A5008790762- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Moringa oleifera research and applications
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
- Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
- Healthcare and Environmental Waste Management
- Phytochemistry and Bioactive Compounds
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
University of Venda
2016-2025
University of Limpopo
2006-2024
University of Agriculture Faisalabad
2024
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology
2017
Johns Hopkins University
2017
University of Virginia
2006-2008
University of South Africa
2007-2008
Center for Global Health
2006-2007
University of the Philippines Manila
2007
Africa Center
2007
BackgroundMost studies of the causes diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries have looked at severe disease people presenting for care, there are few estimates pathogen-specific burdens community.MethodsWe undertook a birth cohort study with not only intensive community surveillance but also routine collection non-diarrhoeal stools from eight sites South America, Africa, Asia. We enrolled children within 17 days birth, diarrhoeal episodes (defined as maternal report three or more...
Highly prevalent conditions with multiple and complex underlying etiologies are a challenge to public health. Undernutrition, for example, affects 20% of children in the developing world. The cause consequence poor nutrition multifaceted. Undernutrition has been associated half all deaths worldwide aged <5 years; addition, its pernicious long-term effects early childhood have cognitive physical growth deficits across generations thought suppress immunity further infections reduce efficacy...
Optimum management of childhood diarrhoea in low-resource settings has been hampered by insufficient data on aetiology, burden, and associated clinical characteristics. We used quantitative diagnostic methods to reassess refine estimates aetiology from the Etiology, Risk Factors, Interactions Enteric Infections Malnutrition Consequences for Child Health Development (MAL-ED) cohort study.We re-analysed stool specimens multisite MAL-ED study children aged 0-2 years done at eight locations...
BackgroundEnteropathogen infections in early childhood not only cause diarrhoea but contribute to poor growth. We used molecular diagnostics assess whether particular enteropathogens were associated with linear growth across seven low-resource settings.MethodsWe quantitative PCR detect 29 diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal stools collected from children the first 2 years of life obtained during Etiology, Risk Factors, Interactions Enteric Infections Malnutrition Consequences for Child Health...
Enteric infections are associated with linear growth failure in children. To quantify the association between intestinal inflammation and three commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (neopterin [NEO], alpha-anti-trypsin [AAT], myeloperoxidase [MPO]) were performed a structured sampling of asymptomatic stool from children under longitudinal surveillance for diarrheal illness eight countries. Samples 537 contributed 1,169 AAT, 916 MPO, 954 NEO test results that significantly...
Background. Enteropathogen infections have been associated with enteric dysfunction and impaired growth in children low-resource settings. In a multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED), we describe the epidemiology impact of Campylobacter infection first 2 years life. Methods. Children were actively followed up until 24 months age. Diarrheal nondiarrheal stool samples collected tested by enzyme immunoassay for Campylobacter. Stool blood assayed markers intestinal permeability inflammation....
Giardia are among the most common enteropathogens detected in children low-resource settings. We describe here epidemiology of infection with first 2 years life Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions Enteric Infections Malnutrition Consequences for Child Health Development Project (MAL-ED), a multisite birth-cohort study.From 2089 children, 34916 stool samples collected during monthly surveillance episodes diarrhea were tested using an enzyme immunoassay. quantified risk detection,...
Individuals in the developing world live conditions of intense exposure to enteric pathogens due suboptimal water and sanitation. These environmental lead alterations intestinal structure, function, local systemic immune activation that are collectively referred as enteropathy (EE). This condition, although poorly defined, is likely be exacerbated by undernutrition well being responsible for permanent growth deficits acquired early childhood, vaccine failure, loss human potential. article...
Consumption of microbial-contaminated water can result in diarrheal illnesses and enteropathy with the heaviest impact upon children below age five. We aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis quality low-resource setting Limpopo province, South Africa. Surveys were conducted 405 households rural communities province determine their water-use practices, perceptions quality, household water-treatment methods. Drinking samples tested from for microbiological contamination. Water potential...
Background. Norovirus is an important cause of childhood diarrhea. We present data from a longitudinal, multicountry study describing norovirus epidemiology during the first 2 years life. Methods. A birth cohort 1457 children across 8 countries contributed 7077 diarrheal stools for testing. subset 199 additional asymptomatic samples (2307) and (770), which were used to derive incidence rates evaluate evidence acquired immunity. Results. Across sites, 89% experienced at least 1 infection...
Fourteen plants used in traditional medicine the Venda region of South Africa were screened for activity against fifteen bacterial species. Methanol, acetone and hexane extracts some cases essential oils tested using disc diffusion microdilution methods. Most active at least one Methanol most while Gram positive bacteria sensitive as compared to negative bacteria. This study has revealed strong vitro Syzigium cordatum, Peltophorum africanum, Rhoicissus tridentata, Bridelia micrantha Ximenia...
A central hypothesis of The Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions Enteric Infections Malnutrition the Consequences for Child Health Development (MAL-ED) study is that enteropathogens contribute to growth faltering. To examine this question, MAL-ED network investigators set out achieve 3 goals: (1) develop harmonized protocols test a diverse range enteropathogens, (2) provide quality-assured comparable results from 8 global sites, (3) maximum laboratory throughput minimum cost. This paper...
Growth and development shortfalls that are disproportionately prevalent in children living poor environmental conditions postulated to result, at least part, from abnormal gut function. Using data The Etiology, Risk Factors, Interactions of Enteric Infections Malnutrition the Consequences for Child Health Development (MAL-ED) longitudinal cohort study, we examine biomarkers inflammation permeability relation exposures feeding practices. Trends concentrations three biomarkers, myeloperoxidase...
Background Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) have been associated with mildly inflammatory diarrhea in outbreaks and travelers increasingly recognized as enteric pathogens young children without overt diarrhea. We examined the risk factors for EAEC infections their associations environmental enteropathy biomarkers growth outcomes over first two years of life eight low-resource settings MAL-ED study. Methods were detected by PCR gene probes aatA aaiC virulence traits 27,094 non-diarrheal...
Culture-independent diagnostics have revealed a larger burden of Shigella among children in low-resource settings than previously recognized. We further characterized the epidemiology first two years life multisite birth cohort. tested 41,405 diarrheal and monthly non-diarrheal stools from 1,715 for by quantitative PCR. To assess risk factors, clinical factors related to age culture positivity, associations with inflammatory biomarkers, we used log-binomial regression generalized estimating...
Cryptosporidium species are enteric protozoa that cause significant morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. We characterized the epidemiology of from 8 resource-limited sites Africa, Asia, South America.Children were enrolled within 17 days birth followed twice weekly for 24 months. Diarrheal monthly surveillance stool samples tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Socioeconomic data collected survey, anthropometry was measured monthly.Sixty-five percent (962/1486) had a...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Astroviruses are important drivers of viral gastroenteritis but remain understudied in community settings and low- middle-income countries. We present data from 8 countries with high prevalence diarrhea undernutrition to describe astrovirus epidemiology assess evidence for protective immunity among children 0 2 years age. METHODS: used 25 898 surveillance stools 7077 diarrheal contributed by 2082 enteropathogen testing, longitudinal statistical analysis incidence,...
Dengue virus (DENV) causes a spectrum of diseases ranging from asymptomatic, mild febrile to life-threatening illness: dengue hemorrhagic fever. The main clinical symptom is fever, similar that malaria. prevalence infection, alone or in association with other endemic infectious children Cameroon unknown. aim this study was determine the dengue, malaria and HIV presenting fever associated risk factors. overall 20.2%, Malaria cases were 52.7% represented 12.6%. dengue-HIV co-infection 6.0%...
Green synthesis using plant extracts has emerged as an eco-friendly, clean, and viable alternative to chemical physical approaches. Herein, the leaf, stem, root of Lannea discolor were utilized a reducing stabilizing agent in synthesizing gold (AuNPs) copper (CuNPs) nanoparticles. The formation AuNPs CuNPs, confirmed by their color change, was characterized UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), transmission (TEM),...
Waterborne pathogens present a significant threat to people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). This study presents randomized, controlled trial that evaluates whether household-level ceramic water filter (CWF) intervention can improve drinking quality and decrease days of diarrhea in PLWH rural South Africa. Seventy-four participants were randomized an group CWFs control without filters. Participants CWF arm received impregnated silver nanoparticles associated safe-storage...