A5070904073- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Digestive system and related health
- Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
- Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
Alexion Pharmaceuticals (United States)
2023-2025
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2013-2023
Yale University
2021-2022
Pediatrics and Genetics
2020
University of New Haven
2020
Yeshiva University
2018
University of Turin
2003-2013
University of Warwick
2012
Presidio Ospedaliero
2010-2011
BACKGROUND: Ghrelin, a natural growth hormone secretagogue (GHS), has been identified in prostate carcinoma cell lines. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the presence of ghrelin and its receptors human tumours DU-145, PC-3 LNCaP lines, to assess effects more abundant circulating form, des-octanoyl ghrelin, on proliferation. METHODS: Ghrelin types 1a 1b GHS receptor (GHS-R) were determined at mRNA protein levels by RT-PCR, situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry enzyme immunoassay tissues, lines...
OBJECTIVE Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a chemokine binding to the CC receptor 2 (CCR2) and promoting monocyte infiltration, has been implicated in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. To assess potential relevance MCP-1/CCR2 system proteinuria, we studied vitro if MCP-1 CCR2 modulates nephrin expression cultured podocytes. Moreover, investigated vivo glomerular is altered kidney biopsies from patients with nephropathy whether lack affects proteinuria experimental diabetes....
BACKGROUND. This study examined the underlying cellular mechanisms associated with insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic disease risk within subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in youth obesity IR compared those without IR.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of chronic in children. The mechanisms that drive NAFLD progression this specific patient population remain poorly defined. In study, we obtained biopsy samples from a multiethnic cohort pediatric patients with (n = 52, mean age 13.6 years) and healthy controls 5). We analyzed transcriptomic changes associated stages using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Unsupervised clustering as well pairwise transcriptome comparison...
Increased glomerular permeability to proteins is a characteristic feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The slit diaphragm the major restriction site protein filtration, and loss nephrin, key component diaphragm, has been demonstrated in both human experimental DN. Both systemic hypertension are believed be important pathogenesis Human immortalized podocytes were subjected repeated stretch-relaxation cycles by mechanical deformation with use stress unit (10% elongation, 60 cycles/min)...
Pancreatic beta-cells, which secrete the hormone insulin, are key arbiters of glucose homeostasis. Defective beta-cell numbers and/or function underlie essentially all major forms diabetes and must be restored if is to cured. Thus, identification molecular regulators mass a better understanding processes differentiation proliferation may provide further insight for development new therapeutic targets diabetes. This review will focus on principal hormones nutrients, as well downstream...
Recent studies implicate macrophages in regulation of thermogenic, sympathetic neuron-mediated norepinephrine (NE) signaling adipose tissues, but understanding such non-classical macrophage activities is incomplete. Here we show that male mice lacking the allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF1) protein resist high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and hyperglycemia. We link this phenotype to higher NE levels stem from decreased monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) expression clearance by AIF1-deficient...
Cortistatin (CST), a novel hormone originally described in the rat, mouse, and human cerebral cortex, displays structural functional similarities to somatostatin (SRIF). CST binds all five receptors and, differently from SRIF, also MrgX2, which has recently been identified as its specific receptor. Little is known about distribution of MrgX2 peripheral non-tumour neoplastic tissues. The aim present study was therefore determine by immunohistochemistry mRNA analysis (RT-PCR) 56 108 tumour...
Excessive insulin secretion independent of resistance, defined as primary hypersecretion, is associated with obesity and an unfavorable metabolic phenotype. We examined the characteristics adipose tissue youth hypersecretion longitudinal alterations influenced by complex adipo-insular interplay. In a multiethnic cohort adolescents but without diabetes, hypersecretors had enhanced model-derived β-cell glucose sensitivity rate worse tolerance, despite similar demographics, adiposity,...
Previous studies have demonstrated that glucose disposal is increased in the Fyn knockout (FynKO) mice due to insulin sensitivity. FynKO also display fasting hypoglycaemia despite decreased levels, which suggested hepatic production was unable compensate for basal utilization. The present study investigates basis reduction plasma levels and reduced ability liver produce response gluconeogenic substrates. had a 5-fold phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene protein expression marked...
Severe obesity (SO) affects about 6% of youth in the United States, augmenting risks for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Herein, we obtained paired omental adipose tissue (omVAT) abdominal subcutaneous (SAT) biopsies from girls with SO undergoing sleeve gastrectomy (SG), to test whether differences cellular transcriptomic profiles between omVAT SAT depots affect insulin sensitivity differently. Following weight loss, these analyses were repeated a subgroup subjects having second...
The circadian clock coordinates behavioral and cues with the availability utilization of nutrients. Proteasomal degradation repressors, e.g., cryptochrome (CRY)1 maintains periodicity clock. Whether autophagy, a quality control pathway, degrades proteins remains unknown. Here we show that BMAL1, CLOCK, REV-ERB, CRY1 are lysosomal targets, α macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) specifically CRY1. Autophagic CRY1, an inhibitor gluconeogenesis, occurs in diurnal window when rodents rely on...
// Elena Tarabra 1 , Ting-Wen An Lee 4 Victor A. Zammit 2 Manu Vatish 3 Eijiro Yamada 5 Jeffrey E. Pessin and Claire C. Bastie 1, Department of Medicine Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA Division Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University Warwick, Coventry, UK Nuffield Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Oxford, Pediatric Endocrinology, The Valley Hospital, Ridgewood, NJ, Science, Gunma Graduate School Maebashi, Japan Correspondence to: Bastie,...
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses amino acids; however, its role in lipid metabolism is less established. Organismal requirements are largely met through dietary intake. How nutrient sensing mechanisms gut interface with fat remains unclear. Here we reveal fundamental and cooperative roles for mTOR complexes 1 2 (mTORC1/2) absorption triglycerides. Dietary activates mTORC1/2 signaling gut. Hyperactivating mTORC1 by deleting Tsc1 sufficient to promote triglyceride metabolic...
Abstract Objective This study investigated whether variations in cell death‐inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha subunit‐like effector A ( CIDEA ) mRNA expression and protein levels are modulated by the pattern of abdominal fat distribution adolescent girls with obesity. Methods recruited 35 obesity characterized their magnetic resonance imaging. Participants had only a periumbilical/abdominal n = 14) or paired gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsy 21). was determined reverse...
<p dir="ltr">Excessive insulin secretion independent of resistance, defined as primary hypersecretion, is associated with obesity and an unfavorable metabolic phenotype. We examined the characteristics adipose tissue in youths hypersecretion longitudinal alterations influenced by complex adipo-insular interplay. In a multiethnic cohort non-diabetic adolescents obesity, hypersecretors had enhanced model-derived β-cell glucose sensitivity rate sensitivity, but worse tolerance, despite...
<p dir="ltr">Excessive insulin secretion independent of resistance, defined as primary hypersecretion, is associated with obesity and an unfavorable metabolic phenotype. We examined the characteristics adipose tissue in youths hypersecretion longitudinal alterations influenced by complex adipo-insular interplay. In a multiethnic cohort non-diabetic adolescents obesity, hypersecretors had enhanced model-derived β-cell glucose sensitivity rate sensitivity, but worse tolerance, despite...