A5006213707- Diet and metabolism studies
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Gut microbiota and health
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
Duke University Hospital
2016-2025
Duke Medical Center
2016-2025
Duke University
2016-2025
Durham University
2024
Saint Luke's Health System
2024
University of Alaska Fairbanks
2016
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
2015
Northwestern University
2014
Clinical Research Institute
2010-2011
Center for Human Genetics
2010-2011
The role of specific gut microbes in shaping body composition remains unclear. We transplanted fecal microbiota from adult female twin pairs discordant for obesity into germ-free mice fed low-fat mouse chow, as well diets representing different levels saturated fat and fruit vegetable consumption typical the U.S. diet. Increased total mass, obesity-associated metabolic phenotypes, were transmissible with uncultured communities their corresponding bacterial culture collections. Cohousing...
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide and reports estimate that American children consume up to 25% of calories from snacks. Several animal models obesity exist, but studies are lacking compare high-fat diets (HFD) traditionally used in rodent diet-induced (DIO) consisting food regularly consumed by humans, including high-salt, high-fat, low-fiber, energy dense foods such as cookies, chips, processed meats. To investigate the obesogenic inflammatory consequences a cafeteria diet...
Metagenomic analyses of gnotobiotic mice and monozygotic twins reveal the effects eating a popular fermented milk product on their microbiomes.
Molecular tools may provide insight into cardiovascular risk. We assessed whether metabolites discriminate coronary artery disease (CAD) and predict risk of events.We performed mass-spectrometry-based profiling 69 in subjects from the CATHGEN biorepository. To evaluate discriminative capabilities for CAD, 2 groups were profiled: 174 CAD cases sex/race-matched controls ("initial"), 140 ("replication"). capability to events, combined ("event" group); these, 74 experienced death/myocardial...
OBJECTIVE To determine whether circulating metabolic intermediates are related to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction in individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 73 sedentary, overweight obese, dyslipidemic individuals, action was derived from a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Plasma concentrations of 75 amino acids, acylcarnitines, free fatty conventional metabolites were measured with targeted, mass spectrometry–based platform....
The enhanced decrease in circulating branched-chain amino acids and their metabolites after gastric bypass occurs by mechanisms other than weight loss.
Malnutrition and dietary repair Childhood malnutrition is accompanied by growth stunting immaturity of the gut microbiota. Even after therapeutic intervention with standard commercial complementary foods, children may fail to thrive. Gehrig et al. Raman monitored metabolic parameters in healthy Bangladeshi those recovering from severe acute malnutrition. The authors investigated interactions between diet, microbiota development, recovery. Diets were then designed using pig mouse models nudge...
A branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-related metabolic signature is strongly associated with insulin resistance and predictive of incident diabetes intervention outcomes. To better understand the role that this metabolite cluster plays in obesity-related dysfunction, we studied impact BCAA restriction a rodent model obesity which metabolism perturbed ways mirror human condition.Zucker-lean rats (ZLR) Zucker-fatty (ZFR) were fed either custom control, low fat (LF) diet, or an isonitrogenous,...
While the benefits of exercise are clear, many unresolved issues surround optimal prescription. Many organizations recommend aerobic training (AT) and resistance (RT), yet few studies have compared their effects alone or in combination. The purpose this study, part Studies Targeting Risk Reduction Interventions Through Defined Exercise-Aerobic Training and/or Resistance (STRRIDE/AT/RT), was to compare AT, RT, full combination (AT/RT) on central ectopic fat, liver enzymes, fasting insulin...
Metabolic impairment is an important contributor to heart failure (HF) pathogenesis and progression. Dysregulated metabolic pathways remain poorly characterized in patients with HF preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We sought determine abnormalities HFpEF identify differentially altered versus reduced (HFrEF).
Abstract A new generation of plant-based meat alternatives—formulated to mimic the taste and nutritional composition red meat—have attracted considerable consumer interest, research attention, media coverage. This has raised questions whether alternatives represent proper replacements animal meat. The goal our study was use untargeted metabolomics provide an in-depth comparison metabolite profiles a popular alternative (n = 18) grass-fed ground beef matched for serving size (113 g) fat...
Regular exercise promotes whole-body health and prevents disease, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood
Abstract Microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF) formulations have been designed to repair the gut communities of malnourished children. A randomized controlled trial demonstrated that one formulation, MDCF-2, improved weight gain in Bangladeshi children compared a more calorically dense standard nutritional intervention. Metagenome-assembled genomes from study participants revealed correlation between ponderal growth and expression MDCF-2 glycan utilization pathways by Prevotella...
Two coding variants of apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) called G1 and G2 explain much the excess risk kidney disease in African Americans. While various cytotoxic phenotypes have been reported experimental models, proximal mechanism by which cause is poorly understood. Here, we leveraged three models a recently small molecule blocker APOL1 protein, VX-147, to identify upstream G1-induced cytotoxicity. In HEK293 cells, demonstrated that G1-mediated Na+ import/K+ efflux triggered activation G...
Nicotinic acid is one of the most effective agents for both lowering triglycerides and raising HDL. However, side effect cutaneous flushing severely limits patient compliance. As nicotinic stimulates GPCR GPR109A Gi/Go proteins, here we dissected roles G proteins adaptor beta-arrestins, in acid-induced signaling physiological responses. In a human cell line-based assay, stimulation led to pertussis toxin-sensitive cAMP, recruitment beta-arrestins membrane, an activating conformational change...