Traditional waste management system operates based on daily schedule which is highly inefficient and costly. The existing recycle bin has also proved its ineffectiveness in the public as people do not their properly. With development of Internet Things (IoT) Artificial Intelligence (AI), traditional can be replaced with smart sensors embedded into to perform real time monitoring allow for better management. aim this research develop a using LoRa communication protocol TensorFlow deep...

Optical wavelengths considered as the key source of electromagnetic waves from sun, and metamaterial absorber (MMA) enables various applications for this region like real invisible cloaks, color imaging, magnetic resonance light trapping, plasmonic sensor, detector, thermal imaging applications. Contemplated those applications, a new wide-angle, polarization-insensitive MMA is presented in study. The was formatted with three layers that consisted sandwiched metal-dielectric-metal structure....

An oblique angle and polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber (MA) are highly desired for the visible infrared optical applications like, wave energy harvesting, filters, detecting thermal leaks electrical defects. In this paper, a multi-layered MA consisting of two layers tungsten resonators on silicon dioxide substrate, coated with additional SiO2 materials is investigated. The unit cell size 0.5λ × 0.8λ, at lowest wavelength. proposed offers an average absorption 92% from 400 nm to...

In this work, a slotted wideband eight-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is presented, which covers the N77 (3.2–4.2 GHz) frequency band. The MIMO antennas are printed on 0.8-mm-thick FR-4 substrate with dimensions of 150 × 75 mm2. placed along length and width circuit board (PCB). arrangement elements offers pattern polarization diversity, enhancing smartphone's ability to receive signals from various directions. characteristics in range 3.25–4.49 GHz achieved by...

A novel modified-segmented split-ring based symmetric metamaterial absorber is introduced in this paper for X, Ku, and K band applications. The perfect absorption was achieved with a total of 1.91 GHz bandwidth using the conventional FR4 substrate without resistive lumped elements. EM waves were applied TEM mode at both normal oblique incidence up to 90° same absorptance found 11.23 GHz, 14.18 17.37 19.18 maximum 85.51%, 99.13%, 98.19%, 90.8% respectively. This performance proved co-...

We introduce a practical dielectric metasurface design for microwave frequencies. The is made of an array resonators held together by connections thus avoiding the need mechanical support in form slab and spurious multiple reflections that such would generate. proposed can be used either broadband applications or monochromatic wave transformations. capabilities concept to manipulate transmission phase amplitude are supported numerical experimental results. Finally, half-wave plate...

We present a single-layer metasurface, which performs both cross and circular polarization conversion at multiple frequency bands. The unit cell of the proposed metasurface consists periodic array uniquely designed hexagonal split ring resonator (SRR). behaves as an efficient 90° rotator dual bands 6.36-6.59 GHz 10.54-13.56 GHz. efficiency approaches 90% within these two operating Moreover, linear-to-circular is also achieved in other three wide from 6.10-6.20 GHz, 6.84-9.02 14.10-15.48...

In this paper, a compact planar ultrawideband (UWB) antenna and an array setup for microwave breast imaging are presented. The proposed is constructed with slotted semicircular-shaped patch partial trapezoidal ground. It in dimension: 0.30λ × 0.31λ 0.011λ, where λ the wavelength of lowest operating frequency. For design purposes, several parameters assumed optimized to achieve better performance. prototype applied scheme over UWB frequency range 3.10-10.60 GHz. However, achieves bandwidth...

In this paper, a polarization-independent perfect absorber with near-zero index metamaterial (NZIM) property is proposed. Conventional FR4 substrate without any lumped or substrate-embedded elements has been used unique patch of the swastika-shaped capacitive gap along inductive tails at 90-degree rotational symmetry. The simulation results for both unit cell and array co-polarized waves normal oblique incidences up to 90° shown near unity absorptions 4.238, 7.836, 10.482, 11.014 13.352 GHz...

Summary This paper proposes a novel planar rectangular slot antenna designed and fabricated for sub‐6 GHz 5G wireless application. The proposed design can work in 5G, WiMAX, LTE Band 42. has an inverted stub E‐shaped radiating with circular parasitic element on its upper side concurrently activated by microstrip feed line two‐folded T‐shaped design. covers the N77 band at 3.5 GHz. It dimension of 32.4 × 27.9 1.6 mm 3 good reflection coefficient characteristics excellent impedance matching....

In this study, novel flexible microwave substrates based on CoxZn(0.90-x)Al0.10Fe2O4 nanopowder having an average grain size of 20 nm–26 nm were prepared using the sol–gel synthesis technique for microstrip patch antenna applications. At first there are three different molecular composition chosen chemical formula and specified as Co20, Co40 Co60 x = 20%, 40% 60% respectively. Then synthesized ferrites materials characterized with XRD, FESEM, VSM analysis, single-phase spinel high...

In this paper, a cross coupled interlinked split ring resonator based (CCI-SRR) metamaterial has been presented. Epsilon negative (ENG) with highly effective medium ratio (EMR) is attained in metamaterial. The unit cell consists of one square shaped and two rectangular rings. rings reside within the outer ring. Two internal are together by using cross-shaped metal segment. These inner also to strips. Coupling causes increase electrical length modifies inductance cell. Multiple resonances...

The art of paper folding also known as Origami plays an important role in various research areas different scientific fields. structures possess many useful characteristics such reconfigurability, flexibility, deployability, compactness, and multi-functionality. These attributes are inevitable for modern communication systems. Additionally, they provide antenna engineers extra degree freedom while blueprinting next-generation designs. One the desirable features origami is its capability....

Cost-effective, lightweight design alternatives for the thermal management of heat transfer equipment are required. In this study, porous plate and perforated-porous plates used nanoliquid convection control in a flexible-walled vented cavity system under uniform magnetic field effects. The finite element technique is employed with arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method. numerical study performed different values Reynolds number (200≤Re≤1000), Hartmann (0≤Ha≤50), Cauchy (10−8≤Ca≤10−4)...

This article reports the preparation of MgxZn(1-x)Fe2O4 ferrite-based flexible substrate using sol–gel synthesis method. A stove-shaped metamaterial unit cell is designed and fabricated on a substrate, microwave performance structure investigated. The developed composite built PVA glue micro-scale Mg–Zn ferrite nanoparticle powder, while this powder used as filler. structural (XRD) morphological (FESEM) investigation allows for being substrate. dielectric loss tangent properties are...

A family of multiband metamaterial-inspired dipole antennas are reported. These based on a integrated in planar configuration with capacitively loaded loops (CLLs) as their near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) elements. In the realized structures, number operating frequencies is determined by size CLLs and proximity to printed dipole. Simulation results explain design features demonstrate that structures present behavior. Three corresponding prototypes were fabricated tested. The measured...

In this article, a metamaterial loaded high gain nine antennas based microwave breast imaging system has presented to detect an unwanted tumour in the phantom. The proposed antenna is designed on modified version of basic Vivaldi antenna. Single negative structure been enhance far-field properties like and radiation pattern, which essential for system. have achieved -10dB impedance bandwidth 8.45 GHz (2.0- 10.45 GHz) 7.9 dBi maximum operating band. To verify time-domain performance, fidelity...

This paper presents a unique geometry of chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag for encoding large number bits in very small form factor. The consists semi-octagonal copper strips, sequentially laid on single side an ultra-thin substrate. A and robust mechanism the (ID) is proposed. operating spectrum ranges from 3.1 to 10.5 GHz. compact, having overall size 14.5 × 28 mm2. proposed exhibits high code density 9.85 bits/cm2 spectral efficiency 5.4 bits/GHz. geometric configuration...

A metamaterial design and its analysis based on an epsilon negative concentric crossed-line split ring resonator (CCSRR) have been presented in this paper. The CCSRR unit cell structure is the amendment of typical (CSRR). inserted crossed line increases electrical length cell. dimension proposed 10 × 1.575 mm3 it printed Rogers RT 5880 substrate material. transmission frequency ranges from 6.33 GHz to 6.65 GHz, 10.42 10.73 13.21 13.42 which covers bands C, X, Ku-band microwave applications....

This article presents printed log periodic antennas with metamaterials for use in microwave imaging. A single layer of epsilon negative (ENG) metamaterial (MTM) array (1 × 6) the unit cell is on radiating patch. Adding a structure enhances properties far-field antennas, such as radiation pattern and gain, both which are vital breast Two frequency bands exhibit permittivity: 3–3.3 GHz 3.6–4.5 GHz. In operating band, proposed have achieved maximum gain 5.5 dBi impedance bandwidth 3 (2–5 GHz)...

This article demonstrates a compact wideband four-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system integrated with metamaterial (MM) to reach high gain for sub-6 GHz new radio (NR) 5G communication. The four antennas of the proposed MIMO are orthogonally positioned adjacent short interelement edge-to-edge distance (0.19λmin at 3.25 GHz), confirming size and characteristics 55.2% (3.25–5.6 GHz). Each component consists fractal slotted unique patch transmission feed line metal...