A5013824432- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Global Health and Surgery
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Malaria Research and Control
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre
2013-2023
Tumaini University
2007-2023
Amref Health Africa
2022
Radboud University Nijmegen
2004-2021
Radboud University Medical Center
2004-2021
Mental Health Commission
2018-2020
East, Central and Southern Africa Health Community
2016-2020
Christian Medical College & Hospital
2008-2018
Clinical Research Institute
2010-2018
Republic of Burundi
2017
ABSTRACT The TaqMan Array Card (TAC) system is a 384-well singleplex real-time PCR format that has been used to detect multiple infection targets. Here we developed an enteric 19 enteropathogens, including viruses (adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus GII, rotavirus, and sapovirus), bacteria ( Campylobacter jejuni/C. coli , Clostridium difficile Salmonella Vibrio cholerae diarrheagenic Escherichia strains enteroaggregative E. [EAEC], enterotoxigenic [ETEC], enteropathogenic [EPEC],...
Tuberculosis is the world's leading infectious disease killer. We aimed to identify shorter, safer drug regimens for treatment of tuberculosis.We did a randomised controlled, open-label trial with multi-arm, multi-stage design. The was done in seven sites South Africa and Tanzania, including hospitals, health centres, clinical centres. Patients newly diagnosed, rifampicin-sensitive, previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly assigned 1:1:1:1:2 ratio receive (all orally) either...
Infectious diseases exert a constant evolutionary pressure on the genetic makeup of our innate immune system. Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) have been related to susceptibility Gram-negative infections and septic shock. Here we show that two polymorphisms TLR4, Asp299Gly Thr399Ile, unique distributions populations from Africa, Asia, Europe. Genetic functional studies are compatible with model which nonsynonymous polymorphism has evolved as protective allele against malaria,...
SummaryBackgroundThe broad use of bedaquiline and pretomanid as the mainstay new regimens to combat tuberculosis is a risk due increasing resistance. We aimed assess safety, bactericidal activity, pharmacokinetics BTZ-043, first-in-class DprE1 inhibitor with strong activity in murine models.MethodsThis open-label, dose-expansion, randomised, controlled, phase 1b/2a trial was conducted two specialised sites Cape Town, South Africa. Adults aged 18–64 years newly diagnosed pulmonary sensitive...
At the local level, malaria transmission clusters in hotspots, which may be a group of households that experience higher than average exposure to infectious mosquitoes. Active case detection often relying on rapid diagnostic tests for mass screen and treat campaigns has been proposed as method detect individuals hotspots. Data from cross-sectional survey conducted north-western Tanzania were used examine spatial distribution Plasmodium falciparum relationship between household parasite...
Acute febrile illness (AFI) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet an etiologic agent often not identified. Convalescent-phase serology impractical, blood culture slow, many pathogens are fastidious or impossible to cultivate. We developed a real-time PCR-based TaqMan array card (TAC) that can test six eight samples within 2.5 h from sample results simultaneously detect 26 AFI-associated organisms, including 15 viruses (chikungunya, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic...
Despite concerted efforts over the past 2 decades at developing new diagnostics, drugs, and vaccines with expanding pipelines, tuberculosis remains a global emergency. Several novel diagnostic technologies show promise of better point-of-care rapid tests for including nucleic acid-based amplification tests, imaging, breath analysis volatile organic compounds. Advances in repurposed drugs use multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) have focused on development several...
Tuberculosis remains a huge public health problem and the prolonged treatment duration obstructs effective tuberculosis control. Higher rifampicin doses have been associated with better bactericidal activity, but optimal dosing is uncertain. This analysis aimed to characterize relationship between plasma exposure response over 6 months in recent study investigating potential for shortening high-dose rifampicin.Data were analyzed from 336 patients pulmonary (97 pharmacokinetic data) treated...
Diarrhea can be caused by a range of pathogens, including several bacteria. Conventional diagnostic methods, such as culture, biochemical tests, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), are laborious. We developed 7-plex PCR-Luminex to simultaneously screen for the major diarrhea-causing bacteria directly in fecal specimens, pathogenic Aeromonas, Campylobacter jejuni, coli, Salmonella, Shigella, enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC), Vibrio, Yersinia. included an extrinsic control...
Abstract Objectives SQ109, an asymmetrical diamine, is a novel anti-TB drug candidate. This first study in patients was done to determine safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and bacteriological effect of different doses SQ109 alone combination with rifampicin when administered over 14 days. Patients methods Smear-positive pulmonary TB were randomized into six groups 15 receive once-daily oral treatment 75, 150 or 300 mg (10 mg/kg body weight), plus for hospitalized supervised treatment,...
To assess adherence to community-based directly observed treatment (DOT) among Tanzanian tuberculosis patients using the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) and validate alternative measures for resource-limited settings MEMS as a gold standard.This was longitudinal pilot study of 50 recruited consecutively from one rural hospital, urban hospital two health centres. Treatment monitored with validity following assessed: isoniazid urine test, colour Morisky scale, Brief Questionnaire,...
ABSTRACT In a multiple-dose-ranging trial, we previously evaluated higher doses of rifampin in patients for 2 weeks. The objectives the current study were to administer longer period compare pharmacokinetics, safety/tolerability, and bacteriological activity such regimens. double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical 150 Tanzanian with tuberculosis (TB) randomized receive either 600 mg (approximately 10 mg/kg body weight), 900 mg, or 1,200 combined standard isoniazid,...
In this comparative biomarker study, we analysed 1768 serial sputum samples from 178 patients at 4 sites in Southeast Africa. We show that tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA) reduces time-to-TB-bacillary-load-result days/weeks by culture to hours and detects early patient treatment response. By day 14 of treatment, 5% had cleared bacillary load zero, rising 58% 12th week treatment. Fall correlated with mycobacterial growth indicator tube time-to-positivity (Spearmans...
Reliable phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing can be a challenge in clinical settings low- and middle-income countries. WGS is promising approach to enhance current capabilities. To study diversity resistance determinants predict compare patterns from data of Acinetobacter baumannii with results classical microbiological at tertiary care hospital Tanzania. MLST using Pasteur/Oxford schemes yielded eight different STs each scheme. Of the eight, two were identified global clones 1...
Excessive use of antibiotics, especially watch group antibiotics such as ceftriaxone leads to emergence and spread antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In low middle-income countries (LMICs), are overused but data on consumption is scarcely available. We aimed at determining the extent predictors in a tertiary care university teaching hospital Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2013 through 2015. Patients admitted medical, surgical wards their...
Etiologic studies of diarrhea are limited by uneven diagnostic methods and frequent asymptomatic detection enteropathogens. Polymerase chain reaction-based stool pathogen quantification may help distinguish clinically significant infections. We performed a nested case-control study in infants from community-based birth cohort Tanzania. tested 71 diarrheal samples pre-diarrheal matched controls with laboratory-developed TaqMan Array Card for 19 With qualitative detection, no pathogens were...