Endophytic fungi play a vital role in protecting and promoting the growth of their host plants. The diversity fungal endophytes has been documented across different plant species varies depending on factors such as host, ecological conditions, health status plant. We isolated endophytic from Prunus yedoensis trees with decay rates. A total 31 were decayed trees, while 33 obtained healthy trees. number exhibiting antifungal activities against wood was higher 10 showing activity compared to...

We realize a magnetic skyrmion diode operated by unidirectional transport that flows in only one direction, which is highly significant for information processing spintronic and nanoelectronic devices. easily control the engineering asymmetric shapes of geometric structures. Here, we present simple method to describe underlying mechanism behind characterizing topography potential energy surfaces from purely perspective. Our approach enables deeper physical insight into manipulation efficient...

The dissimilar Al alloys, 5052 and 5J32, were joined by friction stir welding (FSW) technique under several conditions, including material arrangement. tool rotation speeds 1000 1500 rpm, the varied within range from 100 to 400 mm/min. At a speed of all joints with on advancing side exhibited better properties than those opposite When 5J32 was placed side, defect-free welds obtained conditions. However, when retreating some defects detected below top surface side. Furthermore, fractographs...

Recently, a worldwide movement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has emerged, and includes efforts such as the Paris Agreement in 2015. To emissions, it is important unnecessary energy consumption or use environmentally-friendly sources consumer products. Many studies have been performed on building management systems storage (ESSs), which are aimed at efficient management. Herein, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning (HVAC) system peak load reduction algorithm an ESS proposed. First,...

This study investigates the gas tungsten arc (GTA) weldability of austenitic stainless steel (STS) 304 using STS 308L and high-entropy alloy (HEA) fillers its applicability in cryogenic environments. Because grain sizes both weld metals (WMs) were coarser than those base metal (BM), all WMs have a few phase transformations, tensile properties worse that BM. However, strength elongation HEA at 77 K increased simultaneously 298 K, whereas decreased K. All exhibited excellent strengths...

Ganoderma (Ganodermataceae, Basidiomycota) species are medicinally and economically important wood-decaying fungi occurring throughout the world. Since 2022, unrecorded have been collected in Jinju Busan, Korea. The hosts of fungal were Platanus Prunus species. Based on morphological characteristics molecular phylogenetic analysis, this was identified as G. gibbosum. Description, macroscopic microscopic photographs, a phylogeny based ITS sequences provided here.

The authors have fabricated Au nanodot arrays using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO). Two types of AAO, namely, hexagonal and matrix pores, were used as a template for deposition. nanodots with controlled size between 20 80 nm obtained by changing the pore in AAO template. templates 200 thick two-step anodization. Al films 150 grown on Si (100) substrates indented nanoimprint method prior to anodization array AAO. In addition, smaller neutral beam etching was remove barrier layer. extracted from...

The non-trivial topology of magnetic structures such as vortices and skyrmions is considered a key concept to explain the stability those structures. stability, dictated by topology, provides great potential for device applications. Although it very critical scientific technological issue, elusive experimentally study topology-dependent owing difficulties in establishing stably formed with different topologies. Here, we establish platform vortex-antivortex topological charges within Ni80Fe20...

The aim of this study is to investigate the low-cycle fatigue (LCF) properties an AISI 304L welded joint based on experimental data. influential parameters LCF such as specimen thickness, strain ratio and cryogenic temperature were considered in study. In order thickness effect behavior, two types specimens with thicknesses 5 mm 10 used test. addition, tests conducted under control three different ratios R = −1, 0, 0.5 at room temperatures. Based results obtained by study, no significant...

A liquation cracking mechanism of dissimilar Al alloys during the friction stir welding (FSW) is suggested in this study. To identify mechanism, precipitates were analyzed and Al-Mg-Cu phase diagrams calculated. Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) analysis electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) also conducted. In same manner as constitutional liquation, at high heating rate, main liquation-inducing not dissolved matrix reacted with to form partially melted zone (PMZ), after which...

Common stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) display has a convergence and accommodation conflict that violates the natural human cognitive process of viewing. This weakness exposes challenge in supporting fun factors while eliminating safety problems 3D viewing experience. Thus, have become major research topic. In this letter, we propose visualization platform can expand sense space by fusing organically mixed displays to provide continuous feeling depth. addition, present pilot test results...

Output power of a photovoltaic (PV) generator depends on incident solar irradiance. If the clouds pass or climate condition is bad, PV output fluctuates frequently. When connected to grid, these fluctuations adversely affect quality. Thus, ramp rate control with battery energy storage system (BESS) needed reduce fluctuations. At same time, for effective BESS operation and sizing optimal capacity, managing state charge (SOC) most important part. In addition, SOC helps avoid violating...

Red Light Running (RLR) is an action that violates the red traffic signal by passing through a signalized intersection. RLR problem serious could lead anywhere from minor violations of to fatal accident. Preemptive measures can be taken reduce incidents detecting in advance and notifying cars proximity. In this paper, we propose new system prevent potential accidents predicting RLR. The proposed consists Light-Detection Ranging (LIDAR) sensor for speed measurement prediction algorithm based...

In upcoming future wireless networks, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has recently attracted attention in that it can increase the capacity. Along with NOMA, UAV is also an attracting technology IoT networks limited communication distance be deployed quickly. UAV-assisted core of NOMA scheme many-to-many matching users and subchannels. this paper, we propose subchannel considering intra-interference inter-interference generated by applying NOMA. Analysis proves proposed algorithm...

The effects of hydrogen and microstructure on the cold cracking susceptibility heat-affected zone (HAZ) carbon steel were investigated. Various plates with tensile strengths 400- 500-MPa grade employed, susceptibilities HAZs evaluated using implant tests. To investigate microstructure, test assemblies produced two types welding electrodes (low-hydrogen cellulose) different conditions (low high heat inputs). results indicate that was more important than in determining HAZ steel.

Vanderbylia fraxinea (Bull.) D.A. Reid, 1973 is an important wood-inhabiting fungus that plays a significant role in nutrient recycling most forest ecosystems. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of V. was characterized through de novo assembly using Illumina sequencing data and annotation. The circular molecule 115,473 bp with GC content 28.66%. It comprises total 62 genes. Among these, 36 are protein-coding genes including 21 free-standing open reading frames (ORFs), 24...