Andrea N. DeLuca
A5036365920- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Ethics in Clinical Research
- Global Health and Surgery
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Sports injuries and prevention
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Johns Hopkins University
2016-2025
University of California, San Francisco
2025
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2008-2022
Amputee Coalition of America
2021
Government Medical College
2017-2018
ACCESS Health International
2017
Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children younger than 5 years. In this study, we estimated causes pneumonia in young African and Asian children, using novel analytical methods applied to clinical microbiological findings.
Little is known about the patient characteristics, social support networks, and relationship factors associated with excellent adherence in resource-limited settings, even though these can be important clues that inform identification of targets approaches individual- community-based antiretroviral therapy interventions. In this study, we aimed to understand how patient-selected treatment supports might affect outcomes identify key components support, including material resources necessary...
The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) project is a 7-country, standardized, comprehensive evaluation of the etiologic agents causing severe pneumonia in children from developing countries. During previous etiology studies, between one-quarter and one-third patients failed to yield an obvious etiology; PERCH will employ evaluate previously unavailable innovative, more sensitive diagnostic techniques. Innovative rigorous epidemiologic analytic methods be used establish...
Previous studies suggested an association between upper airway pneumococcal colonization density and pneumonia, but data in children are limited. Using from the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) study, we assessed this potential association. PERCH is a case-control study 7 countries: Bangladesh, The Gambia, Kenya, Mali, South Africa, Thailand, Zambia. Cases were aged 1–59 months hospitalized with World Organization–defined severe or very pneumonia. Controls randomly...
Lack of a gold standard for identifying bacterial and viral etiologies pneumonia has limited evaluation C-reactive protein (CRP) pneumonia. We evaluated the sensitivity specificity CRP vs respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Pneumonia Etiology Research Child Health (PERCH) multicenter case-control study. measured serum levels cases with World Organization–defined severe or very subset community controls. elevated "confirmed" (positive blood culture positive lung aspirate pleural fluid...
The etiologic inference of identifying a pathogen in the upper respiratory tract (URT) children with pneumonia is unclear. To determine if viral load could provide evidence causality pneumonia, we compared URT World Health Organization-defined severe and very age-matched community controls.In 9 developing country sites, nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs from without were tested using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for 17 viruses. association case status was evaluated...
Antibiotic exposure and specimen volume are known to affect pathogen detection by culture. Here we assess their effects on bacterial both culture polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in children. PERCH (Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health) is a case-control study of pneumonia children aged 1–59 months investigating pathogens blood, nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swabs, induced sputum PCR. was ascertained serum bioassay, cases, record antibiotic treatment prior collection....
Background More than 20% of tuberculosis (TB) disease worldwide may be attributable to smoking and alcohol abuse. India is the second largest consumer tobacco products, a major particularly among males, has highest burden TB globally. The impact increasing dose, relevance misuse past versus current or never status on treatment outcomes remain inadequately defined. Methods We conducted multi-centric prospective cohort study newly diagnosed adult pulmonary patients initiated followed for...
Chest radiographs (CXRs) are frequently used to assess pneumonia cases. Variations in CXR appearances between epidemiological settings and their correlation with clinical signs not well documented.The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health project enrolled 4232 cases of hospitalized World Organization (WHO)-defined severe very from 9 sites 7 countries (Bangladesh, the Gambia, Kenya, Mali, South Africa, Thailand, Zambia). At admission, each case underwent a standardized assessment risk...
There is limited information on the association between colonization density of upper respiratory tract colonizers and pathogen-specific pneumonia. We assessed this for Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumocystis jirovecii.In 7 low- middle-income countries, nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs from children with severe pneumonia age-frequency matched community controls were tested using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differences in median...
Induced sputum (IS) may provide diagnostic information about the etiology of pneumonia. The safety this procedure across a heterogeneous population with severe pneumonia in low- and middle-income countries has not been described. IS specimens were obtained as part 7-country study very hospitalized children <5 years age. Rigorous clinical monitoring was done before, during, after to record oxygen requirement, saturation, respiratory rate, consciousness level, other evidence deterioration....
Methods for the identification and selection of patients (cases) with severe or very pneumonia controls Pneumonia Etiology Research Child Health (PERCH) project were needed. Issues considered include eligibility criteria sampling strategies, whether to enroll hospital community controls, exclude upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) nonsevere pneumonia, matching criteria, among others. PERCH ultimately decided an additional human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected control group at high...
Few data exist describing pertussis epidemiology among infants and children in low- middle-income countries to guide preventive strategies. Children 1–59 months of age hospitalized with World Health Organization–defined severe or very pneumonia 7 African Asian similarly aged community controls were enrolled the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child study. They underwent a standardized clinical evaluation provided nasopharyngeal oropharyngeal swabs induced sputum (cases only) Bordetella...
Introduction Tuberculosis disease (TB) remains an important global health threat. An evidence-based response, tailored to local epidemiology in high-burden countries, is key controlling the TB epidemic. Reliable surrogate biomarkers that predict active and latent infection outcomes are vital advancing clinical research necessary ‘End TB’. Well executed longitudinal studies strengthening capacity for addressing priorities biomarker discovery urgently needed. Methods analysis The Cohort...
It is standard practice for laboratories to assess the cellular quality of expectorated sputum specimens check that they originated from lower respiratory tract. The presence low numbers squamous epithelial cells (SECs) and high polymorphonuclear (PMN) are regarded as indicative a tract specimen. However, these ratings have never been evaluated induced children with suspected pneumonia. We Gram stain smears cultures hospitalized aged 1–59 months enrolled in large study community-acquired...
We investigated the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on blood in diagnosis pneumococcal pneumonia among children from 7 low- and middle-income countries. tested by PCR for autolysin gene aged 1–59 months Pneumonia Etiology Research Child Health (PERCH) study. Children had World Organization–defined severe or very were age-frequency–matched community controls. Additionally, we general pediatric admissions Kilifi, Kenya, a PERCH site. The proportion PCR-positive was compared...
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease closely intertwined with stigma, discrimination, and the social determinants of health. Communities people affected by TB are experts in their care pathways, but field continues to fall short meaningfully engaging communities research. This a missed opportunity improve quality, relevance, person-centeredness, positive impact, sustainability research outputs. We acknowledge important progress that has been made date regarding community engagement TB,...
We conducted a prospective pilot study over 1-year period in New Caledonia preparation for the Pneumonia Research Child Health (PERCH) project. The pathogens associated with hospitalized lower respiratory infections children were identified through use of culture induced sputum and blood, urinary antigen detection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on specimens, serology paired sera. Respiratory viruses detected specimens by immunofluorescence PCR, Pathogens 87.9% 108 cases. Viruses...
Sputum examination can be useful in diagnosing the cause of pneumonia adults but is less well established children. We sought to assess diagnostic utility polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection respiratory viruses and bacteria induced sputum (IS) specimens from children hospitalized with severe or very pneumonia.Among aged 1-59 months, we compared organism by multiplex PCR IS nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) specimens. To whether presence density was associated chest radiographic...
Sputum microscopy and culture are commonly used for diagnosing the cause of pneumonia in adults but rarely performed children due to difficulties obtaining specimens. Induced sputum is occasionally investigate lower respiratory infections has not been widely etiology studies.
Defining occupational latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) risk among healthcare workers is needed to support implementation of prevention guidelines. Prospective cohort study 200 medical residents and nursing students in India was conducted May 2016-December 2017. Tuberculin skin test (TST) QuantiFERON TB Gold Test-in-tube (QFT-GIT) were performed at entry 12 months. Primary outcome incident LTBI (≥10mm TST induration and/or ≥0.35IU/mL QFT-GIT) months; secondary outcomes included baseline...