A5051465457- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Gut microbiota and health
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
Prisma
2020-2024
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) targeting ipaH has been proven to be highly efficient in detecting Shigella clinical samples compared culture-based methods, which underestimate burden by 2- 3-fold. qPCR assays have also developed for speciation and serotyping, is critical both vaccine development evaluation. The Enterics Global Health (EFGH) surveillance study will utilize a customized real-time PCR-based TaqMan Array Card (TAC) interrogating 82 targets, the detection...
The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Peru site will enroll subjects in a periurban area of the low Amazon rainforest. political department Loreto lags behind most access to improved sources water and sanitation, per capita income, children born <2.5 kg, infant child mortality. Chronic undernutrition as manifested by linear growth shortfalls is common, but wasting acute malnutrition are not. recruitment seeking care diarrheal disease takes place at geographic cluster government-based primary...
Molecular diagnostics on human fecal samples have identified a larger burden of shigellosis than previously appreciated by culture. Evidence fold changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) to conserved and type-specific Shigella antigens could be used validate the molecular assignment as etiology acute diarrhea support polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based microbiologic end points for vaccine trials. We will test dried blood spots collected at enrollment 4 weeks later using bead-based immunoassays...
The measurement of fecal inflammatory biomarkers among individuals presenting to care with diarrhea could improve the identification bacterial diarrheal episodes that would benefit from antibiotic therapy. We reviewed prior literature in this area and describe our proposed methods evaluate 4 Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study. systematically studies since 1970 PubMed Embase assessed diagnostic characteristics identify episodes. extracted sensitivity specificity...
Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide and associated with high rates mortality linear growth faltering in children living low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). jejuni coli most often the causative agents enteric disease among LMICs. However, previous work on collection stool samples from under 2 years age, low resource community Peru either acute diarrheal or asymptomatic, were found be qPCR positive for species but negative C . The goal this study was...
Using previously validated microbial source tracking markers, we detected and quantified fecal contamination from avian species exposure, dogs, humans on household cooking tables floors. The association among contamination, infrastructure, socioeconomic covariates was assessed using simple multiple ordinal logistic regressions. presence of Campylobacter spp. in surface samples linked to markers. molecular methods, animal feces were 75.0% human 20.2% 104 households. Floors more contaminated...
Abstract Background The study of the etiology acute febrile illness (AFI) has historically been designed as a prevalence pathogens detected from case series. This strategy an inherent unrealistic assumption that all pathogen detection allows for causal attribution, despite known asymptomatic carriage principal causes in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We semi-quantitative PCR modular format to detect bloodborne agents encompassed common etiologies AFI region, recent epidemics,...
A working hypothesis is that less common species of Campylobacter (other than C . jejuni and coli) play a role in enteric disease among children low resource settings explain the gap between detection using culture independent methods. “ Candidatus infans” (C infans) , was recently detected stool samples from hypothesized to epidemiology low- middle-income countries (LMIC). This study determined prevalence infans symptomatic asymptomatic living Iquitos, Peru. Stool 215 with diarrhea 50...
Large diagnostic panels allow for pathogens with high or low likelihood of causing attributable illness to be tested simultaneously. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) due primary infection Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common cause acute febrile (AFI) in case series from high-income countries, though its contribution AFI tropical low-income settings unclear. As part case-control study using multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) diagnostics, we set out determine if EBV was an...
Abstract Oropouche virus is an arbovirus endemic to the Americas. Periodic outbreaks have occurred since its description in 1955. In late 2023, outbreak Peru, centered and around Iquitos Eastern Peruvian Amazon. An existing acute febrile illness (AFI) surveillance program was able document emergence characterize arthralgia dysuria absence of diarrhea as distinctive clinical features virus-associated relative other causes AFI. Sequencing isolates from demonstrated that strains this region...