A5026506885- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Global Health and Epidemiology
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research
2016-2025
Food and Nutrition Service
2022
BRAC
2020
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2015
Aga Khan University
2013
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2013
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2013
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2013
Centre Pour le Développement des Vaccins-Mali
2013
National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases
2005-2013
The relationship among ( i ) the local incidence of cholera, ii prevalence in aquatic environment Vibrio cholerae , and iii bacterial viruses that attack potentially virulent O1 O139 serogroup strains this organism (cholera phages) was studied Dhaka, Bangladesh. Over nearly a 3-year period, we found significantly more environmental water samples contained either phage or phage-susceptible V. strain than both P < 0.00001). number cholera patients varied seasonally during period frequently...
Background. Diarrhea is a leading cause of illness and death among children aged <5 years in developing countries. This paper describes the clinical epidemiological methods used to conduct Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), 3-year, prospective, age-stratified, case/control study estimate population-based burden, microbiologic etiology, adverse consequences acute moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) censused population 0–59 months seeking care at health centers sub-Saharan Africa South...
Background The importance of Cryptosporidium as a pediatric enteropathogen in developing countries is recognized. Methods Data from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS), 3-year, 7-site, case-control study moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) and GEMS-1A (1-year MSD less-severe [LSD]) were analyzed. Stools 12,110 3,174 LSD cases among children aged <60 months 21,527 randomly-selected controls matched by age, sex community immunoassay-tested for Cryptosporidium. Species subset...
Diarrheal diseases remain a leading cause of illness and death among children younger than 5 years in low-income middle-income countries. The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) has described the incidence, aetiology, sequelae medically attended moderate-to-severe diarrhoea (MSD) aged 0-59 months residing censused populations sub-Saharan Africa south Asia, where most child deaths occur. To further characterise this disease burden guide interventions, we extended study to include with...
The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) was a 3-year case-control study that measured the burden, aetiology, and consequences of moderate-to-severe diarrhoea (MSD) in children aged 0-59 months. GEMS-1A, 12-month follow-on study, comprised two parallel studies, one assessing MSD other less-severe (LSD). In this report, we analyse risk death with each type specific pathogens associated fatal outcomes.GEMS prospective, age-stratified, matched done at seven sites Africa Asia. Children months...
Sustainable Development Goal 2.2-to end malnutrition by 2030-includes the elimination of child wasting, defined as a weight-for-length z-score that is more than two standard deviations below median World Health Organization standards for growth
Abstract Growth faltering in children (low length for age or low weight length) during the first 1,000 days of life (from conception to 2 years age) influences short-term and long-term health survival 1,2 . Interventions such as nutritional supplementation pregnancy postnatal period could help prevent growth faltering, but programmatic action has been insufficient eliminate high burden stunting wasting low- middle-income countries. Identification windows population subgroups on which focus...
We present here quantitative evidence for an increased role of interannual climate variability on the temporal dynamics infectious disease. The is based time-series analyses relationship between El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and cholera prevalence in Bangladesh (formerly Bengal) during two different time periods. A strong consistent signature ENSO apparent last decades (1980–2001), while it weaker eventually uncorrelated first parts century (1893–1920 1920–1940, respectively)....
The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, is a major center research into diarrheal diseases. treats more than 100,000 patients year. To obtain useful information representative of all patients, surveillance system in which 4% systematic sample studied detail, including etiological agents diarrhea, was installed October 1979. first paper on etiology the published 1982, identified potential enteric pathogen 66% patients. In subsequent years, several new diarrhea...
We estimated the effects of rainfall and temperature on number non-cholera diarrhoea cases identified population factors potentially affecting vulnerability to effect climate in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Weekly rainfall, hospital visits for were analysed by time-series regression. A Poisson regression model was used relationships controlling seasonally varying other than weather variables. Modifications investigated fitting models separately incidence series according their characteristics (sex,...
Phage predation of Vibrio cholerae has recently been reported to be a factor that influences seasonal epidemics cholera in Bangladesh. To understand more about this phenomenon, we studied the dynamics V. -phage interaction during recent epidemic Dhaka. Because outbreak strain causing was resistant multiple antibiotics, including streptomycin, used selective medium containing streptomycin monitor accurately abundance environment. The changing prevalence environment O1 and particular lytic...
ABSTRACT Individuals with blood group O are more susceptible than other individuals to severe cholera, although the mechanism underlying this association is unknown. To assess respective roles of both intrinsic host factors and adaptive immune responses that might influence susceptibility infection Vibrio cholerae , we prospectively followed a cohort household contacts patients cholera in Bangladesh. In study, made novel observation persons were less likely those groups become infected V. O1...
We characterized 1,534 rotavirus (RV) strains collected in Bangladesh from 1992 to 1997 assess temporal changes G type and study the most common P types using reverse transcription-PCR, oligonucleotide probe hybridization, monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay. Results this combined with our previous findings 1987 1991 (F. Bingnan et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:862-868, 1991, L. E. Unicomb Arch. Virol. 132:201-208, 1993) (n = 2,515 fecal specimens) demonstrated that distribution of...
ABSTRACT The prevalence of toxin types and colonization factors (CFs) enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) was prospectively studied with fresh samples ( n = 4,662) obtained from a 2% routine surveillance diarrheal stool over 2 years, September 1996 to August 1998. Stool were tested by enzyme-linked immunoassay techniques specific monoclonal antibodies for the toxins CFs. ETEC 14% 662), 70% strains isolated children 0 5 years age, whom 93% in 0- 3-year-old age range. Of total isolates,...
Diarrheal diseases are highly prevalent in Bangladesh. However, the relative contribution of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli organisms--those that enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC), enteroinvasive, enterohemorrhagic, enteroaggregative, and diffuse adherent--to diarrhea Bangladeshi populations is not known. With DNA probes specific for these E. strains, we analyzed fecal from 451 children up to 5 years age with acute seeking treatment at a Dhaka hospital 602 matched control...
Abstract Approximately 20,000 stool specimens from patients with diarrhea visiting an urban and a rural hospital in Bangladesh during January 2001–May 2006 were tested for group A rotavirus antigen, 4,712 (24.0%) positive. G P genotyping was performed on subset of 10% the positive samples (n = 471). During 2001–2005 seasons, G1P[8] (36.4%) G9P[8] (27.7%) dominant strains, but G2[4] G12P[6] present 15.4% 3.1% rotavirus-positive patients, respectively. 2005–06 season, G2P[4] (43.2%) appeared...
Multiple Vibrio cholerae infections in the same household are common. The objective of this study was to examine incidence V. infection and associated clinical symptoms contacts patients with cholera identify risk factors for development severe dehydration cohort.Household hospitalized were observed frequent assessments collection serum rectal swab samples culture a period 21 days after presentation index case.One-half (460 944) all reported diarrhea during period, most frequently began 2...
The parasitic causes of diarrhea have historically been identified by use microscopy; however, the this technique does not allow one to distinguish between subspecies or genotypes parasites. Our objective was determine, modern diagnostic methods, proportion cases in Bangladesh attributable Cryptosporidium hominis, parvum, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia assemblages A B.A prospective case-control study performed involving 3646 case patients (both children adults) who presented with...
The incidence of cholera in Bangladesh shows clear seasonality, suggesting that weather factors could play a role its epidemiology. We estimated the effects rainfall on Dhaka, Bangladesh.We examined time-series patterns weekly number hospital visits due to relation from 1996 2002. used Poisson regression models, adjusted for seasonal variation, between-year public holidays, and temperature. river level rainfall-cholera relationship was also by incorporating river-level terms into models.The...
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) means that the infant receives only breast milk for first six months of life after birth. In Bangladesh, prevalence EBF remained largely unchanged nearly two decades and was 43% in 2007. However, 2011, a 64% reported, an increase by 21 percentage points. The reasons this large change remain speculative at point. Thus to investigate issue further, study conducted. objective assess associated factors among mothers having children aged 0-6 rural Bangladesh.A...
Enteric pathogens are commonly associated with diarrhea among malnourished children. This study aimed to determine the association between severity of diarrheal illnesses and malnutrition under 5-year-old During 2010 2011, we studied 2,324 children mild disease (MD) moderate-to-severe (MSD) attending a hospital in Bangladesh. Children MSD were more likely be compared MD (35% versus 24%, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.53 [1.22, 1.92]), age...
Background Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) encoding heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) alone or with heat-labile (LT) cause moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) in developing country children. The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) identified ETEC ST among the top four enteropathogens. Since GEMS objective was to provide evidence guide development and implementation of enteric vaccines other interventions diminish diarrheal disease morbidity mortality, we examined colonization factor...
The association between childhood diarrheal disease and linear growth faltering in developing countries is well described. However, the impact attributed to specific pathogens has not been elucidated, nor of recommended antibiotic treatment.The Global Enteric Multicenter Study enrolled children with moderate severe diarrhea (MSD) seeking healthcare at 7 sites sub-Saharan Africa South Asia. At enrollment, we collected stool samples identify enteropathogens. Length/height was measured...
The prevalence of infection by the invasive parasite Entamoeba histolytica and noninvasive dispar was determined in 2000 children Bangladesh. Antigen detection identified more cases E. histolytica-E. than did culture or microscopy. Microscopic identification histolytica-E, complex stool not equate with diagnosis amebic dysentery because most infections this population were due to dispar: Urban diarrhea had a 4.2% 6.5% infection; rural asymptomatic 1.0% 7.0% infection. Shigella dysenteriae...