A5065143728- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Anatomy and Medical Technology
- Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Veterinary Orthopedics and Neurology
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Comparative Animal Anatomy Studies
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Animal testing and alternatives
- Agriculture and Farm Safety
- Dental materials and restorations
- Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
University of Wisconsin–River Falls
2019-2025
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
2022-2024
University of Minnesota
2021-2022
University of Minnesota System
2021
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2020
Abstract The bison industry in the United States has been growing rapidly. In 2023, over 75,000 were commercially slaughtered, but stunning methods for did not appear to be scientifically evaluated at time of our study. Our primary objective was evaluate tissue thicknesses frontal (FRONTAL: 2.5 cm above a line connecting bottom horns) and poll (POLL: below crest head midline angled toward ventral aspect nose) placements bison. Secondary objectives assess potential bolt-thalamus contact...
Penetrating captive bolt (PCB) is a common method of euthanasia for swine but has not been evaluated mature < 200 kg body weight (BW). The objectives were to determine tissue depth, brain contact plane, and visible damage (brain damage[BD]) the FRONTAL (F) alternative TEMPORAL (T) BEHIND EAR (BE) placements PCB use on sows boars weighing kg. Cadaver heads obtained from 30 (estimated BW, mean ± SD; sows: 165.8 22.4 kg; boars: 173.6 21.4 kg) slaughter establishment after electrical stunning...
Dairy cows are regularly handled when moved to the milking parlor and during other routine procedures. Low-stress handling methods important in avoiding negative welfare states for dairy cattle. Tail twisting is used by some handlers prompt cattle movement. However, inappropriately with excessive force, tail can lead a broken tail. The aim of this cross-sectional study was determine cow-level factors that may be associated prevalence tails A subset 229 Holstein (68 primiparous 161...
The main objective of this study was to describe tissue thicknesses cadaver heads from physically castrated market barrows (PC MARKET BARROWS) and immunocastrated boars (IC BOARS) at the frontal penetrating captive bolt (PCB) placement. Other objectives were differences in force energy requirements penetrate potential for bolt-thalamus contact. Forty-four obtained PC BARROWS (n = 22) IC BOARS similar age size that rendered insensible with CO2. Mean HCW 117.32 ± 3.52 kg. Snout poll distance...
Abstract Penetrating captive bolt (PCB) is the primary method of preslaughter stunning for cattle and also used on-farm euthanasia. The objective this study was to quantify impact cooling on soft tissue thickness, cranial total cross-sectional brain area cadaver heads collected from mature (&gt; 30 mo age) dairy cows following application a PCB stun in frontal placement. Hide-on were obtained culled (N = 37) stunned location using handheld device (Jarvis Model PAS—Type C 0.25R Caliber...
Abstract This study evaluated the ability of 2 penetrating captive bolt (PCB) types (PISTOL, INLINE) to reach and disrupt thalamus when applied in placements (FRONTAL, BEHIND EAR) chilled cadaver heads (N = 60) from sows &gt;200 kg. Heads were randomly distributed across 6 treatments (n 10): FRONTAL-INLINE, FRONTAL-PISTOL, FRONTAL-NO SHOT, EAR-INLINE, EAR-PISTOL, EAR-NO SHOT. The FRONTAL shot was placed 3.5 cm superior optic orbits at midline; EAR directly caudal pinna ear on same plane...
The objective of this study was to contrast the soft tissue thickness, cranial total cross-sectional brain area, and bolt-brain contact from common frontal application captive bolt euthanasia with alternative location behind ear in cadaver swine heads. Twenty-three heads pigs that were approximately 136 kg 6 mo age collected a regional slaughter establishment following CO2 stunning assigned either FRONTAL (n = 11) or CAUDAL TO PINNA 12) bolt. thickness different (P < 0.0001) between 2...
The definition of animal welfare includes how an dies. As such, euthanasia is intrinsically linked to welfare, and ensuring a good death through effective, safe, validated practices critical piece promoting positive welfare. objective this review provide better understanding the literature on swine via penetrating captive bolt (PCB) nonpenetrating (NPCB), as well history use, indicators sensibility insensibility. To do this, we performed systematic that included 30 peer-reviewed articles 17...
Three penetrating captive bolt (PCB) placements were tested on cadaver heads from swine with estimated body weight (BW) >200 kg (sows = 232.9 ± 4.1 kg; boars 229.3 2.6 kg). The objectives to determine tissue depth, cross-sectional brain area, visible damage (BD), regions of BD, and bolt-brain contact; relationships between external head dimensions depth at each placement. A Jarvis PAS-Type P 0.25R PCB a Long Stunning Rod Nosepiece Assembly 3.5 g power loads was used the following 111 sows 46...
Abstract The objective of this project was to determine the impact cooling on soft tissue thickness, cranial and cross-sectional brain area cadaver heads from market pigs. Documenting effect dimensions swine is valuable important for future investigations physical stunning euthanasia methods that use heads. Scalded dehaired with intact jowls were sourced pigs stunned CO2 gas. After transport data collection location, a penetrating captive bolt (PCB) shot (Jarvis Model PAS—Type P 0.25R...
Abstract The objective of this study was to contrast the soft tissue thickness, cranial total and cross-sectional brain area from common frontal captive bolt placement for euthanasia swine with alternative temporal caudal pinna placements. One hundred fifty-seven cadaver heads sows boars estimated body weights greater than 200 kg were collected a regional slaughter establishment following electrical stunning assigned FRONTAL, TEMPORAL, or CAUDAL treatments after cooling at 2–4°C...
Abstract Penetrating captive bolt (PCB) is a common method of euthanasia for mature sows but limited data exist regarding PCB efficacy these animals. Two placements were evaluated on cadaver heads from with an estimated body weight (BW) &gt;200 kg (Mean ± SD: 225.4 21.1 kg). The objectives to determine the thalamic diameter, distance thalamus, effective angle, and tissue depths associated FRONTAL BEHIND EAR kg. Cadaver obtained (n = 60) regional slaughter establishment following...
Yaks are a domesticated species utilized for meat, fiber, and transportation in many countries. In the United States, yak meat is growing popularity due to its classification as "healthy" meat. Penetrating captive bolt (PCB) an approved method of preslaughter stunning euthanasia cattle. At time our study, peer-reviewed literature or industry guidelines PCB did not appear exist yaks. This study aimed identify describe ideal placement based on location thalamus, part brain that important...
Abstract The objective of this study was to contrast the soft tissue thickness, cranial total cross-sectional brain area and bolt–brain contact from common frontal application captive bolt euthanasia with alternative location behind ear in cadaver swine heads. Twenty-three heads pigs that were approximately 136 kg 6 mo age collected a slaughter establishment following CO2 stunning assigned either FRONTAL (n = 11) or CAUDAL TO PINNA 12) bolt. thickness different (P &lt; 0.0001) between 2...
Abstract Federally inspected slaughter establishments in the United States must adhere to Humane Methods of Slaughter Act and regulations that enforce it. Failure comply with this law results a Handling Enforcement Action (HHEA) issued by Department Agriculture Food Safety Inspection Service (USDA FSIS). The objective study was systematically analyze describe HHEAs between 2018 2020. action notification letters were accessed from USDA FSIS website date, location, regulatory action, reason...
Abstract The objective of this project was to determine the impact cooling on soft tissue thickness, cranial and cross-sectional brain area cadaver heads from market pigs. Documenting effect dimensions swine is valuable important for future investigations physical stunning euthanasia methods that use heads. Cadaver were sourced pigs stunned with CO2. After transport data collection location, a captive bolt shot applied in frontal position. Following application, each head (n=36) underwent an...