A5078396894- Gut microbiota and health
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Pediatric Urology and Nephrology Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Pelvic floor disorders treatments
- Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Neutropenia and Cancer Infections
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders research
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Orthopedic Infections and Treatments
- Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Lurie Children's Hospital
2017-2025
Northwestern University
2017-2025
Duke University
2010-2020
University of Sheffield
2020
Duke Medical Center
2011-2018
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
2017
Duke University Hospital
2012-2016
Duke University Health System
2016
Urology Team
2015
Pediatrics and Genetics
2010-2015
Several animal studies have emphasized the role of gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, data about dysbiosis human NAFLD remain scarce literature, especially including whole spectrum lesions. We aimed to evaluate association between and severe lesions, that is, steatohepatitis (NASH) fibrosis, a well-characterized population adult NAFLD. Fifty-seven patients with biopsy-proven were enrolled. Taxonomic composition was determined using 16S ribosomal RNA gene...
The production of several virulence factors by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is controlled according to cell density through two quorum-sensing systems, las and rhl. system comprised the transcriptional activator protein LasR LasI, which directs synthesis autoinducer PAI-1. Similarly, rhl consists RhlR RhlI, PAI-2 (formerly referred as factor 2). To study interrelation between P. we fused a lacZ reporter gene lasR, rhlR, rhlA monitored expression these three genes under various conditions. Our data...
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli, the predominant causative agent of urinary tract infections, use type 1 pili to bind and invade bladder epithelial cells. Upon entry, bacteria rapidly replicate enter a complex developmental pathway ultimately forming intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs), niche with biofilm-like properties protected from innate defences antibiotics. Paradoxically, within IBCs produce pili, an organelle thought only be extracellular colonization factor. Thus, we...
To establish disease, an infecting organism must overcome a vast array of host defenses. During cystitis, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) subvert innate defenses by invading superficial umbrella cells and rapidly increasing in numbers to form intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs). In the late stages IBC pathway, filamentous bacillary UPEC detach from biofilm-like IBC, fluxing out this safe haven colonize surrounding epithelium initiate subsequent generations IBCs, eventually they...
Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of microbial DNA in fetal environment. However, it remains unclear whether this represents viable bacteria and how relates to maternal microbiota across body sites. We studied human mouse dyads understand these relationships, localize fetus, demonstrate bacterial viability. In preterm full-term mother-infant at time cesarean delivery, oral cavity meconium newborn infants born as early 24 weeks gestation contained a that was predicted originate...
Odor perception plays a critical role in early human development, but the underlying neural mechanisms are not fully understood. To investigate these, we presented appetitive and aversive odors to infants of both sexes at one month age while recording functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) nasal airflow data. Infants slept during odor presentation allow MRI scanning. We found that evoke robust fMRI activity bilateral olfactory cortex thalamus, response magnitudes differ across odors....
In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the transcriptional activator LasR and autoinducer PAI, are necessary for efficient activation of lasB gene, encoding elastase (L. Passador, J. M. Cook, M.J. Gambello, L. Rust, B. H. Iglewski, Science 260:1127-1130, 1993). The start points lasI in Escherichia coli P. aeruginosa were determined by S1 nuclease mapping. presence both site, T1, is located at position -25 relative to ATG translational codon. A minor start, T2, found -13 when transcribed absence either...
A chemical synthesis platform with broad applications and flexibility was rationally designed to inhibit biogenesis of adhesive pili assembled by the chaperone–usher pathway in Gram-negative pathogens. The activity a family bicyclic 2-pyridones, termed pilicides, evaluated two different pilus systems uropathogenic Escherichia coli . Hemagglutination mediated either type 1 or P pili, adherence bladder cells, biofilm formation were all reduced ≈90% laboratory clinical E. strains. structure...
ABSTRACT In the murine model of urinary tract infections (UTI), cystitis by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) occurs through an intimate relationship with bladder superficial umbrella cell entailing cycles adherence, invasion, intracellular bacterial community (IBC) formation, and dispersal (fluxing) from environment. IBC is a key step that results in spread bacteria over epithelial surface to initiate additional rounds formation. We investigated role flagella mediating adherence...
ABSTRACT Urinary tract infections (UTIs) have complex dynamics, with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the major causative agent, capable of colonization from urethra to kidneys in both extracellular and intracellular niches while also producing chronic persistent frequent recurrent disease. In mouse human bladders, UPEC invades superficial epithelium, some bacteria enter cytoplasm rapidly replicate into bacterial communities (IBCs) comprised ∼10 4 each. Through IBC formation, expands...
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants have high morbidity and mortality, frequently due to invasive infections from bacteria, fungi, viruses. The microbial communities present in the gastrointestinal tracts of preterm may serve as a reservoir for organisms remain poorly characterized. We used deep pyrosequencing examine gut-associated microbiome 11 ELBW first postnatal month, with time determination eukaryote microbiota such fungi nematodes, including bacteria viruses that not been...
The infant skin microbiota may serve as a reservoir of bacteria that contribute to neonatal infections and stimulate local systemic immune development. objectives our study were characterize the preterm full-term infants during their birth hospitalization describe its relationship other body sites hospital environment.We conducted cross-sectional 129 infants, including 40 89 infants. Samples collected from five sites: forehead posterior auricular scalp (skin upper body); periumbilical...
Growth failure during infancy is a major global problem that has adverse effects on long-term health and neurodevelopment. Preterm infants are disproportionately affected by growth its effects. Herein we found extremely preterm with postnatal have disrupted maturation of the intestinal microbiota, characterized persistently low diversity, dominance pathogenic bacteria within Enterobacteriaceae family, paucity strictly anaerobic taxa including Veillonella relative to appropriate growth....
Pediatric obesity remains a public health burden and continues to increase in prevalence. The gut microbiota plays causal role is promising therapeutic target. Specifically, the microbial production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) from fermentation otherwise indigestible dietary carbohydrates may protect against pediatric metabolic syndrome. Still, it has not been demonstrated that therapies involving microbiota-targeting carbohydrates, known as prebiotics, will enhance bacterial SCFA...
The roles of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa proteases LasB (elastase) and LasA transcriptional activator LasR, which regulates expression these proteases, were evaluated in a murine model P. corneal infection. In scarified corneas, PAO-A1 (LasA negative) or PAO-B1A1 (LasB at dose 10(8) CFU per eye caused very mild no disease following infection; however, defect could not be complemented by supplying functional copy lasA either on plasmid inserted into chromosome. contrast, PAO-B1 colonized...
ABSTRACT As components of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing system, LasR and PAI-1 globally regulate expression multiple virulence determinants, as well the second P. system. To date, no information exists on negative regulation cascade in aeruginosa. Here we describe novel gene, rsaL , which is located downstream from lasR transcribed antisense relative to lasR. In aeruginosa, overexpression results reduced lasB decreased elastase activity. With use six-His protein fusion demonstrate...
ABSTRACT Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs). A murine UTI model has revealed an infection cascade whereby UPEC undergoes cycles invasion bladder epithelium, intracellular proliferation in polysaccharide-containing biofilm-like masses called bacterial communities (IBC), and then dispersal into lumen to initiate further rounds epithelial colonization invasion. We predicted that K1 polysaccharide capsule a key constituent IBC matrix....
Drug-resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs) are difficult and sometimes impossible to treat. Many UTIs caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). We developed an intact rat model of UTI, catheterizing female rats introducing a bioluminescent UPEC strain into the bladder which lasted for up six days. recently showed that antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) bacterial infection mediated well-known phenothiazinium salt, methylene blue (MB) could be strongly potentiated...