We describe a single-posture method for deriving the proportionality constant (K) between rib cage (RC) and abdominal (AB) amplifiers of respiratory inductive plethysmograph (RIP). Qualitative diagnostic calibration (QDC) is based on equations isovolume maneuver (ISOCAL) carried out during 5-min period natural breathing without using mouthpiece or mask. In this situation, K approximates ratio standard deviations (SD) uncalibrated changes AB-to-RC volume deflections. Validity was evaluated by...

We devised a new calibration procedure [least squares method (LSQ)] for respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) and compared it with our previously reported simultaneous equation (SEQ) of analyzing data in 2 body positions the Stagg associates using analysis individual breaths single position. The values from RIP were spirometry (SP) 20 normal subjects placed standing (STD), supine (SUP), sitting, prone, semi-recumbent, right lateral decubitus, left decubitus postures. LSQ gave most...

Smoking history was related to pulmonary function and tracheal mucous velocity. Groups were defined by (1) smoking history; (2) of chronic productive cough; (3) the presence major airway obstruction 1-sec forced expiratory volume <70 per cent predicted; (4) signs small obstruction, i.e., combinations abnormal closing volume, isoflow, uneven N2 washout. Tracheal velocity faster in young than old nonsmokers. Five 13 (38 cent) smokers had within range age-matched nonsmokers, but remainder...

Tracheal mucous velocity was estimated in conscious, normal nonsmokers and patients with obstructive lung disease by means of a cine-bronchofiberscopic technique which observations the movement small Teflon discs placed upon tracheal mucosa were made. The procedure well tolerated safe. average 16 volunteers, 20 to 44 years age, 21.5 mm per min, SD: 5.5, 15 chronic disease, 57 71 1.7 0.8 (P < 0.001). Many regions showed zones absent mucociliary clearance patients; nonsmokers, no such seen....

The respiratory inductive plethysmograph, a monitor of ventilation that does not require connection from the airway, was validated against spirometry during moderate exercise using bicycle ergometer and treadmill. One hundred seventy-three 200 breaths 6 young adults 211 242 treadmill walking were within +/- 20% tidal volumes measured by simultaneous spirometry. plethysmograph appears to be useful non-invasive exercise.

Aerosol deposition and flow resistance in obstructed airways were determined from five mathematical experimental airway models. The first three models theoretical based upon Weibel's symmetrical lung model with 1) uniform reduction of diameter various groups generations; 2) obstruction a few major such that severe uneven distribution occurs the lung; 3) focal constriction selected large airways. In 3, an empirical formula was utilized to assess constricted remaining two tested...

The variability of three methods calculating pulmonary capillary blood flow (Qc) and tissue plus volume (Vt) during rebreathing was assessed in normal humans by using as markers acetylene, ethyl iodide, dimethyl ether. analysis were follows. Method I, the timing disappearance curves soluble gases corrected assuming that C18O-disappearance curve intercepted at unity time O. II, it assumed acetylene Qc calculated method I correct; iodide ether Vt solved an equation slopes these value, thereby...

Nasal mucous velocity was estimated by following the motion of radiopaque discs Teflon means a fluoroscopic image intensifier. From 5 to 10 were deposited on superior surface inferior turbinate with forceps. No local anesthesia employed and subjects experienced no discomfort. The linear obtained playing videotape onto television monitor, measuring distance ruler, dividing elapsed time. Duplicate runs 1–2 min, 15 min apart very reproducible but at 4-h intervals or daily over 5-day period had...

We used a new non-invasive monitor of ventilation, the respiratory inductive plethysmograph, to determine effects breathing through mouthpiece (with nose clip) and external dead spaces on ventilation at rest during exercise. Six normal young subjects were studied 5-min sequential periods rest, submaximal exercise bicycle work load 800 kgm/min, recovery. Not surprisingly, imposition system with 150, 250, 350 ml produced progressively greater than natural However, when actual tidal volumes...

Abstract The current study was undertaken to ascertain whether shift from supine prone posture alters the pattern of natural breathing in healthy fullterm newborns. Breathing patterns were measured and 20 infants using calibrated, noninvasive respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP). values for components postures expressed as means (± SD) were, respectively, tidal volume (V T ), 14.1(± 3.2) 18.9(± 4.9)mL; mean inspiratory flow 26.7(± 11.5) 32.8(± 13.0)mL/s; minute ventilation 232(± 75)...

We assessed the accuracy of respiratory inductive plethysmograph in supine position to spirometry by two-body position, least squares calibration and single-body isovolume procedures. The comparison was carried out simultaneously normal subjects breathing naturally with voluntarily controlled abdominal or thoracic breathing, patients COPD patterns. In both groups, there no significant difference estimation tidal volume between 2 procedures for various There greater deviation from spirometric...

This study was undertaken to determine whether measurements of tracheal mucous velocity or airway reactivity inhaled carbachol more sensitively detect effects ozone (O3) in conscious sheep. Dose-response curves mean pulmonary flow resistance (RL) were obtained by measuring RL after five breaths aerosol with stepwise increases drug concentration. The animals then breathed 0.5 ppm O3 through an endotracheal tube for 2 h. dose-response repeated immediately the exposure and 24 h later. In eight...

Abstract Until the latter part of nineteenth century, scleroderma was considered solely a cutaneous disease. The recognition that proliferation connective tissue in viscera analogous to skin lesions prompted name, “progressive systemic sclerosis.” Recent evidence indicates Raynauds phenomenon, which is frequently associated with scleroderma, also expressed as vasconstriction, particularly renal and pulmonary arterioles.

Low-amplitude pulses to the vasculature increase pulsatile shear stress endothelium. This activates endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) promote NO release and endothelial-dependent vasodilatation. Descent of dicrotic notch on arterial pulse waveform a-to-b ratio (a/b; where a is height amplitude b above end-diastolic level) reflects vasodilator (increased a/b) vasoconstrictor effects (decreased due level change. Periodic acceleration (pG(z)) (motion supine body head foot platform)...