A5100454205- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Travel-related health issues
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Machine Learning in Materials Science
Qingdao University
2022-2025
University of Virginia
2015-2025
Kunming Medical University
2024
Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry
2022
China Agricultural University
2022
Kunming Institute of Botany
2019
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2019
University of Louisville
2019
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention
2012-2014
Optimum management of childhood diarrhoea in low-resource settings has been hampered by insufficient data on aetiology, burden, and associated clinical characteristics. We used quantitative diagnostic methods to reassess refine estimates aetiology from the Etiology, Risk Factors, Interactions Enteric Infections Malnutrition Consequences for Child Health Development (MAL-ED) cohort study.We re-analysed stool specimens multisite MAL-ED study children aged 0-2 years done at eight locations...
BackgroundEnteropathogen infections in early childhood not only cause diarrhoea but contribute to poor growth. We used molecular diagnostics assess whether particular enteropathogens were associated with linear growth across seven low-resource settings.MethodsWe quantitative PCR detect 29 diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal stools collected from children the first 2 years of life obtained during Etiology, Risk Factors, Interactions Enteric Infections Malnutrition Consequences for Child Health...
Introduction Diarrhoea remains a leading cause of child morbidity and mortality. Systematically collected analysed data on the aetiology hospitalised diarrhoea in low-income middle-income countries are needed to prioritise interventions. Methods We established Global Pediatric Diarrhea Surveillance network, which children under 5 years with were enrolled at 33 sentinel surveillance hospitals 28 countries. Randomly selected stool specimens tested by quantitative PCR for 16 causes diarrhoea....
The etiology of acute watery diarrhea remains poorly characterized, particularly after rotavirus vaccine introduction. We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction for multiple enteropathogens on 878 diarrheal stools sampled from 14643 episodes captured by surveillance children <5 years age during 2013–2014 16 countries. used previously developed models the association between pathogen quantity and to calculate pathogen-specific weighted attributable fractions (AFs). Rotavirus...
Acute febrile illness (AFI) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet an etiologic agent often not identified. Convalescent-phase serology impractical, blood culture slow, many pathogens are fastidious or impossible to cultivate. We developed a real-time PCR-based TaqMan array card (TAC) that can test six eight samples within 2.5 h from sample results simultaneously detect 26 AFI-associated organisms, including 15 viruses (chikungunya, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic...
Oral rotavirus vaccines have consistently proven to be less immunogenic among infants in developing countries. Discrepancies the intestinal microbiota, including a greater burden of enteropathogens and an altered commensal community composition, may contribute this trend by inhibiting replication vaccine viruses. To test possibility, we performed nested case–control study Vellore, India, which compared microbiota who responded serologically or not after two doses Rotarix delivered at 6 10...
Oral polio vaccine (OPV) and rotavirus (RV) exhibit poorer performance in low-income settings compared to high-income settings. Prior studies have suggested an inhibitory effect of concurrent non-polio enterovirus (NPEV) infection, but the impact other enteric infections has not been comprehensively evaluated. In urban Bangladesh, we tested stools for a broad range viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi by quantitative PCR from infants at weeks 6 10 life, coincident with first OPV RV...
Abstract Background We assessed the impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infant young child feeding (IYCF) interventions on enteric infections in Sanitation Hygiene Infant Nutrition Efficacy (SHINE) trial rural Zimbabwe. Methods tested stool samples collected at 1, 3, 6, 12 months age during diarrhea using quantitative molecular diagnostics for 29 pathogens. estimated effects WASH, IYCF, combined WASH + IYCF individual enteropathogen prevalence quantity, total numbers pathogens...
Abstract Background We evaluated the burden of Shigella spp from children aged 0–59 months with medically attended moderate-to-severe diarrhea and matched controls at sites in Mali, The Gambia, Kenya participating Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea Africa (VIDA) study 2015 to 2018. Methods were identified using coprocultures serotyping addition quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Episode-specific attributable fractions (AFe) for calculated DNA quantity; cases AFe ≥0.5 considered have...
Abstract Background Shigella is a leading cause of acute watery diarrhea, dysentery, and diarrhea-attributed linear growth faltering, precursor to stunting lifelong morbidity. Several promising vaccines are in development field efficacy trials will require consortium potential vaccine trial sites with up-to-date diarrhea incidence data. Methods The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) surveillance study employ facility-based enrollment cases aged 6–35 months 3 follow-up establish rates document...
Culture-independent diagnostics have revealed a larger burden of Shigella among children in low-resource settings than previously recognized. We further characterized the epidemiology first two years life multisite birth cohort. tested 41,405 diarrheal and monthly non-diarrheal stools from 1,715 for by quantitative PCR. To assess risk factors, clinical factors related to age culture positivity, associations with inflammatory biomarkers, we used log-binomial regression generalized estimating...
Histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) such as fucosyltransferase (FUT)2 and 3 may act innate host factors that differentially influence susceptibility of individuals their offspring to pediatric enteric infections.
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting ipaH has been proven to be highly efficient in detecting Shigella clinical samples compared culture-based methods, which underestimate burden by 2- 3-fold. qPCR assays have also developed for speciation and serotyping, is critical both vaccine development evaluation. The Enterics Global Health (EFGH) surveillance study will utilize a customized real-time PCR-based TaqMan Array Card (TAC) interrogating 82 targets, the detection...
Etiologic studies of diarrhea are limited by uneven diagnostic methods and frequent asymptomatic detection enteropathogens. Polymerase chain reaction-based stool pathogen quantification may help distinguish clinically significant infections. We performed a nested case-control study in infants from community-based birth cohort Tanzania. tested 71 diarrheal samples pre-diarrheal matched controls with laboratory-developed TaqMan Array Card for 19 With qualitative detection, no pathogens were...
Childhood diarrhea in low-resource settings has been variably linked to linear growth shortfalls. However, the association between etiology-specific and not comprehensively evaluated. We tested diarrheal stools collected from Performance of Rotavirus Oral Polio Vaccines Developing Countries study 2011 2013 Dhaka, Bangladesh, by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for a broad range enteropathogens characterize etiology examine systemic inflammation. Pathogen-specific burdens were...
Abstract Background We evaluated the impact of low-cost water, sanitation, and handwashing (WSH) child nutrition interventions on enteropathogen carriage in WASH Benefits cluster-randomized controlled trial rural Bangladesh. Methods analyzed 1411 routine fecal samples from children 14 ± 2 months old WSH (n = 369), counseling plus lipid-based nutrient supplement 353), 360), control 329) arms for 34 enteropathogens using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Outcomes included number...
<ns4:p>Background The TaqMan Array Card (TAC) is an arrayed, high-throughput qPCR platform that can simultaneously detect multiple targets in a single reaction. However, the manual post-run analysis of TAC data time consuming and subject to interpretation. We sought automate using machine learning models. Methods used 165,214 amplification curves from two studies train test eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) Previous analyses by experts were as gold standard. First, classification model...
Mesh generation plays a crucial role in scientific computing. Traditional mesh methods, such as TFI and PDE-based often struggle to achieve balance between efficiency quality. To address this challenge, physics-informed intelligent learning methods have recently emerged, significantly improving while maintaining high However, fail generalize when applied previously unseen geometries, even small changes the boundary shape necessitate burdensome retraining adapt new geometric variations. In...
ABSTRACT Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of childhood and travelers’ diarrhea. The vaccine candidate ETVAX encompasses several ETEC colonization factors (CFs) with hybrid LT (heat-labile toxin)/cholera toxin B subunit adjuvanted double-mutant LT. Stool samples from Phase 2b trial were tested by PCR-based customized TaqMan Array Card (TAC), including three genes (LT heat-stable toxins, STh STp) 18 CFs. also the molecular platform Amplidiag culture, followed...