A5033208943- Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Rabies epidemiology and control
Bangor University
2020-2021
From offense to defense Venom in snakes is largely used subdue and/or kill prey, and most venoms have clear actions that facilitate death or paralysis. In one group of snakes, however, venom has evolved shifted from predation protection. Specifically, three different lineages “spitting” deter predators. Kazandjian et al. show similar adaptions occurred within these transform cytotoxic components into a mixture acts on mammalian sensory neurons causes pain. The authors argue increased led...
Abstract Convergent evolution provides unparalleled insights into the selective drivers underlying evolutionary change. While snakes use venom primarily for predation, and composition often reflects diet specificity, three lineages of spitting cobras have independently evolved ability to as a defensive projectile. Using gene, protein functional analyses, we show that possess characterized by an upregulation PLA 2 toxins, which potentiate action cytotoxins activate mammalian sensory neurons...