A5051618862- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Malaria Research and Control
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Heat shock proteins research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
Northumbria University
2015-2024
Newcastle University
2014-2021
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospital
2014-2020
NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre
2018
University of Oxford
2005-2014
Applied Sciences (United States)
2011-2014
Centre for Life
2014
Freeman Hospital
2014
University of Manchester
2014
University Hospital in Motol
2014
Abstract We examined the hypothesis that a failure of immune system to eradicate tumors is due immunosuppressive environment created by growing tumor, which influenced site tumor growth. demonstrated T cell responses bystander Ag in mice were suppressed CT26 tumor. cells purified from expressed mRNA for IL-10, TGF-β, and Foxp3. Intracellular cytokine staining revealed high frequency IL-10-secreting macrophages, dendritic cells, CD4+ CD8+ infiltrating In contrast, IFN-γ production was weak...
Background.Vaccine development in human Plasmodium falciparum malaria has been hampered by the exceptionally high levels of CD8 1 T cells required for efficacy.Use potently immunogenic adenoviruses as vaccine vectors could overcome this problem, but these are limited preexisting immunity to adenoviruses.Methods.From 2007 2010, we undertook a phase I dose and route finding study new vaccine, replication-incompetent chimpanzee adenovirus 63 (ChAd63) encoding preerythrocytic insert multiple...
Previously, we reported that killing tumor cells in vivo with the HSV thymidine kinase/ganciclovir system generates potent antitumor immunity, determined part by mechanism which die and levels of inducible heat shock protein (hsp) expression induced during process cell death. Here, show induction hsp70 induces an infiltrate T cells, macrophages, predominantly dendritic (DCs) into tumors as well intratumoral profile Th1 cytokine (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-12) enhances immunogenicity via a...
Abstract This research proposes an intelligent decision support system for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia diagnosis from microscopic blood images. A novel clustering algorithm with stimulating discriminant measures (SDM) of both within- and between-cluster scatter variances is proposed to produce robust segmentation nucleus cytoplasm lymphocytes/lymphoblasts. Specifically, the evaluation formulated based on trade-off several well-known feature extraction methods. The SDM are used in...
In this research, we propose an intelligent decision support system for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) diagnosis using microscopic images. Two Bare-bones Particle Swarm Optimization (BBPSO) algorithms are proposed to identify the most significant discriminative characteristics of healthy and blast cells enable efficient ALL classification. The first BBPSO variant incorporates accelerated chaotic search mechanisms food chasing enemy avoidance diversify mitigate premature convergence...
Abstract IL-2 and IL-15 are lymphocyte growth factors produced by different cell types with overlapping functions in immune responses. Both cytokines costimulate proliferation activation, while additionally promotes the development survival of NK cells, NKT intraepithelial lymphocytes. We have investigated effects on proliferation, cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion human PBMC subpopulations vitro. selectively induced cells CD56+ T but not CD56− All tested (CD4+, CD8+, CD4−CD8−, αβTCR+,...
Abstract Thalidomide and its novel T cell costimulatory analogs (immunomodulatory drugs) are currently being assessed in the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. However, neither tumor-specific costimulation nor effective antitumor activity has been demonstrated vivo. In this study, we ability an immunomodulatory drug (CC-4047/ACTIMID) to prime a immune response following tumor vaccination. We found that presence CC-4047 during priming phase strongly enhanced immunity vaccinated...
The objective was to measure the efficacy of vaccination regimen FFM ME-TRAP in preventing episodes clinical malaria among children a endemic area. is sequential immunisation with two attenuated poxvirus vectors (FP9 and modified vaccinia virus Ankara), which both deliver pre-erythrocytic antigen construct multiple epitope-thrombospondin-related adhesion protein (ME-TRAP).The trial randomised double-blinded.The setting rural, malaria-endemic area coastal Kenya.We vaccinated 405 healthy 1-...
IFN-gamma plays a critical role in protection against Bordetella pertussis, but Th1 cells are only detectable after the infection has started to resolve, suggesting protective for innate early infection. Here, we demonstrate significant recruitment of NK and NKT into lungs following respiratory challenge with B. pertussis. Furthermore, primary source during acute stage Stimulation production by was indirect through pertussis-activated IL-12 or IL-23 dendritic cells. Depletion anti-asialo...
Immunological memory is a required component of protective antimalarial responses raised by T cell-inducing vaccines. The magnitude ex vivo IFN-gamma cell widely used to identify immunogenic vaccines although this response usually wanes and may disappear within weeks. However, protection in the field likely depend on durable central cells that are not detected assay. To longer-lived cells, PBMC from malaria-naive vaccinated volunteers who had received prime boost vaccinations with...
BackgroundImmunity to malaria develops naturally in endemic regions, but the protective immune mechanisms are poorly understood. Many vaccination strategies aim induce T cells against diverse pre-erythrocytic antigens, correlates of protection field have been limited. The objective this study was investigate cell-mediated natural malaria. Memory reactive thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) and circumsporozoite (CS) protein, major vaccine candidate were measured, as frequencies...
BackgroundPrevious research indicates that a combination vaccine targeting different stages of the malaria life cycle is likely to provide most effective vaccine. This trial was first combine two existing vaccination strategies produce induces immune responses both pre-erythrocytic and blood P. falciparum cycle.MethodsThis Phase I/IIa study new FFM ME-TRAP+PEV3A. PEV3A includes peptides from circumsporozoite protein blood-stage antigen AMA-1. conducted at Centre for Clinical Vaccinology...
Epidemiological evidence shows that regular physical activity is associated with reduced risk of primary and recurrent colon cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms action are poorly understood. We evaluated effects stimulating a human cancer cell line (LoVo) serum collected before after an acute exercise bout vs nonexercise control on proliferation. also measured exercise-induced changes in cytokines intracellular protein expression to explore potential biological mechanisms. Blood...
Evidence is mounting to support the theory that 'danger' associated with tissue damage and stress a level of control antigen-specific immune responses. Heat shock proteins are emerging as key danger signals, but their influence on responses not simple one, particularly in affecting antigen processing presentation. Such influences may extend numerous immunological situations. Potential exists for heat be utilized modulation, especially cancer immunotherapy. Deficiencies self–non-self paradigm...
Abstract Epidemiological observations suggest that T cell immunity may be suppressed in malaria-endemic areas. In vitro studies, animal models, and limited data humans link immunosuppression with malaria, malnutrition, other parasitic infections. However, there are no to determine whether malaria-induced is significant the long-term, or relative comparing it factors areas, so as measure impact of disease, nutritional status, age. location on acquisition longevity IFN-γ responses children...
Maintenance of T-cell responses is an essential feature in protection from many infectious diseases that must be harnessed vaccination. The relationship between effector and more durable highly proliferative memory, particularly humans, not well understood. In this study, were measured by overnight ex vivo interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot-forming cell assay (ELISPOT), whereas memory T cells 10-day culture followed IFN-gamma ELISPOT (cultured ELISPOT). We observed...