A5012459953- Gut microbiota and health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- interferon and immune responses
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Frailty in Older Adults
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Collaboration in agile enterprises
University of Cambridge
2024-2025
University of Colorado Denver
2021-2024
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
2024
University of Oxford
2000-2024
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
2024
Bridge University
2024
Stepping Hill Hospital
2022-2023
Hill's Pet Nutrition (United States)
2015-2023
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
2021-2023
King's College London
2003-2021
<h3>Objective</h3> Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are drugs used to suppress gastric acid production and treat GI disorders such as peptic ulcers gastro-oesophageal reflux. They have been considered low risk, widely adopted, often over-prescribed. Recent studies identified an increased risk of enteric other infections with their use. Small possible associations between PPI use microbiota, but this has yet be carried out on a large population-based cohort. <h3>Design</h3> We investigated the...
Although much work has linked the human microbiome to specific phenotypes and lifestyle variables, data from different projects have been challenging integrate extent of microbial molecular diversity in stool remains unknown. Using standardized protocols Earth Microbiome Project sample contributions over 10,000 citizen-scientists, together with an open research network, we compare specimens primarily United States, Kingdom, Australia one another environmental samples. Our results show...
The human gut microbiome has been associated with many health factors but variability between studies limits exploration of effects them. Gut microbiota profiles are available for >2700 members the deeply phenotyped TwinsUK cohort, providing a uniform platform such comparisons. Here, we present association analyses 38 common diseases and 51 medications within cohort. We describe several novel associations, highlight associations across multiple diseases, determine which have greatest...
Frailty is arguably the biggest problem associated with population ageing, and associates gut microbiome composition in elderly care-dependent individuals. Here we characterize frailty associations microbiota a younger community dwelling population, to identify targets for intervention encourage healthy ageing. We analysed 16S rRNA gene sequence data derived from faecal samples obtained 728 female twins. was quantified using index (FI). Mixed effects models were used diversity, operational...
Cross-sectional studies suggest that the microbes in human gut have a role obesity by influencing body's ability to extract and store calories. The aim of this study was assess if there is correlation between change body weight over time microbiome composition. We analysed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence data derived from faecal samples 1632 healthy females TwinsUK investigate association measured cross-sectionally longitudinal gain (adjusted for caloric intake baseline mass index). Dietary...
Reduced gut microbiome diversity is associated with multiple disorders including metabolic syndrome (MetS) features, though metabolomic markers have not been investigated. Our objective was to identify blood metabolite of diversity, and explore their relationship dietary intake MetS. We examined associations between Shannon 292 metabolites profiled by the untargeted metabolomics provider Metabolon Inc. in 1529 females from TwinsUK using linear regressions adjusting for confounders testing...
Variation in the human fecal microbiota has previously been associated with body mass index (BMI). Although obesity is a global health burden, accumulation of abdominal visceral fat specific cardio-metabolic disease risk factor. Here, we explore links between and adiposity using composition as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry large sample twins from TwinsUK cohort, comparing 16S rRNA diversity profiles six measures.We profile measures 3666 estimate their heritability, finding...
Abstract Omega-3 fatty acids may influence human physiological parameters in part by affecting the gut microbiome. The aim of this study was to investigate links between omega-3 acids, microbiome diversity and composition faecal metabolomic profiles middle aged elderly women. We analysed data from 876 twins with 16S DHA, total omega-3, other circulating acids. Estimated food intake were obtained frequency questionnaires. Both omega-3and DHA serum levels significantly correlated alpha...
Abstract Current inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapies are ineffective in a high proportion of patients. Combining bulk and single-cell transcriptomics, quantitative histopathology situ localization across three cohorts patients with IBD (total n = 376), we identify coexpressed gene modules within the heterogeneous tissular response that map to distinct histopathological cellular features (pathotypes). One these pathotypes is defined by neutrophil infiltration, activation fibroblasts...
Effort-based decision-making is a cognitive process crucial to normal motivated behaviour. Apathy common and disabling complication of Parkinson's disease, but its aetiology remains unclear. Intriguingly, the neural substrates associated with apathy also subserve effort-based in animal models humans. Furthermore, dopaminergic system plays core role motivating effortful behaviour for reward, dysfunction has been proposed play disease. We hypothesized that disrupted underlies syndrome this...
Socioeconomic inequalities in health and mortality are well established, but the biological mechanisms underlying these associations less understood. In parallel, gut microbiome is emerging as a potentially important determinant of human health, little known about its broader environmental social determinants. We test association between microbiota composition individual- area-level socioeconomic factors well-characterized twin cohort. this study, 1672 healthy volunteers from registry...
Abstract The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda , is a destructive pest native to America and has recently become an invasive insect in China. Because of its rapid spread great risks China, understanding FAW genetic background pesticide resistance urgent essential develop effective management strategies. Here, we assembled chromosome-level genome male (SFynMstLFR) compared re-sequencing results the populations from America, Africa, Strain identification 163 individuals collected...
Environmental factors have a large influence on the composition of human gut microbiota. One most influential and well-studied is host diet. To assess interpret impact non-dietary microbiota, we endeavoured to determine appropriate method summarise community variation attributable dietary effects. Dietary habits are multidimensional with internal correlations. This complexity can be simplified by using indices that quantify variance in single measure offer means controlling for diet...
Meiotic crossover frequency varies extensively along chromosomes and is typically concentrated in hotspots. As recombination increases genetic diversity, hotspots are predicted to occur at immunity genes, where variation may be beneficial. A major component of plant recognition pathogen Avirulence (Avr) effectors by resistance (R) genes that encode NBS-LRR domain proteins. Therefore, we sought test whether would overlap with meiotic using experimental genetics Arabidopsis thaliana. tend...
Musculoskeletal diseases affect up to 20% of adults worldwide. The gut microbiome has been implicated in inflammatory conditions, but large-scale metagenomic evaluations have not yet traced the routes by which immunity affects arthritis. To characterize community structure and associated functional processes driving microbial involvement arthritis, Inflammatory Arthritis Microbiome Consortium investigated 440 stool shotgun metagenomes comprising 221 diagnosed with rheumatoid ankylosing...
Higher visceral fat mass (VFM) is associated with an increased risk for developing cardio-metabolic diseases. The mechanisms by which unhealthy diet pattern may influence (VF) development has yet to be examined through cutting-edge multi-omic methods. Therefore, our objective was examine the dietary influences on VFM and identify gut microbiome metabolite profiles that link food intakes VFM.
The preservation of cognitive abilities with ageing is a priority both for individuals and nations given the populations many countries. Recently gut microbiome has been identified as new territory to explore in relation cognition. Experiments using rodents have link between function, particularly that low microbial diversity leads poor cognition function. Similar studies humans could identify novel targets encourage healthy an population. Here we investigate association microbiota function...
Abstract Background Identifying which taxa are targeted by immunoglobulins can uncover important host-microbe interactions. Immunoglobulin binding of commensal be assayed sorting bound bacteria from samples and using amplicon sequencing to determine their taxonomy, a technique most widely applied study A (IgA-Seq). Previous experiments have scored taxon in IgA-Seq datasets comparing abundances the IgA unbound sorted fractions. However, as these relative abundances, such scores influenced...
Abstract Anhedonia and amotivation are debilitating symptoms represent unmet therapeutic needs in a range of clinical conditions. The gut-microbiome-endocannabinoid axis might potential modifiable target for interventions. Based on results obtained from animal models, we tested the hypothesis that endocannabinoid system mediates association between gut-microbiome diversity anhedonia/amotivation general population cohort. We used longitudinal data collected 786 volunteer twins recruited as...