Cancer invasion of tissue is a key aspect the growth and spread cancer crucial in process metastatic spread, i.e., secondary cancers. Invasion consists cells secreting various matrix degrading enzymes (MDEs) which destroy surrounding or extracellular (ECM). Through combination proliferation migration, then actively locally into tissue. Thus processes occurring at level individual eventually give rise to level. In this paper we introduce new type multiscale model describing Our two-scale...

The cellular dispersion and therapeutic control of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type primary brain cancer, depends critically on migration patterns after surgery intracellular responses individual cancer cells in response to external biochemical biomechanical cues microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that a particular microRNA, miR-451, regulates downstream molecules including AMPK mTOR determine balance between rapid proliferation invasion metabolic stress harsh tumor Surgical...

The cellular dispersion and therapeutic control of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type primary brain cancer, depends critically on migration patterns after surgery intracellular responses individual cancer cells in response to external biochemical cues microenvironment.Recent studies have shown that miR-451 regulates downstream molecules including AMPK/CAB39/MARK mTOR determine balance between rapid proliferation invasion metabolic stress harsh tumor microenvironment.Surgical removal main...

Background/Objectives: Misdiagnosing skin disorders leads to the administration of wrong treatments, sometimes with life-impacting consequences. Deep learning algorithms are becoming more and used for diagnosis. While many cancer/lesion image classification studies focus on datasets containing dermatoscopic images do not include keloid images, in this study, we diagnosing amongst other lesions combine two publicly available non-dermatoscopic images: one dataset various benign malignant...

Recognised as one of the hallmarks cancer, local cancer cell invasion is a complex multiscale process that combines secretion matrix-degrading enzymes with series altered key processes (such abnormal proliferation and changes in cell–cell cell–matrix adhesion leading to enhanced migration) degrade important components surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) this way spread further human tissue. In order gain deeper understanding process, we pay special attention interacting dynamics between...

The specific structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and in particular density orientation collagen fibres, plays an important role evolution solid cancers. While many experimental studies discussed ECM individual collective cell migration, there are still unanswered questions about impact nonlocal sensing other cells on overall shape tumour aggregation its migration type. There also spread that arises at boundary between different tissues with fibre orientations. To address these...

SignificanceGlioblastoma (GBM) is a rare but deadly form of brain tumor with low median survival rate 14.6 months, due to its resistance treatment. An independent simulation the INtraoperative photoDYnamic therapy for GliOblastoma (INDYGO) trial, clinical trial aiming treat GBM resection cavity photodynamic (PDT) via laser coupled balloon device, demonstrated.AimTo develop framework providing increased understanding PDT treatment, parameters, and their impact on outcome.ApproachWe use Monte...

Cells adhere to each other and the extracellular matrix (ECM) through protein molecules on surface of cells. The breaking forming adhesive bonds, a process critical in cancer invasion metastasis, can be influenced by mutation In this paper, we develop nonlocal mathematical model describing cell movement as result integrin-controlled cell-cell adhesion cell-matrix adhesion, for two populations with different levels mutation. partial differential equations dynamics are coupled ordinary ECM...

Abstract Invasion of the surrounding tissue is one recognised hallmarks cancer (Hanahan and Weinberg in Cell 100: 57–70, 2000. 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81683-9 ), which accomplished through a complex heterotypic multiscale dynamics involving tissue-scale random directed movement population both cells other accompanying (including here, family tumour-associated macrophages) as well emerging cell-scale activity matrix-degrading enzymes rearrangement constituents extracellular matrix (ECM) fibres....

Abstract Local cancer invasion of tissue is a complex, multiscale process which plays an essential role in tumour progression. During the complex interaction between cell population and extracellular matrix (ECM), key importance played by both bulk two-scale dynamics ECM fibres within collective movement cells leading edge driven proteolytic activity matrix-degrading enzymes (MDEs) that are secreted cells. As these two subsystems share contribute to same macro-dynamics, this work we develop...

Cancer invasion of the surrounding tissue is a multiscale process collective cell movement that involves not only tumour cells but also other immune in environment, such as tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs). The heterogeneity these cells, with two extremes being pro-inflammatory and anti-tumour M1 anti-inflammatory pro-tumour M2 has significant impact on cancer interact different ways ExtraCellular Matrix (ECM). Experimental studies have shown co-migrate TAMs, TAM sub-populations (which...

The success of oncolytic virotherapies depends on the tumour microenvironment, which contains a large number infiltrating immune cells. In this theoretical study, we derive an ODE model to investigate interactions between breast cancer cells, virus (Vesicular Stomatitis Virus), and tumour-infiltrating macrophages with different phenotypes can impact dynamics viruses. complexity requires combined analytical-numerical approach understand transient asymptotic model. We use propose new...

Cutaneous melanoma is a highly invasive tumor and, despite the development of recent therapies, most patients with advanced metastatic have poor clinical outcome. The frequent mutations in affect BRAF oncogene, protein kinase MAPK signaling pathway. Therapies targeting both and MEK are effective for only 50% almost systematically, generate drug resistance. Genetic non-genetic mechanisms associated strong heterogeneity plasticity cells been suggested to favor resistance but still poorly...

Brain-related experiments are limited by nature, and so biological insights often or absent. This is particularly problematic in the context of brain cancers, which have very poor survival rates. To generate test new hypotheses, researchers started using mathematical models that can simulate tumour evolution. However, most these focus on single-scale 2D cell dynamics, cannot capture complex multi-scale invasion patterns 3D brains. A particular role likely played distribution micro-fibres....

<abstract><p>In this study we investigate computationally tumour-oncolytic virus (OV) interactions that take place within a heterogeneous extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM is viewed as mixture of two constitutive phases, namely fibre phase and non-fibre phase. multiscale mathematical model presented here focuses on the nonlocal cell-cell cell-ECM interactions, how these might be impacted by infection cancer cells with OV. At macroscale track kinetics cells, particles ECM....

<abstract><p>The movement of cells during (normal and abnormal) wound healing is the result biomechanical interactions that combine cell responses with growth factors as well cell-cell cell-matrix (adhesion remodelling). It known can communicate interact locally non-locally other inside tissues through mechanical forces act at a distance, long non-conventional protrusions. In this study, we consider non-local partial differential equation model for between fibroblasts,...