A5028719559- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Gut microbiota and health
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
Hokkaido University
2019-2024
Paneth cells are intestinal epithelial that release antimicrobial peptides, such as α-defensin part of host defense. Together with mesenchymal cells, provide niche factors for stem cell homeostasis. Here, we report two subtypes murine differentiated by their production and utilization fucosyltransferase 2 (Fut2), which regulates α(1,2)fucosylation to create cohabitation niches commensal bacteria prevent invasion the intestine pathogenic bacteria. The majority Fut2- were localized in...
The intestine not only plays a role in fundamental processes digestion and nutrient absorption, but it also has eliminating ingested pathogenic bacteria viruses. Paneth cells, which reside at the base of small intestinal crypts, secrete α-defensins contribute to enteric innate immunity through potent microbicidal activities. However, relationship between food factors immune functions cells remains unknown. Here, we examined whether short-chain fatty acids amino induce α-defensin secretion...
Abstract Psychological stress has been reported to relate dysbiosis, imbalance of the intestinal microbiota composition, and contribute onset exacerbation depression, though, underlying mechanisms psychological stress-related dysbiosis have unknown. It previously established that α-defensins, which are effector peptides innate enteric immunity produced by Paneth cells in small intestine, play an important role regulation microbiota. However, relationship between disruption ecosystem...
Crohn’s disease (CD) is an intractable inflammatory bowel disease, and dysbiosis, disruption of the intestinal microbiota, associated with CD pathophysiology. ER stress, homeostasis in Paneth cells small intestine, α-defensin misfolding have been reported patients. Because α-defensins regulate composition their may cause dysbiosis. However, whether misfolding, dysbiosis contribute to pathophysiology remains unknown. Here, we show that abnormal markers stress appear SAMP1/YitFc, a mouse model...
Paneth cells contribute to intestinal innate immunity by sensing bacteria and secreting -defensin. In ICR mice, alpha-defensin termed cryptdin (Crp) in consists of six major isoforms, Crp1 6. Despite accumulating evidences that functions controlling the microbiota, topographical localization small intestine relation remains be determined. this study, we examined expression level mRNA encoding Crp-isoforms Crp immunoreactivities using singly isolated crypts together with bactericidal...
Abstract Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic liver disease characterized by fibrosis that develops from fatty liver. Disruption of intestinal microbiota homeostasis, dysbiosis, associated with development in NASH. An antimicrobial peptide α-defensin secreted Paneth cells the small intestine known to regulate composition microbiota. However, involvement NASH remains unknown. Here, we show diet-induced model mice, decrease fecal along dysbiosis occurs before onset. When levels...
Intestinal epithelial cells separate subepithelial tissues from luminal environment formed with food, incoming pathogens, and resident intestinal microbiota, etc., elicit various function. Enteroid, a three-dimensional culture system of small cells, has been widely used for analyzing the function, further transgenic enteroid was developed to investigate molecular mechanisms. However, conventional production method, which transfer gene into single stem limitations including low efficiency...
Live imaging visualizes the structure, dynamics, and function of cells tissues to reveal molecular mechanisms, has contributed advancement life science. In live imaging, it been well known that there is a trade-off between higher-resolution analysis cell damage caused by light illumination, i.e., phototoxicity. However, despite risk unknowingly distorting experimental results, phototoxicity an unresolved issue in because overall consequences occurring inside due remains unknown. Here, we...