Tests for acute oral toxicity, eye irritation, corrosion and dermal toxicity of colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were conducted in laboratory animals following OECD guidelines. Oral administration AgNPs at a limited dose 5,000 mg/kg produced neither mortality nor toxic signs throughout the observation period. Percentage body weight gain mice showed no significant difference between control treatment groups. In hematological analysis, there was treated with controls. Blood chemistry...

Background and Objective Periodontal disease is a common infectious disease, found worldwide, causing the destruction of periodontium. The periodontium complex structure composed both soft hard tissues, thus an agent applied to regenerate must be able stimulate periodontal ligament, cementum alveolar bone regeneration. Recent studies demonstrated that acemannan, polysaccharide extracted from A loe vera gel, stimulated tissue healing. This study investigated effect acemannan as bioactive...

This study investigated the effect of acemannan (Aloe vera gel polysaccharide) on dentin formation. Primary human dental pulp cells were treated with acemannan. New DNA synthesis, bone morphogenetic protein-2, alkaline phosphatase activity, sialoprotein expression, and mineralization determined by [3H]-thymidine incorporation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, biochemical western blotting, Alizarin Red staining, respectively. Then upper first molars 24 male Sprague Dawley rats intentionally...

To gain a more detailed picture of cryptococcosis in Thailand, retrospective study 498 C. neoformans and gattii isolates has been conducted. Among these, 386, 83 29 strains were from clinical, environmental veterinary sources, respectively. A total 485 13 studied. The majority the (68.9%) isolated males (mean age 37.97 years), 88.5% only 37.5% HIV patients. URA5-RFLP and/or M13 PCR-fingerprinting analysis revealed that molecular type VNI regardless their sources (94.8%; 94.6% 98.8% 86.2%...

Bocaviruses are small nonenveloped DNA viruses belonging to the Bocaparvovirus genus of Parvoviridae family and have been linked both respiratory enteric disease in humans animals. To date, 3 bocaviruses, canine bocaviruses 1 (CBoV-1–3), shown affect dogs with different manifestations reported for infected We used next-generation sequencing identify a novel strain CBoV-2 (CBoV TH-2016) litter puppies that died Thailand from acute dyspnea hemoptysis, which no causal pathogen could be...

Favipiravir (FVR) is a repurposed antiviral drug for treating mild to moderate cases of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, its poor solubility and permeability limit clinical efficacy. To overcome physicochemical pharmacokinetic limitations, we statistically designed mucoadhesive chitosan–alginate nanoparticles (MCS-ALG-NPs) as new carrier FVR using response surface methodology, which provided suitable characteristics transmucosal delivery. The use polymers intranasal...

Purpose: Kaempferia parviflora extracellular vesicles (KPEVs) have been reported as promising nanovesicles for drug delivery. This study aimed to load clarithromycin (CLA) into KPEVs (KPEVS-CLA) and determine the physical properties, drug-releasing efficiency, gastric cell uptake, anti- H. pylori activities, anti-inflammatory responses in comparison with free CLA KPEVs. Methods: The size surface charge of KPEVs-CLA were evaluated using dynamic light scattering visualized a transmission...

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), an emerging avian pathogenic flavivirus, causes severe neurological disorders and acute egg drop syndrome in ducks. Currently, several clusters of DTMUV exhibiting significant antigenic variation are circulating Asia with distinct geographical distributions. Therefore, developing vaccines based on specific to regions is essential. To generate effective inactivated vaccine, the inactivation procedure must be optimized for each strain. However, no information...

A great challenge exists in finding safe, simple, and effective delivery strategies to bring matters across cell membrane. Popular methods such as viral vectors, positively charged particles penetrating peptides possess some of the following drawbacks: safety issues, lysosome trapping, limited loading capacity, toxicity, whereas electroporation produces severe damages on both cargoes cells. Here, we show that a serendipitously discovered, relatively nontoxic, water dispersible, stable,...

Topical retinoid treatments stimulate biological activities in the skin. The main physical barrier, which limits efficacy of transdermal drug delivery, is stratum corneum. Proretinal nanoparticles (PRN) have already been proven to efficiently deliver retinal into epidermis. In present study, two delivery systems, microneedles (MN) and PRN, were combined directly target dermis. microchannels induced by MN, PRN localization skin closure kinetics investigated non-invasive imaging techniques,...

Acemannan, a β-(1-4)-acetylated polymannose extracted from Aloe vera gel, has been proposed as biomaterial for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect acemannan in calvarial defect healing. Acemannan processed freeze-dried sponge form and disinfected by UV irradiation. Thirty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were used vivo study. Seven-mm diameter mid-calvarial defects created randomly allocated into blood clot control (C), 1 mg (A1), 2 (A2), 4 (A4), 8 (A8)...

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), a newly emerging in ducks, was first reported China 2010. However, an unknown severe contagious disease associated with neurological signs and egg production losses resembling to DTMUV infection, observed Thailand since 2007. To determine the presence of 2007, clinical samples from affected ducks collected 2007 were tested for using pathological virological analyses. Gross histopathological lesions mostly restricted ovary, brain spinal cord, correlated flavivirus...

Abstract Delivering bioactive compounds into skin tissue has long been a challenge. Using ex vivo porcine and rat skins, here we demonstrate that detachable dissolvable microneedle (DDMN) array, special allows needle detachment from the base within 2 min post administration, can effectively embed model compound epidermis dermis. Diffusion of embedding sites to nearby is demonstrated at various administration periods. The relationship between time conventional array left on without degree...

Perineal hernia in dogs is very problematic and mostly requires surgical reconstruction of the weak pelvic diaphragm. Tissue or synthetic grafts have been used for correction after failure conventional herniorrhaphy. Aim this clinical trial was to assess possible use autologous tunica vaginalis communis as a free graft perineal repair intact male dogs. Seven unilateral 2 bilateral hernias nine from testicular scrotal neoplasms were included study. The median time herniorrhaphy 75 min....

Abstract: Despite many potent biological activities, retinoids such as retinoic acid (RA) and retinal possess dose-related broad side effects. In this study, we show that problem, which has been unsolvable for a long time, can be tackled through controlled release strategy in is continuously delivered to the skin via sustained from proretinal nanoparticles. The water dispersible nanoparticles are stable when kept at neutral pH room temperature 8 months under light-proof conditions, of into...

To study the acute and subacute pulmonary toxicity of colloidal silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), 0 or 100 ppm Ag-NPs were instilled intratracheally in mice. Cellular biochemical parameters bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) histological alterations determined 1, 3, 7, 15, 30 days after instillation. induced moderate inflammation injury on BALF indices during period; however, these changes gradually regressed a time-dependent manner. Concomitant histopathological laminin immunohistochemical...

In October 2011, a fatal disease outbreak occurred in 3 civet species farmed for their use the coffee industry Thailand. The quickly killed 20 animals mixed population of Asian palm civets ( Paradoxurus hermaphroditus; n = 18), masked Paguma larvata; 1), and small Indian Viverricula indica; 1). Clinical signs consisted severe lethargy, weakness, vomiting, diarrhea with associated dehydration, dyspnea, nasal footpad hyperkeratosis, seizures. All were positive canine morbillivirus using...