A5061451648- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
- Sex work and related issues
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Immune cells in cancer
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis
2016-2025
Emory University
2021-2024
Indian Council of Medical Research
2011-2024
Kerala Agricultural University
2022-2024
Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
2021-2023
Aflac (United States)
2021-2023
Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders
2020-2023
Emory and Henry College
2023
Thomas College
2023
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
2019-2021
Abstract Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is a devastating complication of diabetes whose pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here, we profile 174,962 single cells from the foot, forearm, and peripheral blood mononuclear using single-cell RNA sequencing. Our analysis shows enrichment unique population fibroblasts overexpressing MMP1, MMP3, MMP11, HIF1A, CHI3L1 , TNFAIP6 increased M1 macrophage polarization in DFU patients with healing wounds. Further, spatially separated samples same...
Poor medication adherence may increase rates of loss to follow-up, disease relapse and drug resistance for individuals with active tuberculosis (TB). While TB programmes have historically used directly observed therapy (DOT) address adherence, concerns been raised about the patient burden, ethical limitations, effectiveness in improving treatment outcomes long-term feasibility DOT health systems. Digital technologies (DATs)—which include feature phone–based smartphone-based technologies,...
In recent years, technology has been increasingly incorporated within healthcare for the provision of safe and efficient delivery services. Although this can be attributed to benefits that harnessed, digital potential exacerbate reinforce preexisting health disparities. Previous work highlighted how sociodemographic, economic, political factors affect individuals’ interactions with systems are termed social determinants [SDOH]. But, there is a paucity literature addressing intrinsic design,...
COVID-19 has inundated the entire world disrupting lives of millions people. The pandemic stressed healthcare system India impacting psychological status and functioning health care workers. aim this study is to determine burnout levels factors associated with risk distress among workers (HCW) engaged in management COVID 19 India.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) microenvironment exhibits cellular and molecular differences among various subtypes. Here, we utilize single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze pediatric AML bone marrow (BM) samples from diagnosis (Dx), end of induction (EOI), relapse timepoints. Analysis Dx, EOI scRNA-seq, TARGET RNA-seq datasets reveals an blasts-associated 7-gene signature (CLEC11A, PRAME, AZU1, NREP, ARMH1, C1QBP, TRH), which validate on independent datasets. The analysis distinct...
Abstract The nature and intensity of AIDS stigma are shaped by the social construction epidemic in different locales. Stigma therefore needs to be discussed its cultural context. This clinic-based study aims at understanding among 203 HIV positive individuals from Chennai, South India. throws light on impact quality life these individuals. It also discusses gender implications stigma. brings out findings that actual experienced those infected with is much less (26%) as compared fear being...
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare neurodegenerative caused by the expansion of an N-terminal repeat in huntingtin protein. The protein expressed all cells body; hence, peripheral tissues, such as blood, may recapitulate processes brain. plasma metabolome provide window into active that influence brain health and unique opportunity to noninvasively identify contribute neurodegeneration. Alterations metabolic pathways have been shown profoundly impact HD. Therefore, identification...
Background More than 20% of tuberculosis (TB) disease worldwide may be attributable to smoking and alcohol abuse. India is the second largest consumer tobacco products, a major particularly among males, has highest burden TB globally. The impact increasing dose, relevance misuse past versus current or never status on treatment outcomes remain inadequately defined. Methods We conducted multi-centric prospective cohort study newly diagnosed adult pulmonary patients initiated followed for...
Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) face challenges adhering to medications, given that treatment is prolonged and has a high rate of adverse effects. The Medication Event Reminder Monitor (MERM) digital pillbox provides pill-taking reminders facilitates the remote monitoring medication adherence.This study aims assess MERM's acceptability patients health care providers (HCPs) during pilot implementation in India's public sector MDR-TB program.From October 2017 September...
99DOTS is a cellphone-based strategy for monitoring tuberculosis medication adherence. In sample of 597 Indian patients with tuberculosis, we compared 99DOTS' adherence assessments against results urine isoniazid tests collected during unannounced home visits. had suboptimal accuracy measuring adherence, partly due to poor patient engagement 99DOTS.
Abstract Despite advancements in understanding the pathophysiology of Multiple Myeloma (MM), cause rapid progressing disease a subset patients is still unclear. MM’s progression facilitated by complex interactions with surrounding bone marrow (BM) cells, forming microenvironment that supports tumor growth and drug resistance. Understanding immune key to identifying factors promote MM. To accomplish this, we performed multi-center single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) study on 102,207 cells...
We compared the nutritional status of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection alone, HIV and tuberculosis (after completion antituberculosis treatment), HIV-negative found that malnutrition, anemia, hypoalbuminemia were most pronounced among HIV-positive patients tuberculosis. Weight loss was associated fat in female body cell mass male patients.
In India men who have sex with (MSM) are stigmatized, understudied, and at high risk for HIV. Understanding the impact of psychosocial issues on HIV behavior infection can help shape culturally relevant prevention interventions. Peer outreach workers recruited 210 MSM in Chennai completed an interviewer-administered assessment battery underwent testing counseling. More than one fifth (46/210) reported unprotected anal intercourse past 3 months, 8% tested positive HIV, 26% had previously...
Men who have sex with men (MSM) in India are a hidden population, facing unique environmental stressors and cultural pressures that place them at risk for depression. Depression may affect HIV behavior MSM, the degree to which MSM benefit from prevention interventions. India, however, has largely been understudied. Two hundred ten Chennai completed an interviewer-administered behavioral assessment battery, included 20-item Center Epidemiologic Studies Scale (CES-D), demographics, sexual...
Introduction With the creation of Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP), tuberculosis services have become decentralized and more accessible. A 1997 study prior to RNTCP implementation reported that most chest symptomatics accessed first private health care facilities a general dissatisfaction with government facilities. The was repeated post-RNTCP gain insight into current seeking behavior symptomatics. Methodology cross-sectional community-based carried out between March-August...
Although strong evidence indicates that the presence of a patient's family during resuscitation has positive effect on family, practice is still controversial and not consistently implemented.To explore nurses' experience with resuscitation, perceptions benefits risks having members present, self-confidence in at their workplace. Differences demographic characteristics relationships between perceived were evaluated.The study was descriptive, cross-sectional survey design. A convenience...
Background Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) among tuberculosis (TB) patients are associated with nonadherence and poor treatment outcomes. Studies from Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC), Chennai have reported that alcoholism has been one of the major reasons for default mortality in under DOTS programme South India. Hence, it is planned to conduct a study estimate prevalence alcohol use AUDs TB attending corporation health centres Chennai, Methodology This cross-sectional cohort covering 10...
Abstract Stigma has been shown to increase vulnerability HIV acquisition in many settings around the world. However, limited research conducted examining its role among men who have sex with (MSM) India, whose prevalence is far greater than general population. In 2009, 210 MSM Chennai completed an interviewer-administered assessment, including questions about stigma, sexual risk, demographics, and psychosocial variables. More one fifth of reported unprotected anal (UAS) past three months....
99DOTS is a cell phone-based strategy for monitoring tuberculosis (TB) medication adherence that has been rolled out to more than 150,000 patients in India's public health sector. A considerable proportion of stop using during therapy.This study aims understand reasons variability the acceptance and use by TB care providers (HCPs).We conducted qualitative interviews with individuals taking therapy government program Chennai Vellore (HIV-coinfected patients) Mumbai (HIV-uninfected across...
Pretreatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU) is a barrier tuberculosis (TB) control in India's Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP). PTLFU studies have not been conducted mega-cities, where patient mobility may complicate linkage care. We collected data from registries for May 2015 22 RNTCP designated microscopy centers (DMCs) Chennai and audited addresses phone numbers patients evaluated suspected understand how missing contact information contribute PTLFU. From November June 2016, we...