Purpose: The high-performance visual function associated with central vision is mediated by the macula (the retina), which accumulates three diet-derived pigments carotenoids lutein [L], zeaxanthin [Z], and meso-zeaxanthin [MZ]). Our study sought to investigate impact on function, including contrast sensitivity (CS), of supplementation these naturally occurring carotenoids, in individuals low retinal concentrations. Methods: Subjects consumed daily a formulation containing 10 mg L, 2 Z, MZ...

Aim To examine the demographic and social factors associated with myopia in schoolchildren Ireland. Methods Thirty-seven schools participated, representing a mix of urban rural socioeconomically disadvantaged non-disadvantaged areas Examination included cyclopleged autorefraction (1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride). Height weight participants were measured. Parents filled participant’s lifestyle questionnaire, including questions on daily screen time use daylight exposure. Myopia was defined...

Aim To report refractive error prevalence and visual impairment in Republic of Ireland (henceforth 'Ireland') schoolchildren. Methods The Eye Study examined 1626 participants (881 boys, 745 girls) two age groups, 6–7 years (728) 12–13 (898), between June 2016 January 2018. Participating schools were selected by stratified random sampling, representing a mix school type (primary/postprimary), location (urban/rural) socioeconomic status (disadvantaged/advantaged). Examination included...

Background: The macula (central retina) contains a yellow pigment, comprising the dietary carotenoids lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), and meso-zeaxanthin, known as macular pigment (MP). concentrations of MP's constituent in retina bra

Purpose: At the macula, carotenoids meso-zeaxanthin (MZ), lutein (L), and zeaxanthin (Z) are collectively referred to as macular pigment (MP). This study was designed measure serum responses a carotenoid formulation.Materials Methods: Ten subjects were recruited into this (five normal five with early age-related degeneration [AMD]). Subjects instructed consume formulation containing 7.3 mg of MZ, 3.7 L, 0.8 Z everyday over an eight-week period. The spatial profile MP optical density (i.e.,...

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit significantly less macular pigment (MP) and poorer vision when compared to control subjects.To investigate supplementation the carotenoids on MP, vision, cognitive function in patients AD versus controls.A randomized, double-blind clinical trial placebo active arms. 31 age-similar subjects were supplemented for six months either Macushield (10 mg meso-zeaxanthin [MZ]; 10 lutein [L]; 2 zeaxanthin [Z]) or (sunflower oil). MP was measured using...

To compare the impact of sustained supplementation using different macular carotenoid formulations on pigment (MP) and visual function in early age-related degeneration (AMD). Sixty-seven subjects with AMD were randomly assigned to: Group 1 (20 mg per day lutein (L), 0.86 zeaxanthin (Z); Ultra Lutein), 2 (10 meso-zeaxanthin (MZ), 10 L, Z; Macushield; Macuhealth), 3 (17 MZ, Z). MP was measured customised heterochromatic flicker photometry assessed by measuring contrast sensitivity (CS)...

Background: There is a biologically plausible rationale whereby the dietary carotenoids lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), and meso-zeaxanthin (MZ), which are collectively referred to as macular pigment (MP) in central retina (macula), support maintenance of cognition via their antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: To investigate impact supplemental L, Z, MZ on memory, executive function, verbal fluency among healthy individuals with low MP levels. Methods: In this double-blind,...

To investigate the relationship between percentage of body fat and macular pigment (MP) optical density.One hundred healthy subjects ages 22 60 years volunteered to participate in this study. MP density was measured psychophysically, serum lutein zeaxanthin were quantified by HPLC, dietary intake assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA); mass index (BMI) also calculated for each subject. Clinical personal details recorded, with...

To identify the risk factors for, and to report microbiological findings clinical outcomes of, severe microbial keratitis (MK).This was a retrospective study of all cases presumed MK admitted tertiary referral center over 2-year period (September 2001 August 2003). Data recorded included demographic data, details relating possible factors, results studies, at presentation, visual outcomes.Ninety patients were with diagnosis during period. The mean age 45 +/- 32 years, male female ratio 47:43...

Background: Macular pigment (MP) levels correlate with brain concentrations of lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z), have also been shown to cognitive performance in the young elderly.Objective: To investigate relationship between MP, serum L Z, function subjects free retinal disease low MP (Group 1, n = 105) AMD 2, 121).Methods: was measured using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry dual-wavelength autofluorescence; assessed a battery validated cognition tests; Z were determined by...

In Brief Purpose: To investigate the impact of three different macular carotenoid formulations on pigment optical density and visual performance in subjects with early age-related degeneration. Methods: Fifty-two were supplemented followed for 12 months, 17 them intervention Group 1 (20 mg/day lutein 2 zeaxanthin); 21 (10 meso-zeaxanthin, 10 lutein, 14 3 (17 zeaxanthin). The was measured using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry, function assessed corrected distance acuity by...

Lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are two dietary carotenoids that accumulate at the macula, where they collectively known as macular pigment (MP). There is a biologically plausible rationale, with some supporting evidence, MP may protect against age-related maculopathy (ARM). This study was undertaken to investigate relationship between intake of L Z, serum concentrations these carotenoids, optical density in 828 healthy Irish subjects.Dietary Z assessed validated food-frequency questionnaire,...

To investigate the reproducibility of macular pigment (MP) spatial profile by using heterochromatic flicker photometry (HFP) and to relate MP foveal architecture.Sixteen healthy subjects (nine had typical exponential [group 1]; seven a secondary peak 2]) were recruited. The was measured on three separate occasions. Six radiance measurements obtained at each locus (0.25 degrees , 0.5 1 1.75 eccentricity; reference point, 7 ). Foveal architecture assessed optical coherence tomography...

To investigate the relationship between specific macular pigment (MP) spatial profiles and risk factors for age-related degeneration (AMD).The MP profile of 484 healthy subjects was measured with customized heterochromatic flicker photometry (cHFP) categorized into one two types: typical exponential or atypical "central dip." Data on AMD were obtained a general health lifestyle questionnaire. Dietary serum concentrations lutein (L) zeaxanthin (Z) also assessed.The presence central dip...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact supplemental macular carotenoids (including versus not including meso-zeaxanthin) in combination with coantioxidants on visual function patients nonadvanced age-related degeneration. Methods: In study, 121 participants were randomly assigned group 1 (Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 formulation a low dose [25 mg] zinc and an addition 10 mg meso-zeaxanthin; n = 60) or zinc; 61). Visual assessed using best-corrected acuity, contrast...

Colorectal cancer is a significant issue internationally, with over 1.3 million people diagnosed annually. Survival rates are increasing as treatments improve, although physical symptoms can persist despite eradication of the tumour. In order to optimize survivorship care, further research warranted in relation symptom burden. Therefore, objectives this study (i) investigate frequency colorectal survivors (ii) identify which occur together (iii) examine associations between demographic and...

(Photo)-oxidative stress is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), with threshold for retinal damage being lowest short-wavelength (blue) light. Macular pigment (MP), consisting carotenoids lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z) and meso-Z, has maximum absorption at 460 nm protects retina from (photo)-oxidative injury. This study was designed investigate whether blue light-filtering properties Alcon AcrySof Natural intraocular lens (ANIOL) implanted during...

<h3>Background</h3> Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains the most common cause of visual loss among subjects over 50 years age in developed world. The Irish Longitudinal study on Ageing (TILDA) is a population-based aged or older, designed to investigate factors that influence ageing, and has enabled this investigation prevalence AMD Republic Ireland (ROI). <h3>Methods</h3> Data collected from nationally representative sample community-living older adults ROI period November 2009...

Purpose: To compare macular pigment optical density using two different heterochromatic flicker photometers. Methods: We measured in 121 healthy subjects photometry. Results: The mean (±SD) the Maculometer was 0.394 (±0.170), and that Densitometer 0.395 (±0.189). difference measurements on each instrument influenced by age levels. Conclusions: On average, there is no provided these instruments. tends to underestimate older and/or those with higher compared Densitometer.