A5072575293- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Genetics and Physical Performance
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- melanin and skin pigmentation
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Gut microbiota and health
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Sperm and Testicular Function
- dental development and anomalies
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
University of California, Berkeley
2016-2025
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology
2016-2025
Integra (United States)
2024
University of Arizona
2007-2016
Butler University
1999
Cornell University
1994-1996
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
1989-1992
Many previous estimates of the mutation rate in humans have relied on screens visible mutants. We investigated and pattern mutations at nucleotide level by comparing pseudogenes chimpanzees to (i) provide an estimate average per nucleotide, (ii) assess heterogeneity different sites for types mutations, (iii) test hypothesis that X chromosome has a lower than autosomes, (iv) deleterious rate. Eighteen processed were sequenced, including 12 autosomes 6 chromosome. The was estimated be...
Identifying the genes underlying adaptation is a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Here, we describe molecular changes adaptive coat color variation natural population of rock pocket mice, Chaetodipus intermedius. Rock mice are generally light-colored and live on rocks. However, populations dark (melanic) found lava, this concealing coloration provides protection from avian mammalian predators. We conducted association studies by using markers candidate pigmentation discovered four...
Transmission of the gut community Natural transmission mammalian microbiota is poorly understood. Some genera bacteria are transmitted from mothers to offspring, whereas others acquired wider environment. Moeller et al. derived inbred mouse lines two wild populations mice with distinct and monitored populations' microbiomes for 3 years while they were kept in same animal facility. The lineages remained even after 10 generations. Most vertically. Those taxa that horizontally through shared...
The relative importance of factors that may promote genetic differentiation in marine organisms is largely unknown. Here, contributions to population structure from a biogeographic boundary, geographical distance and the distribution suitable habitat were investigated Axoclinus nigricaudus, small subtidal rock-reef fish, throughout its range Gulf California. A 408-bp fragment mitochondrial control region was sequenced 105 individuals. Variation significantly partitioned between 28 36...
Hybrid zones between closely related species or subspecies provide useful settings for studying the genetic architecture of speciation. Using markers distributed throughout mouse genome, we use a hybrid zone two recently diverged house mice (Mus musculus and Mus domesticus) as natural mapping experiment to identify genomic regions that may be involved in reproductive isolation. cline analysis document nearly 50-fold variation level introgression among markers. Some have extremely narrow...
A complete understanding of the speciation process requires identification genomic regions and genes that confer reproductive barriers between species. Empirical theoretical research has revealed two important patterns in evolution isolation animals: typically arises as a result disrupted epistatic interactions multiple loci these disruptions map disproportionately to X chromosome. These suggest targeted examination natural gene flow closely related species at X‐linked markers with known...
Abstract Patterns of genetic differentiation among taxa at early stages divergence provide an opportunity to make inferences about the history speciation. Here, we conduct a survey DNA‐sequence polymorphism and loci on autosomes, X chromosome, Y chromosome mitochondrial DNA in samples Mus domesticus, M. musculus castaneus . We analyzed our data under with gene flow model estimate that effective population size is 200 000–400 000, domesticus 100 000–200 000 60 000–120 000. These also suggest...
The wealth of information on the genetics pigmentation and clear fitness consequences many phenotypes provide an opportunity to study molecular basis ecologically important trait. melanocortin‐1 receptor (Mc1r) is responsible for intraspecific color variation in mammals birds. Here, we evolution Mc1r investigate its role adaptive differences reptiles. We sequenced complete locus seven phylogenetically diverse squamate species with melanic or blanched forms associated different colored...
Abstract We sequenced the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (ND3) gene from a sample of 61 humans, five common chimpanzees, and one gorilla to test whether patterns mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation are consistent with neutral model molecular evolution. Within humans within ratio replacement silent nucleotide substitutions was higher than observed in comparisons between species, contrary expectations. To generality this result, we reanalyzed published human RFLP data entire genome. Gains...
Patterns of geographic variation in phenotype or genotype may provide evidence for natural selection. Here, we compare phenotypic color, allele frequencies a pigmentation gene (the melanocortin-1 receptor, Mc1r), and patterns neutral mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) rock pocket mice (Chaetodipus intermedius) across habitat gradient southern Arizona. Pocket inhabiting volcanic lava have dark coats with unbanded, uniformly melanic hairs, whereas from nearby light-colored granitic rocks light banded...
We sequenced 11,365 bp from introns of seven X-linked genes in 10 humans, one chimpanzee, and orangutan to (i) provide an average estimate nucleotide diversity (pi) (ii) investigate whether there is variation pi among loci, (iii) compare ratios polymorphism divergence (iv) a preliminary test the hypothesis that heterozygosity positively correlated with local rate recombination. The value for was low 0.063%, SE = 0.036%, about order magnitude smaller than Drosophila melanogaster, species...
Elucidating genetic mechanisms of adaptation is a goal central importance in evolutionary biology, yet few empirical studies have succeeded documenting causal links between molecular variation and organismal fitness natural populations. Here we report population analysis two-locus alpha-globin polymorphism that underlies physiological to high-altitude hypoxia populations deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus. This system provides rare opportunity examine the underpinnings fitness-related protein...
Abstract Sexual selection is an important force driving the evolution of morphological and genetic traits. To determine importance male–male, postcopulatory sexual in natural populations house mice, we estimated frequency multiple paternity, defined as with which a pregnant female carried litter fertilized by more than one male. By genotyping eight microsatellite markers from 1095 found evidence paternity 33 143. Evidence for was especially strong 29 these litters. Multiple significantly...
Abstract Identifying the genes responsible for adaptation has been an elusive goal in evolutionary biology. Rock pocket mice ( Chaetodipus intermedius ) provide a useful system studying genetics of adaptation: most C. are light‐coloured and live on rocks, but several different geographical regions, melanic dark‐coloured basalt lava, presumably as crypsis. Previous work demonstrated that mutations at melanocortin‐1 receptor gene Mc1r dark/light difference from one population Arizona. Here, we...
House mice offer a powerful system for dissecting the genetic basis of phenotypes that isolate species in early stages speciation. We used series reciprocal crosses between wild-derived strains Mus musculus and M. domesticus to examine F(1) hybrid male sterility, one primary thought these species. report four main results. First, we found significantly smaller testes fewer sperm progeny most crosses. Second, some sterility was asymmetric depended on origin X chromosome. These observations...
Studies of the genetics hybrid zones can provide insight into genomic architecture species boundaries. By examining patterns introgression multiple loci across a zone, it may be possible to identify regions genome that have experienced selection. Here, we present comparison in two replicate transects through house mouse zone central Europe, using data from 41 single nucleotide markers. Using both and geographic clines, found many differences between transects, as well some similarities. We...