A5011797324- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Electrolyte and hormonal disorders
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Renal function and acid-base balance
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Potassium and Related Disorders
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
- Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research
2015-2025
Antibiotic resistance is rising in important bacterial pathogens. Phage therapy (PT), the use of viruses infecting pathogen a species-specific way, potential alternative.T4-like coliphages or commercial Russian coliphage product placebo was orally given over 4 days to Bangladeshi children hospitalized with acute diarrhea. Safety oral phage assessed clinically and by functional tests; Escherichia coli titers enteropathogens were determined stool quantitative diarrhea parameters (stool output,...
Malnutrition and dietary repair Childhood malnutrition is accompanied by growth stunting immaturity of the gut microbiota. Even after therapeutic intervention with standard commercial complementary foods, children may fail to thrive. Gehrig et al. Raman monitored metabolic parameters in healthy Bangladeshi those recovering from severe acute malnutrition. The authors investigated interactions between diet, microbiota development, recovery. Diets were then designed using pig mouse models nudge...
More than 30 million children worldwide have moderate acute malnutrition. Current treatments limited effectiveness, and much remains unknown about the pathogenesis of this condition. Children with malnutrition perturbed development their gut microbiota.
Characterizing the organization of human gut microbiota is a formidable challenge given number possible interactions between its components. Using statistical approach initially applied to financial markets, we measured temporally conserved covariance among bacterial taxa in healthy members Bangladeshi birth cohort sampled from 1 60 months age. The results revealed an "ecogroup" 15 covarying that provide concise description development children this and other low-income countries, means for...
Abstract Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. Changes in PTB rates, ranging from −90% to +30%, were reported many countries following early COVID-19 pandemic response measures (‘lockdowns’). It unclear whether this variation reflects real differences lockdown impacts, or perhaps stillbirth rates and/or study designs. Here we present interrupted time series and meta-analyses using harmonized data 52 million births 26 countries, 18 which had representative...
A T4-like coliphage cocktail was given with different oral doses to healthy Bangladeshi children in a placebo-controlled randomized phase I safety trial. Fecal phage detection dose dependent suggesting passive gut transit of coliphages through the gut. No adverse effects application were seen clinically and by clinical chemistry. Similar results obtained for commercial preparation (Coliproteus from Microgen/Russia). By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, only low degree fecal microbiota conservation...
Undernutrition in children is a pressing global health problem, manifested part by impaired linear growth (stunting). Current nutritional interventions have been largely ineffective overcoming stunting, emphasizing the need to obtain better understanding of its underlying causes. Treating Bangladeshi with severe acute malnutrition therapeutic foods reduced plasma levels biomarker osteoclastic activity without affecting biomarkers osteoblastic or improving their stunting. To characterize...
Abstract Background Childhood undernutrition remains a significant global health challenge accounting for over half of all under 5 child mortality. Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), which leads to wasting [weight-for-length z-scores (WLZ) between − 2 and 3], affects 33 million children globally more than in Bangladesh alone. We have previously reported that this population is associated with gut microbiota immaturity, small, 1-month pre-proof-of-concept (POC) study demonstrated...
Abstract Background Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) cause serious complications and fatality. Despite the severity of such magnitude, true burden these remains unclear. In LMICs like Bangladesh, there is a lack surveillance mechanisms to understand IFIs. Candida blankii (C. blankii) an emerging clinical pathogen with first reported human infection in 2014 limited global reports since then. This study aims investigate on C. along other IFIs among hospitalized neonates Bangladesh. Methods...
Objective : To study clinical manifestations and outcome of hyponatremia hypernatremia in children with diarrhea. Method We compared aged 0–59 months hospitalized from 1 January to 31 December 2013 (serum sodium <130 mmol/l), >150 mmol/l) normonatremia 135–145 mmol/l). Results The case fatality was significantly higher among the than normonatremia. A logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders revealed that are more likely have convulsions, severe acute malnutrition be...
Background Clinical features of metabolic acidosis and pneumonia frequently overlap in young diarrheal children, resulting differentiation from each other very difficult. However, there is no published data on the predictors children also having pneumonia. Our objective was to evaluate clinical under-five with radiological pneumonia, their outcome. Methods We prospectively enrolled all (n = 164) admitted Special Care Ward (SCW) Dhaka Hospital icddr, b between September December 2007 diarrhea...
We examined the characteristics of elderly people attending Dhaka Hospital ICDDR,B. The hospital has a diarrhoeal disease surveillance system that enrols 2% systematic sample all patients visiting hospital. reviewed data enrolled into (n=13,782) over period 1996–2001 to identify aged 60 y and above for inclusion current study (4% patients; n=478). V. cholerae O1 was most common enteric pathogen isolated from faecal culture (20%), followed by ETEC (13%), Shigella (11%), O139 (10%),...
A substantial body of work supports a teleconnection between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and cholera incidence in Bangladesh. In particular, high positive anomalies during winter (Dec-Feb) sea surface temperatures (SST) tropical Pacific have been shown to exacerbate seasonal outbreak following monsoons from August November. Climate studies indicated role regional precipitation over Bangladesh mediating this long-distance effect. Motivated by previous evidence, we took advantage...
There is a scarcity of information examining the prevalence overweight and obesity in general population Bangladesh. Thus, present study aimed to estimate changing trends socio-demographic characteristics obese individuals among an urban inDhaka,Bangladesh. The included data from 49,532 patients enrolled Diarrheal Disease Surveillance System (DDSS) at theDhakaHospitalfrom 1993-2011. Overweight was categorized under-5 children (n = 508), 5 19 years 96), >19 1330). Data compared with normal...
Background The present study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and etiology of overweight obese (OO) individuals with diarrhea attending an urban Dhaka Hospital, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research (icddr,b), Bangladesh. Methods Total 508 under-5 children, 96 5–19 years 1331 >19 were identified as OO from Surveillance System (DDSS) between 1993–2011. Two comparison groups such well-nourished malnourished respective age stratums selected. Results Isolation rate...
We sought to investigate the magnitude, clinical features, treatment, and outcome of children suffering from hypernatremic diarrhea identify risk factors for fatal among them. reviewed 2 data sets <15 years admitted in-patient ward Dhaka Hospital International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr, b) with hypernatremia (serum sodium ≥150 mmol/L): ( a) March 2001 2002 (n = 371) 2009 August 2011 360). their records collected relevant information analyses. The prevalence was...
Introduction Vitamin D is important for its immunomodulatory role and there an independent association between vitamin deficiency pneumonia. We assessed the effect of supplementation on outcome in children hospitalized severe Methods This was a randomised, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial aged >2–59 months with pneumonia attending Dhaka Hospital, icddr,b. Children received age-specific megadose 3 (20,000IU: <6 months, 50,000 IU: 6–12 100,000 IU:13–59 months) or placebo...
Hypernatremia (serum sodium ≥150mmol/L) is one of the most life-threatening complications childhood diarrhea, and its management remains challenging, even in a highly advanced critical care setting. This case report describes acute clinical course 3-month neurological follow-up after discharge an infant with extreme hypernatremia intensive unit Dhaka, Bangladesh. A 6-month-old Asian Bangladeshi girl middle-class socioeconomic status was admitted to our institution 2012 watery lethargy...
Nearly 150 million children under-5 years of age were stunted in 2020. We aimed to develop a clinical prediction rule (CPR) identify likely experience additional stunting following acute diarrhea, enable targeted approaches prevent this irreversible outcome. used and demographic data from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) build predictive models linear growth faltering (decrease ≥0.5 or ≥1.0 height-for-age z-score [HAZ] at 60-day follow-up) ≤59 months presenting with...
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM), defined anthropometrically as a weight-for-length z-score more than 3 standard deviations below the mean (WLZ<-3), affects 19 million children under 5-years-old worldwide. Complete anthropometric recovery after inventions is rare with often left moderate (MAM; WLZ -2 to -3). Here we conduct randomized controlled trial (RCT), involving 12-18-month-old Bangladeshi from urban and rural sites, who hospital-based treatment for SAM received 3-month intervention...
Globally, severe acute malnutrition (SAM), defined as a weight-for-length z -score more than three SDs below reference mean (WLZ < −3), affects 14 million children under 5 years of age. Complete anthropometric recovery after standard, short-term interventions is rare, with often left moderate (MAM; WLZ −2 to −3). We conducted randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 12- 18-month-old Bangladeshi from urban and rural sites, who, initial hospital-based treatment for SAM, received 3-month...