Hasan Ashraf
A5090079035- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
Mayo Clinic Hospital
2020-2024
Good Shepherd Rehabilitation
2024
Midwestern University
2024
Cotton (United States)
2024
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2024
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research
2007-2023
Mayo Clinic in Arizona
2019-2023
Yale University
2022
Mayo Clinic in Florida
2020-2021
WinnMed
2020-2021
Previous studies suggested an association between upper airway pneumococcal colonization density and pneumonia, but data in children are limited. Using from the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) study, we assessed this potential association. PERCH is a case-control study 7 countries: Bangladesh, The Gambia, Kenya, Mali, South Africa, Thailand, Zambia. Cases were aged 1–59 months hospitalized with World Organization–defined severe or very pneumonia. Controls randomly...
Viral hepatitis is a serious global public health problem affecting billions of people globally, and both B virus (HBV) C (HCV) infections are rapidly spreading in the developing countries including Bangladesh due to lack education, poverty, illiteracy vaccination. Also there information on their prevalence among general population. So, population-based serological survey was conducted Dhaka determine risk factors HBV HCV infections. Healthy individuals were selected for demographic...
Post-discharge mortality among children with severe illness in resource-limited settings is under-recognized and there are limited data. We evaluated post-discharge a recently reported cohort of malnutrition pneumonia, identified characteristics associated an increased risk death.Young (<5 years age) (WHO criteria) radiographic pneumonia on admission to Dhaka Hospital icddr,b over 15-month period were managed according standard protocols. Those discharged followed-up survival status at 12...
The etiologic inference of identifying a pathogen in the upper respiratory tract (URT) children with pneumonia is unclear. To determine if viral load could provide evidence causality pneumonia, we compared URT World Health Organization-defined severe and very age-matched community controls.In 9 developing country sites, nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs from without were tested using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for 17 viruses. association case status was evaluated...
Background Severe malnutrition is a risk factor for pneumonia due to wide range of pathogens but aetiological data are limited and the role Mycobacterium tuberculosis uncertain. Methods We prospectively investigated severely malnourished young children (<5 years) with radiological admitted over 15-month period. Investigations included blood culture, sputa microscopy mycobacterial culture. Xpert MTB/RIF assay was introduced during study. Study were followed 12 weeks following their discharge...
Chest radiographs (CXRs) are frequently used to assess pneumonia cases. Variations in CXR appearances between epidemiological settings and their correlation with clinical signs not well documented.The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health project enrolled 4232 cases of hospitalized World Organization (WHO)-defined severe very from 9 sites 7 countries (Bangladesh, the Gambia, Kenya, Mali, South Africa, Thailand, Zambia). At admission, each case underwent a standardized assessment risk...
The therapeutic efficacy of hyperimmune bovine colostrum (HBC) from cows immunized with four serotypes human rotavirus was evaluated in a double‐blind, randomized trial 75 boys, aged 6‐24 months, infected diarrhoea. treatment group received 100 ml HBC three times day for 3 consecutive days, while the controls same amount unimmunized cows. two groups were comparable at entry. Patients who had significantly shorter duration diarrhoea than (median 56 versus 72 h ( p < 0.001); confidence...
There is limited information on the association between colonization density of upper respiratory tract colonizers and pathogen-specific pneumonia. We assessed this for Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumocystis jirovecii.In 7 low- middle-income countries, nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs from children with severe pneumonia age-frequency matched community controls were tested using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differences in median...
Induced sputum (IS) may provide diagnostic information about the etiology of pneumonia. The safety this procedure across a heterogeneous population with severe pneumonia in low- and middle-income countries has not been described. IS specimens were obtained as part 7-country study very hospitalized children <5 years age. Rigorous clinical monitoring was done before, during, after to record oxygen requirement, saturation, respiratory rate, consciousness level, other evidence deterioration....
Aim: As there is lack of information about what happens to children after recovery from severe acute malnutrition (SAM), we report their relapse, morbidity, mortality and referral during follow-up period. Methods: From February 2001 November 2003, 180 completing nutrition rehabilitation (NR) phases protocolized management were advised for 6-months follow-up. The mean (SD) age was 12 (5) months, 55% infants, 53% male 68% breast-fed. Results: compliance rate dropped 91% at first 49% tenth...
Risks of death are high when children with pneumonia also have severe acute malnutrition (SAM) as a co-morbidity. However, there is limited published information on risk factors from in SAM children. We evaluated clinically identifiable associated under-five who were hospitalized for the management and SAM. For this unmatched case-control design, either sex, aged 0-59 months, admitted to Dhaka Hospital International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) during April 2011...
It is standard practice for laboratories to assess the cellular quality of expectorated sputum specimens check that they originated from lower respiratory tract. The presence low numbers squamous epithelial cells (SECs) and high polymorphonuclear (PMN) are regarded as indicative a tract specimen. However, these ratings have never been evaluated induced children with suspected pneumonia. We Gram stain smears cultures hospitalized aged 1–59 months enrolled in large study community-acquired...
Sputum examination can be useful in diagnosing the cause of pneumonia adults but is less well established children. We sought to assess diagnostic utility polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection respiratory viruses and bacteria induced sputum (IS) specimens from children hospitalized with severe or very pneumonia.Among aged 1-59 months, we compared organism by multiplex PCR IS nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) specimens. To whether presence density was associated chest radiographic...
Tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is a neglected zoonotic disease caused by infection with spirochaetes of the genus Borrelia. Humans usually contract it from bite infected soft ticks Ornithodoros. In Iran, where endemic in mountainous north-western provinces, reports over 200 cases annually probably under-estimate true incidence. The species, distribution and that are potential vectors Borrelia clinical epidemiological characteristics local TBRF were recently investigated villages around...
Abstract Objective To explore the predictors and outcome of hypoxaemia in children under 5 years age who were hospitalized for management diarrhoea Dhaka, where comorbidities are common. Methods In a prospective cohort study, we enrolled all <5 admitted to special care ward (SCW) Dhaka Hospital ICDDR,B from September December 2007. Those presented with (SpO 2 < 90%) constituted study group, those without formed comparison group. Results A total 258 enrolled, had diarrhoea. Of total,...
Background Clinical features of metabolic acidosis and pneumonia frequently overlap in young diarrheal children, resulting differentiation from each other very difficult. However, there is no published data on the predictors children also having pneumonia. Our objective was to evaluate clinical under-five with radiological pneumonia, their outcome. Methods We prospectively enrolled all (n = 164) admitted Special Care Ward (SCW) Dhaka Hospital icddr, b between September December 2007 diarrhea...
Background There is lack of information in the medical literature on predictors hypoxemia severely malnourished children with pneumonia, although common and often associated fatal outcome this population. We explored under-five who were hospitalized for management pneumonia severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Methods In unmatched case-control design, SAM both sexes, aged 0–59 months, admitted to Dhaka Hospital International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) radiological...
Variable adherence to standardized case definitions, clinical procedures, specimen collection techniques, and laboratory methods has complicated the interpretation of previous multicenter pneumonia etiology studies. To circumvent these problems, a program standardization was embedded in Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) study.Between March 2011 August 2013, training on PERCH definition, specimens delivered 331 staff at 9 study sites 7 countries (The Gambia, Kenya, Mali,...
Detection of pneumococcus by lytA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in blood had poor diagnostic accuracy for diagnosing pneumococcal pneumonia children 9 African and Asian sites. We assessed the value quantification pneumonia.The Pneumonia Etiology Research Child Health (PERCH) case-control study tested whole PCR aged 1-59 months hospitalized with signs age-frequency matched community controls. The distribution load among PCR-positive participants was compared between microbiologically...