Pablo Peñataro Yori
A5089702991- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Malaria Research and Control
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Indigenous Health and Education
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Infant Health and Development
Prisma
2015-2025
University of Virginia
2019-2025
Johns Hopkins University
2011-2020
Christian Medical College & Hospital
2017
Proteogenomics Research Institute for Systems Medicine
2014
Duke University
2012
Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
2012
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
2012
Ministry of Health
2008
Universitat de València
2002
BackgroundMost studies of the causes diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries have looked at severe disease people presenting for care, there are few estimates pathogen-specific burdens community.MethodsWe undertook a birth cohort study with not only intensive community surveillance but also routine collection non-diarrhoeal stools from eight sites South America, Africa, Asia. We enrolled children within 17 days birth, diarrhoeal episodes (defined as maternal report three or more...
Highly prevalent conditions with multiple and complex underlying etiologies are a challenge to public health. Undernutrition, for example, affects 20% of children in the developing world. The cause consequence poor nutrition multifaceted. Undernutrition has been associated half all deaths worldwide aged <5 years; addition, its pernicious long-term effects early childhood have cognitive physical growth deficits across generations thought suppress immunity further infections reduce efficacy...
Optimum management of childhood diarrhoea in low-resource settings has been hampered by insufficient data on aetiology, burden, and associated clinical characteristics. We used quantitative diagnostic methods to reassess refine estimates aetiology from the Etiology, Risk Factors, Interactions Enteric Infections Malnutrition Consequences for Child Health Development (MAL-ED) cohort study.We re-analysed stool specimens multisite MAL-ED study children aged 0-2 years done at eight locations...
BackgroundEnteropathogen infections in early childhood not only cause diarrhoea but contribute to poor growth. We used molecular diagnostics assess whether particular enteropathogens were associated with linear growth across seven low-resource settings.MethodsWe quantitative PCR detect 29 diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal stools collected from children the first 2 years of life obtained during Etiology, Risk Factors, Interactions Enteric Infections Malnutrition Consequences for Child Health...
Enteric infections are associated with linear growth failure in children. To quantify the association between intestinal inflammation and three commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (neopterin [NEO], alpha-anti-trypsin [AAT], myeloperoxidase [MPO]) were performed a structured sampling of asymptomatic stool from children under longitudinal surveillance for diarrheal illness eight countries. Samples 537 contributed 1,169 AAT, 916 MPO, 954 NEO test results that significantly...
To describe the frequency and factors associated with antibiotic use in early childhood, estimate proportion of diarrhoea respiratory illnesses episodes treated antibiotics.Between 2009 2014, we followed 2134 children from eight sites Bangladesh, Brazil, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Peru, South Africa United Republic Tanzania, enrolled MAL-ED birth cohort study. We documented all mothers' reports at twice-weekly visits over children's first two years life. estimated incidence associations child...
Sustainable Development Goal 2.2-to end malnutrition by 2030-includes the elimination of child wasting, defined as a weight-for-length z-score that is more than two standard deviations below median World Health Organization standards for growth
Individuals in the developing world live conditions of intense exposure to enteric pathogens due suboptimal water and sanitation. These environmental lead alterations intestinal structure, function, local systemic immune activation that are collectively referred as enteropathy (EE). This condition, although poorly defined, is likely be exacerbated by undernutrition well being responsible for permanent growth deficits acquired early childhood, vaccine failure, loss human potential. article...
Background Although diarrheal illnesses are recognized as both a cause and effect of undernutrition, evidence for the specific enteropathogens on early childhood growth remains limited. We estimated effects undernutrition risk factor campylobacteriosis, well associations between symptomatic asymptomatic Campylobacter infections growth. Methodology/Principal Findings Using data from prospective cohort 442 children aged 0–72 months, nutritional status incidence infection was using uni-...
ABSTRACT Campylobacter is a common bacterial enteropathogen that can be detected in stool by culture, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), or PCR. We compared culture for C. jejuni/C. coli , EIA (ProSpecT), and duplex PCR to distinguish non- jejuni/coli on 432 diarrheal matched control samples from infants multisite longitudinal study of enteric infections Tanzania, Bangladesh, Peru. The sensitivity specificity were 8.5% 97.6%, respectively, with the results 8.7% 98.0%, . Most (71.6%) EIA-positive...
Background. Norovirus is an important cause of childhood diarrhea. We present data from a longitudinal, multicountry study describing norovirus epidemiology during the first 2 years life. Methods. A birth cohort 1457 children across 8 countries contributed 7077 diarrheal stools for testing. subset 199 additional asymptomatic samples (2307) and (770), which were used to derive incidence rates evaluate evidence acquired immunity. Results. Across sites, 89% experienced at least 1 infection...
Abstract Background Shigella is a leading cause of acute watery diarrhea, dysentery, and diarrhea-attributed linear growth faltering, precursor to stunting lifelong morbidity. Several promising vaccines are in development field efficacy trials will require consortium potential vaccine trial sites with up-to-date diarrhea incidence data. Methods The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) surveillance study employ facility-based enrollment cases aged 6–35 months 3 follow-up establish rates document...
Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) Campylobacter is a global health threat, however there limited information on genomic determinants of resistance in low- and middle-income countries. We evaluated AMR using collection whole genome sequenced jejuni C. coli isolates from Iquitos, Peru. two pediatric cohort studies enriched with that demonstrated to ciprofloxacin azithromycin were mined for determinants. The gyrA mutation leading the Thr86Ile amino acid change was only associated fluoroquinolone...
Shigella is a major cause of diarrhea in young children worldwide. Multiple vaccines targeting are development, and phase 3 clinical trials imminent to determine efficacy against shigellosis. The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) surveillance study designed the incidence medically attended shigellosis 6- 35-month-old 7 resource-limited settings. Here, we describe microbiological methods used isolate identify Shigella. We developed standardized laboratory protocol isolation identification by...
Growth and development shortfalls that are disproportionately prevalent in children living poor environmental conditions postulated to result, at least part, from abnormal gut function. Using data The Etiology, Risk Factors, Interactions of Enteric Infections Malnutrition the Consequences for Child Health Development (MAL-ED) longitudinal cohort study, we examine biomarkers inflammation permeability relation exposures feeding practices. Trends concentrations three biomarkers, myeloperoxidase...
Background Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) have been associated with mildly inflammatory diarrhea in outbreaks and travelers increasingly recognized as enteric pathogens young children without overt diarrhea. We examined the risk factors for EAEC infections their associations environmental enteropathy biomarkers growth outcomes over first two years of life eight low-resource settings MAL-ED study. Methods were detected by PCR gene probes aatA aaiC virulence traits 27,094 non-diarrheal...
Studies examining the etiology-specific effects of diarrheal disease on growth are limited and variable in their analytic methods, making comparisons difficult priority setting based these findings challenging. A study by Black et al (Black RE, Brown KH, Becker S. Effects diarrhea associated with specific enteropathogens children rural Bangladesh. Pediatrics. 1984;33:1004-1009.) examined association between Shigella enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-related weight gain linear Bangladeshi aged...
Plasmodium vivax and falciparum cause a significant illness burden in Peru. Anopheline indices for populated communities the peri-Iquitos region of Loreto have been reported to be remarkably low, with entomological inoculation rates (EIR) estimated at one 30 infective bites per year based on few studies close proximity urban centre Iquitos surrounding deforested areas. Local reports suggest that large number cases are contracted outside undeveloped riverine areas frequented by loggers...
Early childhood enteric infections have adverse impacts on child growth and can inhibit normal mucosal responses to oral vaccines, two critical components of environmental enteropathy. To evaluate the role indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) activity its relationship with these outcomes, we measured tryptophan kynurenine–tryptophan ratio (KTR) in longitudinal birth cohorts a high prevalence stunting. Children rural Peru Tanzania ( N = 494) contributed 1,251 plasma samples at 3, 7, 15, 24...
Cryptosporidium species are enteric protozoa that cause significant morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. We characterized the epidemiology of from 8 resource-limited sites Africa, Asia, South America.Children were enrolled within 17 days birth followed twice weekly for 24 months. Diarrheal monthly surveillance stool samples tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Socioeconomic data collected survey, anthropometry was measured monthly.Sixty-five percent (962/1486) had a...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Astroviruses are important drivers of viral gastroenteritis but remain understudied in community settings and low- middle-income countries. We present data from 8 countries with high prevalence diarrhea undernutrition to describe astrovirus epidemiology assess evidence for protective immunity among children 0 2 years age. METHODS: used 25 898 surveillance stools 7077 diarrheal contributed by 2082 enteropathogen testing, longitudinal statistical analysis incidence,...
Histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) such as fucosyltransferase (FUT)2 and 3 may act innate host factors that differentially influence susceptibility of individuals their offspring to pediatric enteric infections.
A stool and serosurvey for Strongyloides stercoralis was conducted in a community the Peruvian Amazon region. Strongyloidiasis identified of 69 (8.7%) 792 participants. Six hundred nine sera were tested using by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which had sensitivity 92% specificity 94%; 442 (72%) positive. In multivariable logistic regression models, having S. associated with hookworm same specimen (odds ratio [OR] = 4.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.02–9.79), occasionally or...
OBJECTIVE. Our goal was to estimate the impact of a Shigella vaccine in an area where shigellosis is endemic by characterizing disease burden and antibiotic-resistance profiles isolates determining prevalence flexneri serotypes. PATIENTS AND METHODS. We conducted 43-month-long prospective, community-based diarrheal surveillance 442 children &lt;72 months age Peruvian Amazon between October 1, 2002, April 15, 2006. RESULTS. The incidence 4.38 episodes per child-year. rate for 0.34...