To evaluate the effects of menopause and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on quality amount tear, intraocular pressure (IOP) retrobulbar blood flow velocities.Twenty women aged between 40 50 years, free ocular systemic diseases planning to receive HRT were recruited as study group. Twenty-four healthy, age-matched but still menstruating enrolled controls. On first day basal reflex Schirmer test, tear break-up time IOP measurements (at 08.00, 12.00 16.00 h) performed for all groups. second...

To compare the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macular volume, and amblyopic eye with those non-amblyopic in patients unilateral strabismic amblyopia using optical coherence tomography (OCT).OCT was performed for 14 who had no neurologic disease. Nine male 5 female patients, whose ages ranged from to 18 years, were enrolled study. The RNFL average analysis program used evaluate mean superior, inferior, temporal, nasal thickness. data all clock quadrants (12 values averaged)...

Anterior cervical discectomy with or without fusion has been commonly used for disc disease since the description by Smith and Robinson in 1958. In this report, surgical technique, advantages, disadvantages of posterior approach, known as keyhole laminotomy-foraminotomy, are reviewed motion versus surgery discussed. Between 1996 2004, laminotomy-foraminotomy was performed on 84 patients suffering from lateral soft herniation osteophytes. All procedures were under microscope. A high-speed...

Team-based learning (TBL) is an interactive and analytic teaching strategy. TBL a learner-centered strategy that uses very structured individual group accountability process requires small groups to work together solve problems. This study served investigate whether the concept could be modified adopted fifth-year cornea module of ophthalmology course. Questionnaires (using Likert scale 1-5) were distributed 169 medical students attending applied as in The questionnaire consisted two...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to review a series patients who underwent open cranial surgeries evaluate the incidence iatrogenic incisional CSF leaks and discuss its prevention management. authors also utility "folding technique" used in duraplasty as an alternative conventional dural reconstruction techniques. METHODS All undergoing surgery were reviewed, those with leak included study. leakage managed using either conservative nonsurgical methods or surgical interventions. When...

Although several clinical applications of transpedicular screw fixation in the cervical spine have been documented recently, few anatomic studies concerning pedicle are available. This study was designed to evaluate anatomy and adjacent neural relationships middle lower (C3-C7). The main objective is provide accurate information for region minimize complications by providing a three-dimensional orientation.Twenty cadavers were used observe its relationships. After removal posterior bony...

ABSTRACT In this prospective study, microdrops (mean drop volume 5.6 μl) and commercially available standard drops 35.4 of cyclopentolate, phenylephrine tropicamide's clinical efficacy systemic side effects were compared. Sixty‐one infants requiring diagnostic pupil dilatation studied for pupillary diameter, blood pressure, heart rate skin flushing changes related to the instillation mydriatic drops. Both drugs produced significant increase in diameter compared with baseline (p<0.01)....

Aim and scope: To investigate the inhibitory effect of subconjunctival application VEGF antibodies bevacizumab, ranibizumab, pegaptanib, HER2 antibody trastuzumab on corneal neovascularization in a rat model experimental neovascularization.Material method: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were included study. A chemical burn was induced central cornea one eye by 75% silver nitrate 25% potassium stick. Rats randomly divided into five groups so that each group contained 6 subjects. Right after...

To evaluate the short-term effectiveness of intraductal meibomian gland probing using modified Maskin cannulas in patients with obstructive dysfunction.The study prospectively included 58 eyes 30 a diagnosis dysfunction who were refractory to medical treatment for at least 6 months. The divided into 4 groups according number procedures applied. During probing, sterile probes 2, 2.5, 4, and mm length used. A tarsal massage was recommended after treatment. Preoperatively, then postoperatively...

The efficacy of sodium nitroprusside in resolving cerebral vasospasm was evaluated with multicisternal injections. Twelve animals received fresh, unheparinized arterial blood via three injections (15 ml total) into the cisterna magna. Selective vertebral arteriography performed on Day 0, and were second third days after first injection. On seventh day selective to evaluate diameter basilar artery. In group, intrathecal drug started 4 continued for two (25 μg/kg/day). artery reduced 72.98...

Purpose To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect and safety of latanoprost, travoprost given every evening, fixed combination dorzolamide + timolol (DTFC) twice daily in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG). Methods This randomized, prospective, investigator-masked study has been conducted with 50 PXG patients. Patients were assigned to one three groups: 0.004%, 2%+timolol 0.5%, or latanoprost 0.005% for 6 months. At baseline 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, months therapy, IOP (8 am, 10 4...

In Brief Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of EMLA cream and local dry cold application for pain relief before periocular botulinum toxin injection, to compare these two methods. Methods: this prospective study, 40 patients underwent bilateral injections blepharospasm treatment or wrinkle reduction. Patients were divided into three groups. first group (n = 12), was applied area on one side injection; other served as control. second topical anesthetic (EMLA) third 16), side. A visual...

Single-dose subconjunctival platelet-rich plasma (sPRP) injections with or without antibiotic treatment were investigated for their effect on corneal epithelial wound healing in a rabbit model.A total of 24 rabbits used this study. After collecting intracardiac blood samples from 16 rabbits, was obtained by centrifugation. Animals divided into 3 groups. A mechanical defect 7-mm diameter created the central cornea right eye each animal. Group 1 (n = 8) received only sPRP, whereas group 2 sPRP...

Purpose. Povidone iodine has been proven to be a valuable antiseptic solution in preparing the eye for surgery and is an alternative postoperative topical antibiotics. No study addressed intraocular toxicity of povidone after injection into anterior chamber. We investigated potential on corneal endothelium injections chamber rabbit model. Methods. In this we used 24 eyes 12 albino rabbits. The were divided following three groups according drugs tested: group A, 5% iodine; B, 10% C, balanced...

To evaluate the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) without glaucoma by using optical coherence tomography (OCT).22 PXS were evaluated. Group 1 included eyes pseudoexfoliation, group 2 fellow eyes; 18 age-matched normal control assessed 3. The mean and segmental RNFL their was compared to subject eyes.The significantly thinner than controls all quadrants except nasal quadrant regard analysis (p < 0.05). This loss apparent at...

Background: To investigate the acute effect of caffeine on intraocular pressure and retrobulbar blood flow velocity. Methods: In this randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, prospective study, we examined effects single 300-mg oral administration arteries' hemodynamics by using color Doppler ultrasonography imaging in healthy human volunteers. The subjects were divided into two groups; group 1 received a tablet 2 placebo. Measurements obtained eyes at baseline, hr after ingestion...

Study Design A retrospective study. Purpose The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and outcome vertebroplasty compared with unipedicular bipedicular kyphoplasty for treatment osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in terms pain, functional capacity height restoration rates. Overview Literature procedure was first performed 1984 a hemangioma at C2 vertebra. Kyphoplasty 1998 includes addition using inflation balloons high-viscosity cement. Both are efficacious, safe...

Lower back pain (LBP) is a prevalent spinal symptom at the lumbar region of spine, which severely effects quality life and constitutes number one cause occupational disability. Degeneration intervertebral disc (IVD) well-known causes contributing to LBP. Therapeutic biomaterials inducing IVD regeneration are promising candidates for degeneration treatments. Here, we demonstrate collagen peptide presenting nanofiber scaffold mimic structure function natural extracellular matrix tissue...