A5073121510- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Gut microbiota and health
- Digestive system and related health
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Galectins and Cancer Biology
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Protein Hydrolysis and Bioactive Peptides
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
University of California, Davis
2016-2025
UC Davis Health System
2014-2024
University of California System
2006-2018
University of California, Berkeley
1983-2018
Institute of Molecular Medicine
1998-2014
University of California Davis Medical Center
2004-2014
UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center
2003-2014
University of Southern California
2013
Mexican Social Security Institute
2013
Chungnam National University
2013
Healthy guts exclude oxygen Normally, the lumen of colon lacks oxygen. Fastidiously anaerobic butyrate-producing bacteria thrive in colon; by ablating these organisms, antibiotic treatment removes butyrate. Byndloss et al. discovered that loss butyrate deranges metabolic signaling gut cells (see Perspective Cani). This induces nitric oxidase to generate nitrate and disables β-oxidation epithelial would otherwise mop up stray before it enters colon. Simultaneously, regulatory T retreat,...
Following birth, the breast-fed infant gastrointestinal tract is rapidly colonized by a microbial consortium often dominated bifidobacteria. Accordingly, complete genome sequence of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC15697 reflects competitive nutrient-utilization strategy targeting milk-borne molecules which lack nutritive value to neonate. Several chromosomal loci reflect potential adaptation host including 43 kbp cluster encoding catabolic genes, extracellular solute binding...
Although much work has linked the human microbiome to specific phenotypes and lifestyle variables, data from different projects have been challenging integrate extent of microbial molecular diversity in stool remains unknown. Using standardized protocols Earth Microbiome Project sample contributions over 10,000 citizen-scientists, together with an open research network, we compare specimens primarily United States, Kingdom, Australia one another environmental samples. Our results show...
Human milk contains an unexpected abundance and diversity of complex oligosaccharides apparently indigestible by the developing infant instead targeted to its cognate gastrointestinal microbiota. Recent advances in mass spectrometry-based tools have provided a view oligosaccharide structures produced across stages lactation among human mothers. One postulated function for these is enrich specific “healthy” microbiota containing bifidobacteria, genus commonly observed feces breast-fed...
Human milk contains large amounts of complex oligosaccharides that putatively modulate the intestinal microbiota breast-fed infants by acting as decoy binding sites for pathogens and prebiotics enrichment beneficial bacteria. Several bifidobacterial species have been shown to grow well on human oligosaccharides. However, few data exist other bacterial species. This work examined 16 strains belonging 10 different genera growth For this propose, a chemically defined medium, ZMB1, was used,...
Oligosaccharides in human milk represent a group of bioactive molecules that have evolved to be an abundant and diverse component milk, even though they no direct nutritive value the infant. A recent hypothesis proposes could substrates for development intestinal microflora mucosal immune system. The inability determine exact composition these oligosaccharides limits research ability understand their biological functions. isolated from lipids proteins individual samples were analyzed by...
Individuals with inactive alleles of the fucosyltransferase 2 gene (FUT2; termed 'secretor' gene) are common in many populations. Some members genus Bifidobacterium, infant gut commensals, known to consume 2'-fucosylated glycans found breast milk secretor mothers. We investigated effects maternal status on developing microbiota a special emphasis bifidobacterial species abundance.On average, bifidobacteria were established earlier and more often infants fed by mothers than non-secretor In...
The molecular basis by which human breast milk supports the development of a protective intestinal microbiome in infants is unknown. After lactose and lipids, oligosaccharides (HMOs) are quantitatively third largest most diverse component milk. In this work, glycomic profiling HMO consumption bifidobacteria using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry reveals that one species, Bifidobacterium longum biovar infantis ATCC 15697, an isolate from infant gut, preferentially...
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder caused by premutation expansions (55–200 CGG repeats) in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. The pathologic hallmark of FXTAS ubiquitin-positive intranuclear inclusion found neurons and astrocytes broad distribution throughout brain. pathogenesis likely to involve an RNA toxic gain-of-function mechanism, FMR1 mRNA has recently been identified within inclusions. However, little known...
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) perform a number of functions including serving as prebiotics to stimulate the growth beneficial intestinal bacteria, receptor analogues inhibit binding pathogens, and substances that promote postnatal brain development. There is further evidence HMOs participate in modulating human immune system. Because absorption, catabolism, biological function (OS) have strong correlations with their structures, structure elucidation key advancing this research....
Alteration in glycosylation has been observed cancer. However, monitoring changes during breast cancer progression is difficult humans. In this study, we used a well-characterized transplantable tumor mouse model, the mammary virus-polyoma middle T antigen, to observe early glycosylation. We have previously said model look at O-linked with glycan biomarker discovery examined N-linked variations of but time doubling number mice and blood draw points. N-glycans from total serum glycoproteins...
Sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (SHMOs) are important components of oligosaccharides. Sialic acids typically found on the nonreducing end and known binding sites for pathogens aid in neonates' brain development. Due to their negative charge hydrophilic nature, they also help modulate cell-cell interactions. It has been shown that sialic involved regulating immune response In this study, enriched SHMOs from pooled sample were analyzed by HPLC-Chip/QTOF MS. The instrument employs a...
ABSTRACT Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697 utilizes several small-mass neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), of which are fucosylated. Whereas previous studies focused on endpoint consumption, a temporal glycan consumption profile revealed time-dependent effect. Specifically, among preferred HMOs, tetraose was favored early in fermentation, with other consumed slightly later. In order to utilize fucosylated oligosaccharides, possesses fucosidases, implicating GH29 and...
Human milk contains a high concentration of complex oligosaccharides that influence the composition intestinal microbiota in breast-fed infants. Previous studies have indicated select species such as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and bifidum can utilize human (HMO) vitro sole carbon source, while relatively few B. breve isolates tested appear less adapted to these substrates. Considering frequency at which is isolated from infant feces, we postulated some strains more vigorously...