is a novel measure vision-related quality life (QOL) and function in children. We aim to determine the validity EYE-Q childhood uveitis.We abstracted medical record data arthritis uveitis convenience sample children with juvenile idiopathic (JIA) and/or uveitis. In addition EYE-Q, parents patients completed questionnaires overall QOL (Pediatric Inventory [PedsQL]), physical functioning (Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire...
Pediatric uveitis can lead to sight-threatening complications and impact quality of life (QoL) functioning. We aimed examine health-related QoL, mental health, physical disability, vision-related functioning (VRF), QoL in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), JIA-associated (JIA-U), other noninfectious uveitis. hypothesized that there will be differences based on the presence eye disease.
Antibiotic resistance is a global threat driven primarily by antibiotic use. We evaluated the effects of exposures on gut microbiomes and resistomes children at high risk colonization antibiotic-resistant bacteria. performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing 691 serially collected fecal samples from 80 (<18 years) undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation. aerobic (cefepime, vancomycin, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) anaerobic...
Infections and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) have historically resulted in high mortality among children undergoing umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). However, recent advances clinical practice likely improved outcomes of these patients. We conducted a retrospective cohort study (<18years age) UCBT at Duke University between January 1, 1995 December 31, 2014. compared 2-year all-cause cause-specific during 3 time periods based on year (1995 to 2001, 2002 2007, 2008 2014). used...
Purpose: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)–associated uveitis can lead to ocular complications and vision loss. Alleles HLA-DRB1*08, *11, *13 are risk alleles for JIA, whereas HLA-DRB1*11 increase susceptibility. We examined the association of common HLA-DRB1 in children with JIA alone JIA-associated uveitis. Methods: High-resolution genotyping was performed 107 oligoarticular polyarticular rheumatoid factor (RF) negative 373 non-Hispanic white controls. Children were similar race,...
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes substantial morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). There are limited data on risk factors for CMV viremia the safety of antiviral medications used to treat in children.We conducted a single-center retrospective study children who underwent HSCT between 2000 2016. We log-logistic regression evaluate associations clinical characteristics CMV-free survival at 100 days HSCT. compared incidences laboratory-defined adverse events...
Objective. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) affects children of all races. Prior studies suggest that phenotypic features JIA in African American (AA) differ from those non-Hispanic white (NHW) children. We evaluated the differences at presentation between AA and NHW enrolled Childhood Arthritis Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry, replicated findings a cohort large center southeastern United States. Methods. Children with multicenter CARRA Registry Emory University formed...
Children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are at high risk for hospital-associated bloodstream infections (HA-BSIs). This study aimed to describe the incidence, microbiology, and factors HA-BSI in pediatric HSCT recipients.We performed a single-center retrospective cohort of children adolescents (<18 years age) who underwent over 20-year period (1997-2016). We determined incidence case fatality rate by causative organism. used multivariable Poisson regression...
Abstract Palaeontological deposits on Rusinga Island, Lake Victoria, Kenya, provide a rich record of floral and faunal evolution in the early Neogene East Africa. Yet, despite wealth available fossil material, previous palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from have resulted widely divergent results, ranging closed forest to open woodland environments. Presented here is detailed study sedimentology fauna Miocene Hiwegi Formation at Waregi Hill Kenya. New sedimentological analyses demonstrate...
Abstract Fecal samples collected for microbiome analyses are typically frozen to avoid postcollection changes in microbial composition. eNAT is a guanidine thiocyanate‐based medium that stabilizes DNA and allows safe specimen handling shipping by inactivating microorganisms. We fecal ( n = 50) from children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. divided into three aliquots: (a) stored RNAlater immediately transferred −80°C; (b) (c) at ambient temperature (~20°C) 30 days prior...
Abstract Rusingoryx atopocranion is an extinct alcelaphin bovid from the late Pleistocene of Kenya, known for its distinctive hollow nasal crest. A bonebed R . Lake Victoria Basin provides a unique opportunity to examine nearly complete postcranial ecomorphology species, and yields data that are important studying paleoenvironments human-environment interaction. With comparative sample extant African bovids, we used discriminant function analyses develop statistical ecomorphological models...