A5001965604- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Malaria Research and Control
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
Colorado State University
2016-2025
National Wildlife Research Center
2022
The University of Queensland
2021-2022
Life Services (United States)
2022
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
2022
Significance SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging pathogen that has already had catastrophic consequences on the health and well-being of people worldwide. As a zoonotic virus, implications for animal populations are largely unknown. This manuscript describes pilot study in which domestic cats dogs were assessed their susceptibility to infection. While neither species developed clinical disease this study, shed infectious virus up 5 d infected naive via direct contact, while do not appear virus. Cats...
Abstract Wild animals have been implicated as the origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but it is largely unknown how virus affects most wildlife species and if could ultimately serve a reservoir for maintaining outside human population. We show that several common peridomestic species, including deer mice, bushy-tailed woodrats, striped skunks, are susceptible to infection can shed in secretions. In contrast, we demonstrate cottontail rabbits, fox...
Since 1997, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype have been transmitted from hosts to humans. The severity infection in humans, as well sporadic nature outbreaks, both geographically and temporally, make generation an effective vaccine a global public health priority. An must ultimately provide protection against diverse clades. Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist adjuvant formulations demonstrated ability broaden responses pre-clinical models. However, many these...
Abstract To assess the susceptibility of elk (Cervus canadensis) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) to SARS-CoV-2, we performed experimental infections in both species. Elk did not shed infectious virus but mounted low-level serologic responses. Mule transmitted pronounced responses thus could play a role SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology.
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a recently emerged pathogen associated with severe human disease. Zoonotic spillover from camels appears to play major role in transmission. Because of logistic difficulties working dromedaries containment, more manageable animal model would be desirable. We report shedding and transmission this virus experimentally infected alpacas (n = 3) or those by contact 3). Infectious was detected all animals 2 3 in-contact animals. All seroconverted...
Abstract Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a recently emerged pathogen associated with severe human disease. Zoonotic spillover from camels appears to play major role in transmission. Because of logistic difficulties working dromedaries containment, more manageable animal model would be desirable. We report shedding and transmission this virus experimentally infected alpacas (n = 3) or those by contact 3). Infectious was detected all animals 2 3 in-contact animals. All...
We assessed 2 wild canid species, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and coyotes (Canis latrans), for susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. After experimental inoculation, became infected shed infectious virus. Conversely, experimentally challenged did not become infected; therefore, are unlikely be competent hosts
The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic has fuelled the generation of vaccines at an unprecedented pace and scale. However, many challenges remain, including: emergence vaccine-resistant mutant viruses, vaccine stability during storage transport, waning vaccine-induced immunity, concerns about infrequent adverse events associated with existing vaccines.We report on a protein subunit comprising receptor-binding domain (RBD) ancestral spike protein, dimerised immunoglobulin IgG1 Fc domain. These were...
Seasonal and pandemic influenzas are continuous threats to human health, requiring rapid development of vaccines multiple evolving viral strains. New RNA vaccine technologies have the adaptability manufacturability facilitate preparedness but limited flexibility in their route administration, reducing ability establish local protective immune responses such as respiratory mucosal immunity. Here, we describe monovalent bivalent self-amplifying (saRNA) against A/Vietnam/1203/2004 H5N1...
Abstract Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a recently emerged pathogen associated with severe human disease. Zoonotic spillover from camels appears to play major role in transmission. Because of logistic difficulties working dromedaries containment, more manageable animal model would be desirable. We report shedding and transmission this virus experimentally infected alpacas (n = 3) or those by contact 3). Infectious was detected all animals 2 3 in-contact animals. All...
Chikungunya virus is an emerging arbovirus of significant human-health concern. Little known about its sylvatic cycle, including whether ectothermic vertebrates are permissive to infection. In this study, individuals from ten species reptiles and amphibians were inoculated with chikungunya samples blood tested characterize viremia seroconversion. Viremia was not detected in cane toads, house geckos, or American alligators, but most the green iguanas, red-eared sliders, ball Burmese pythons,...
Early in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic concerns were raised regarding infection of new animal hosts and effect on viral epidemiology. Infection other animals could be detrimental by causing clinical disease, allowing further mutations, bares risk for establishment a non-human reservoir. Cats first reported susceptible to natural experimental with SARS-CoV-2. Given these findings raised, close contact between humans cats, we aimed develop vaccine candidate that reduce addition prevent spread among...
Abstract Wild animals have been implicated as the origin of SARS-CoV-2, but it is largely unknown how virus affects most wildlife species and if could ultimately serve a reservoir for maintaining outside human population. Here we show that several common peridomestic species, including deer mice, bushy-tailed woodrats, striped skunks, are susceptible to infection can shed in respiratory secretions. In contrast, demonstrate cottontail rabbits, fox squirrels, Wyoming ground black-tailed...
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first recognized in 2012 and can cause severe disease infected humans. Dromedary camels are the reservoir for virus, although, other than nasal discharge, these animals do not display any overt clinical disease. Data from vitro experiments suggest that livestock such as sheep, goats, horses might also contribute to viral transmission, although field data has identified seropositive animals. In order understand if could be...
Abstract The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has reached nearly every country in the world with extraordinary person-to-person transmission. most likely original source of virus was spillover from an animal reservoir and subsequent adaptation to humans sometime during winter 2019 Wuhan Province, China. Because its genetic similarity SARS-CoV-1, it is that this novel a similar host range receptor specificity. Due concern for human-pet transmission, we investigated susceptibility domestic cats...
Coccidioidomycosis is a significant health problem of dogs and humans in endemic regions, especially California Arizona the U.S. Both species would greatly benefit from vaccine to prevent this disease. A live avirulent candidate, Δcps1, was tested for tolerability efficacy pulmonary coccidioidomycosis canine challenge model. Vaccine injection-site reactions were transient there no systemic effects observed. Six seven sites all draining lymph nodes sterile post-vaccination. Following...
As a natural host species for Brucella melitensis, pregnant sheep offer an ideal model to evaluate vaccine candidates safety. B. melitensis strain Rev. 1 has been used almost exclusively prevent brucellosis in small ruminants, but it causes abortions when given animals. To the comparative safety of candidate 16MΔvjbR, (n = 6) were vaccinated subcutaneously with × 1010 CFU/ml 16MΔvjbR or 109 at highly susceptible stage gestation (approximately 70 days). resulted only abortion (1 compared 4 6...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has claimed the lives of millions people worldwide since it first emerged. The impact COVID-19 pandemic on public health and global economy highlighted medical need for development broadly acting interventions against emerging viral threats. Galidesivir is a broad-spectrum antiviral compound with demonstrated in vitro vivo efficacy several RNA viruses concern, including those causing yellow fever, Ebola, Marburg, Rift Valley fever. In studies have shown...
Chikungunya virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and causes severe, debilitating infectious arthritis in humans. The need for an animal model to study the disease process evaluate potential treatments imminent as continues its spread into novel geographic locations. Golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are often used outbred laboratory models arboviral diseases. Here we demonstrate that inoculated with chikungunya developed viremia histopathologic lesions their limbs joints similar those...
Oral delivery of an inexpensive COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) vaccine could dramatically improve immunization rates, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Previously, we described a potential universal vaccine, rLVS ΔcapB/MN, comprising replicating bacterial vector, LVS (live strain) ΔcapB, expressing the highly conserved SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) membrane nucleocapsid (N) proteins, which, when administered intradermally or intranasally,...
Millions of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine doses containing oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant have been administered in order to enhance broaden immune responses facilitate antigen sparing. Despite the enactment a Global Action Plan for Influenza Vaccines multi-fold increase production capabilities over past 10 years, worldwide capacity is still limited. In developing countries, where routine vaccination not fully established, additional measures are needed ensure adequate supply...